Sinonasal mucosal melanoma is an aggressive malignancy with a 5-year survival rate ranging from 20% to 39%. Despite the evolving surgical and radiotherapy techniques, and introduction of ...immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy, overall survival rates remain poor.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Hospital Clinic de Barcelona and the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau between 1984 and 2020; primary outcome measures were 3 and 5-year melanoma-specific survival (MSS). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were performed to identify predictors of survival.
Fifty patients were included, the mean age was 70.4, MSS at 3 and 5 years was 51.2%, and 29.5%, respectively. The median follow-up was 39.6 months during which 46% presented locoregional recurrence and 36%, metastasis. The univariate and multivariate analyses found as survival predictors the N category, the treatment received, the surgical margins and the mitotic index.
We found an overall 5-year MSS of 29.5%. Those patients with intention-to-cure (stages III and IVa) treated by surgery that were N0 at diagnosis, with < 10 mitoses per HPF showed a 5-year MSS rate of 74.1%. More studies will be needed to adequately define the patients' profiles that will benefit from a better survival outcome.
The implementation of post-fire stabilisation techniques in forests ecosystems located in the NW of Spain is required since high severity wildfires are common and the risk of erosion is high due to ...pronounced terrain relief in combination with abundant precipitation; however, there is limited quantitative information on the relative effectiveness of these techniques. The effectiveness of two stabilisation techniques, seeding and mulching, in reducing soil erosion was evaluated as well as their effects on soil quality. The study was performed on a hillslope area located in Laza (NW of Spain) affected by a high severity wildfire in September 2010. Four treatments were established: unburnt control soil, burnt control soil, burnt soil with rye seeding and burnt soil with straw mulch. For the different soil treatments, the sediments production as well as different physical, chemical and microbiological soil properties were measured over a four month period. The results showed that initially the wildfire induced important changes in most properties analyzed and that these effects persisted after 4months. The data also indicated that both stabilisation treatments had no effects on the soil properties analyzed but reduced significantly the sediments yield compared to that of the control burnt soil. The mean efficiency of seeding and mulching treatments in preventing soil erosion was 34–42% and 73–94%, respectively, showing that, in the short-term (4months), mulching was the most effective treatment for reducing post-fire erosion.
► Mulching and seeding treatments were applied immediately after the wildfire. ► The influence of these treatments on soil quality and soil erosion was evaluated. ► Fire induced drastic changes in soil physical, chemical and biological properties. ► The two stabilisation treatments had no short-term effects on soil quality. ► The mulching was the most effective treatment for reducing post-fire erosion.
Surgery of gastric cancer Barreiro Alvarez, F; Monlina Esteban, J; Vicente Cantero, M
Revista espanola de las enfermedades del aparato digestivo,
1977-Jun-01, Letnik:
50, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Gastric leiomyomas. Study of 5 personal cases Barreiro Alvarez, F; Aguinaga Manzanos, M V; Molina Esteban, J
Revista espanola de las enfermedades del aparato digestivo,
1977-May-01, Letnik:
50, Številka:
3
Journal Article
In this work, we reported the synthesis and evaluation of the analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antiplatelet properties of new phenothiazine-attached acylhydrazone derivatives (6), designed exploring ...the molecular hybridization approach between antipsychotic chlorpromazine (4) and other heterocyclic derivatives (3) and (5) developed at LASSBio. Target compounds were synthesized in very good yields exploiting diphenylamine (7) as starting material, through regioselective functionalization of the C-1 position of 10H-phenothiazine ring. The evaluation of platelet antiaggregating profile lead us to identify a new potent prototype of antiplatelet derivative, that is (6a) (IC(50)=2.3 microM), which acts in arachidonic acid pathway probably by inhibition of platelet COX-1 enzyme. Additionally, the change of para-substituent group of acylhydrazone framework permitted us to identify hydrophilic carboxylate derivative (6g) and hydrophobic bromo derivative (6b) as two new leads of analgesics more active than dipyrone used as standard and with selective peripheral or central mechanism of action.
Abstract
Background
Probiotics hold potential in IBD, yet knowledge gaps persist. We aimed to perform an umbrella review of systematic reviews and updated metanalysis of all RCT assessing the effect ...of probiotics in on Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until September 2023 for systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCT). Primary outcomes were clinical response and remission; secondary outcomes included endoscopic response, remission, and side effects. We calculated odds ratios using a random-effects model in R. Quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 (systematic reviews) and Jadad scale (RCTs), the Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to grade trials’ risk of bias.
Results
Out of 2613 search results, 67 studies (22 systematic reviews and 45 RCTs) met eligibility criteria. In the updated meta-analysis, the OR for clinical remission was 1.88 (95%CI 1.20-2.93, I2=60% - Figure 1). However, the positive effect was statistically significant only for UC (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.28-3.11, I2=57%) but not for CD. Likewise, probiotics significantly decreased the odds of clinical recurrence in UC patients (OR 0.65, 95%CI 0.42-1.01, I2=52%) and in relapsing pouchitis (OR 0.03, 95%CI 0.00-0.25, I2=64%), but not in CD. The De Simone formulation consistently outperformed other probiotics in achieving remission and preventing recurrence in UC. On the other hand, the use of probiotics was not associated with better endoscopic outcomes. The occurrence of both mild and severe adverse events was comparable to control group.
Conclusion
Our results support the use of probiotics for patients with UC, both for the induction of clinical remission and for the prevention of relapse, as well for patients with previous diagnosis of pouchitis, and reinforces their good safety profile.
Ghrelin has emerged as putative regulator of an array of endocrine and nonendocrine functions, including cell proliferation. Recently, we provided evidence for the expression of ghrelin in mature, ...but not in undifferentiated, Leydig cells of rat and human testis. Yet testicular actions of ghrelin, other than modulation of testosterone secretion, remain unexplored. In the present study we evaluated the effects of ghrelin on proliferation of Leydig cell precursors during puberty and after selective elimination of mature Leydig cells by treatment with ethylene dimethane sulfonate. In these settings, intratesticular injection of ghrelin significantly decreased the proliferative activity of differentiating immature Leydig cells, estimated by 5-bromodeoxyuridine labeling. This response was selective and associated, in ethylene dimethane sulfonate-treated animals, with a decrease in the mRNA levels of stem cell factor (SCF), i.e. a key signal in spermatogenesis and a putative regulator of Leydig cell development. Thus, the effects of ghrelin on SCF gene expression were evaluated. In adult rats, ghrelin induced a significant decrease in SCF mRNA levels in vivo. Such an inhibitory action was also detected in vitro using cultures of staged seminiferous tubules. The inhibitory effect of ghrelin in vivo was dependent on proper FSH input, because it was detected in hypophysectomized rats only after FSH replacement. Overall, it is proposed that acquisition of ghrelin expression by Leydig cell precursors during differentiation may operate as a self-regulatory signal for the inhibition of the proliferative activity of this cell type through direct or indirect (i.e. SCF-mediated) mechanisms. In addition, we present novel evidence for the ability of ghrelin to modulate the expression of the SCF gene, which may have implications for the mode of action of this molecule in the testis as well as in other physiological systems.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and incurable entity. The aim of the Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (PANCCO) is to create awareness of IBD, with special emphasis on Latin ...America, and the primary objective of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU, the Spanish acronym) is to obtain the accreditation of the clinical and therapeutic criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD.
To carry out a consensus for evaluating the approval criteria that a Comprehensive Care Clinic for Latin American IBD patients must meet, to be considered a center of excellence.
Fourteen clinical experts participated in the consensus. They were made up of specialists in gastroenterology, with broad clinical experience, spanning several years, in managing the care of a large number of patients with IBD, as well as advanced specialists in IBD. Thirteen of the participants came from 11 Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, and Venezuela) that have IBD clinics. An expert from Spain, representing the GETECCU, provided the methodologic support.
The consensus consisted of 52 statements divided into three sections: 1) Structure indicators, 2) Process indicators, and 3) Result indicators. The Delphi panel method was applied.
The present Latin American consensus describes the quality indicators that a Comprehensive Care Clinic for IBD patients must meet, to be considered a center of excellence, taking into account the needs of our region.
This is the first Latin American consensus, jointly carried out by the PANCCO and GETECCU, to present accreditation standards for centers of excellence in the care of patients with IBD.
La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) es una entidad crónica e incurable. La Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (PANCCO) tiene como objetivo generar concientización sobre la EII, con especial énfasis en Latinoamérica, y el Grupo Español de Trabajo en Enfermedad de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa (GETECCU) tiene por objetivo primordial procurar la homologación de criterios clínico-terapéuticos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la EII.
Realizar un consenso para la evaluación de los criterios de aprobación que debe cumplir una Clínica de Atención Integral de pacientes con EII a nivel latinoamericano para ser considerada un centro de excelencia.
Se contó con la participación de 14 expertos clínicos especialistas en gastroenterología, con amplia experiencia clínica de varios años en el manejo de la atención a numerosos pacientes con EII, así como también aquellos que tuvieran la formación de alta especialidad en EII. Todos pertenecientes a 11 países latinoamericanos: Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, México, Perú, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana, Uruguay y Venezuela, en donde tienen clínicas de EII; así mismo, también participó un experto de España como apoyo metodológico, representante de GETECCU.
El consenso consistió de 52 enunciados divididos en tres secciones: 1) Indicadores de estructura; 2) Indicadores de proceso y 3) Indicadores de resultados. Se aplicó el método de panel Delphi.
El consenso latinoamericano muestra los indicadores de calidad que debe cumplir una Clínica de Atención Integral de pacientes con EII para ser considerada un centro de excelencia teniendo en cuenta las necesidades de nuestra región.
Es el primer consenso latinoamericano realizado de manera conjunta por la PANCCO y GETECCU para presentar los estándares para aprobar centros de excelencia en la atención de pacientes con EII.
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