Lung cancer is a common neoplasm, usually treated through chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or surgery. Both clinical and experimental studies on cancer cells suggest that some drugs (e.g., statins) ...have the potential to improve the prognosis of cancer. In fact, statins blocking the enzyme "hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase" exert pleiotropic effects on different genes involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. In this narrative review, we presented the experimental and clinical studies that evaluated the effects of statins on lung cancer and described data on the effectiveness and safety of these compounds. We also evaluated gender differences in the treatment of lung cancer to understand the possibility of personalized therapy based on the modulation of the mevalonate pathway. In conclusion, according to the literature data, statins exert multiple effects on lung cancer cells, even if the evidence for their use in clinical practice is lacking.
Acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) represents a clinical picture that involves urgent management due to the important procession of symptoms accompanying the event, which can be positively or negatively ...influenced by therapeutic choices and intervention timing. This forces a differential diagnosis and therapeutic choices to be made in conditions that are not always favorable and often not in the specialist field. In this work, we will examine in detail the pharmacological therapeutic possibilities, correlating them to the differential and, as far as possible, to the etiological diagnosis. In particular, the pharmacological possibilities for the two main conditions we can face will be investigated, namely, vestibular neuritis and posterior circulation stroke.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common cause of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) that can reduce quality of life. Even if several drugs can be used in its treatment, the development ...of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represents the most common cause of low adherence. In the present study, we evaluate both the efficacy and the safety of a new nutrient fixed combination of Pollen Extract plus Teupolioside, named Xipag®, in patients with LUTS. We conduct a pilot single center open label clinical study between 1 March 2020 and 30 June 2020 in patients with BPH referred to general practitioner’s ambulatories. Male patients > 45 years, sexually active, with clinical symptoms of LUTS and with a diagnosis of HPB were enrolled and received one tablet/day of Xipag® (T0), for three months (T1: end of treatment). The IPSS and IIEF-5 questionnaires were carried out at T0 and T1 and represent the first end point, whereas the primary safety end point was considered the absence of ADR or of drug−drug interactions related to Xipag® administration. During the study period, 25 subjects aged 43 to 76 years (mean 62.7 ± 9) were enrolled and completed the study. The clinical evaluation in T1 documented that Xipag® induced a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.01) in symptoms, as documented by the IPSS questionnaire (range 22.7−88.9; mean 55.2 ± 23.6), without the development of ADRs. In conclusion, this is the first real-world study that showed the efficacy and the safety of Xipag® in the BPH patients with LUTS.
SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus, which induced a severe pandemic infectious disease around the world. Even if several drugs have been suggested for its treatment, to date, the only strategy to reduce ...the severity of disease is represented by the use of vaccine. However, the lack of pre-marketing evidence in frail patients suggests the necessity of the real-world study of a vaccine benefit–risk profile. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and the safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a cohort of 33 patients treated with an immunosuppressant after solid organ transplant. Both CLIA and LS/MS analysis were used to evaluate the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti SARS-CoV-2 and the therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressant drugs. We documented that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induced a dose- and gender-related serological response. In particular, in 63.6% of the enrolled patients, we documented a significant serological response at T2, and after a time related decrease, the booster dose induced a serological response in 72.7% of enrolled patients. In conclusion, the vaccine anti SARS-CoV-2 is immunogenic in patients under immunosuppression, and is not related to the development of ADRs. We also suggest that the booster dose could be used to increase the efficacy of the vaccination, particularly in women.
Vertigo in children is a challenging topic. The lack of dedicated trials, guidelines and papers causes inhomogeneity in the treatment of vertigo in children. Meniere's disease, migraine equivalents, ...vestibular neuritis, paroxysmal positional benign vertigo (BPPV), persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) and motion sickness may affect children with various degrees of incidence and clinical severity compared to adults. Several drugs are proposed for the management of these conditions, even if their use is subordinated to the child's age. In this review, we summarize the existing evidence related to the use of drugs for this clinical condition in children as a start point for new trials, stating the urgent need for international guidelines.
Afferent proprioceptive signals, responsible for body awareness, have a crucial role when planning and executing motor tasks. Increasing evidence suggests that proprioceptive sensory training may ...improve motor performance. Although this topic had been partially investigated, there was a lack of studies involving the wrist joint. Proprioception at the wrist level is particularly relevant to interact with the environment through actions that require an accurate sense of position and motion, and fine haptic perception. In this study, we implemented and tested a robotic training algorithm of human wrist proprioception. The proposed task was a continuous tracking in the workspace identified by flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation movements. Healthy subjects were haptically guided towards the target, without any visual feedback of the position of the end- effector. Our results showed that, after the training, participants improved their motor performance in a different tracking task, completely active and with visual feedback Additionally, the training led them to more efficient use of kinesthetic feedback during haptically-guided reaching tasks. Our findings demonstrated that the proposed training algorithm of wrist proprioception induced a task-specific sensorimotor enhancement. From the perspective of a rehabilitative intervention, this robot-based training has the potential to improve motor functions and the quality of life of subjects with sensorimotor deficits.
Background Few studies have investigated functional and behavioural variables of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) in a large sample of individuals. The aim of this study is to provide greater ...insight into the clinical, behavioural and cognitive characteristics that are associated with CdLS.
Methods In total, 56 individuals with CdLS participated in the study. During hospitalization, their mothers received a number of questionnaires to complete. The behavioural phenotype was investigated using the following scales: Developmental Behaviour Scale Primary Carer Version; Autism Behaviour Checklist; Childhood Autism Rating Scale.
Results Our participants demonstrated some behavioural characteristics that are frequently associated with CdLS (hyperactivity, attention disorder, anxiety, compulsive disorders, self‐injurious behaviour and autistic‐like features). Our findings demonstrate the variability of behavioural characteristics in CdLS in addition to highlighting the contribution of some variables to both the CdLS behavioural profile and the developmental trajectory of the behavioural pattern.
Conclusions The behavioural characteristics identified in our sample were correlated with some clinical and functional aspects (chronological age, cognitive level and clinical phenotype). The variability of the behavioural profile in CdLS reflected the wide variability in cognitive and adaptive functioning across individuals and led us to conclude that there may be multiple behavioural phenotypes associated with the syndrome. Further comparative studies between CdLS and individuals with intellectual disability or other genetic syndromes may help to provide further understanding of the behavioural phenotype of CdLS.
L'erede Basile, Carlo Emanuele
stampa 1931 Publication
Web Resource
Fondo Bodrero P0306 - Biblioteca del Dipartimento di Filosofia FB.E.742 //Dedica manoscritta dell'autore: A Emilio Bodrero, con / umilta' non ostentata: / Carlo E. Basile / Roma 12 dicembre XIII
Several electronic-structure methods are available to study the photochemistry and photophysics of organic molecules. Among them, ADC(2) stands as a sweet spot between computational efficiency and ...accuracy. As a result, ADC(2) has recently seen its number of applications booming, in particular to unravel the deactivation pathways and photodynamics of organic molecules. Despite this growing success, we demonstrate here that care has to be taken when studying the nonradiative pathways of carbonyl-containing molecules, as ADC(2) appears to suffer from a systematic flaw.
We highlight a shortcoming of the (SCS)-ADC(2) method when studying the photophysics and photochemistry of carbonyl-containing molecules.
Boron–Nitrogen (B–N) Lewis adducts form a versatile family of compounds with numerous applications in functional molecules. Despite the growing interest in this family of compounds for optoelectronic ...applications, little is currently known about their photophysics and photochemistry. Even the electronic absorption spectrum of ammonia borane, the textbook example of a B–N Lewis adduct, is unavailable. Given the versatility of the light-induced processes exhibited by these molecules, we propose in this work a detailed theoretical study of the photochemistry and photophysics of simple B–N Lewis adducts. We used advanced techniques in computational photochemistry to identify and characterize the possible photochemical pathways followed by ammonia borane and extended this knowledge to the substituted B–N Lewis adducts pyridine-borane and pyridine-boric acid. The photochemistry observed for this series of molecules allows us to extract qualitative rules to rationalize the light-induced behavior of more complex B–N-containing molecules.
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