•Faster decolorization of AB-14 dye by AO and EC and follow pseudo-first order kinetic.•Faster and similar decolorization by EC and AO due to the generation of strong oxidant OH in the bulk.•Current ...density (j), Initial dye conc. (Co), NaCl conc. (CN), and pH affect the oxidation efficiency.•Synergy between coagulation and oxidation by OH and active chlorine species.
In this study, a laboratory scale for the treatment of a recalcitrant and toxic synthetic wastewater containing diazo dye, acid brown 14 (AB-14) has been comparatively performed by two electro-catalytic treatment processes, namely anodic oxidation (AO) and electrocoagulation (EC) using a new batch electrochemical cell. Additionally, the influence of several operating parameters such as; current density (j), initial dye concentration (Co), NaCl concentration (CN), and pH on the color removal efficiency and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are evaluated. The powerful capability of the AO and EC of AB-14 which related to the mechanistic reaction pathway is shown. The poor degradation is ascribed to higher Co and pH, while the enhancement of j and CN is responsible for better degradation of AB-14 dye. The results indicate that the EC is more effective than AO under the same operational condition. A kinetic model is developed for evaluation of the pseudo-first-order-rate constant (kapp) as a function of various operational parameters. The results emphasize the high efficiency of AO and EC and the clean processes which are hopeful alternative for the treatment of the large volume wastewater of the textile industry.
•Shallow geothermal water cooling was examined as cooling system for CPV module.•CPVC maximum module surface temperature reduced by about 30 °C.•(CPVC) module electrical and thermal efficiencies ...markedly improved.•The LCE for (CPVC) is enhanced by 12.20% using geothermal water cooling.•CO2 emissions was reduced by about 49209 g CO2/summer season.
Concentrating photovoltaic CPV system such as V-trough is utilized to decrease the area covered by expensive solar cell by replacing the equipment with cheap optics. As a result, the cell temperature rises, leading to a deterioration in both the lifetime and the efficiency. Cooling systems are needed to keep the cell temperature within the recommended limit. This paper describes a study that evaluates the performance of a V-trough PV concentrator integrated with a buried water heat exchanger BWHE cooling system. A special test rig was constructed and tested at Port Said, Egypt. Influence of cooling water was studied within flow rates ranging from 0.01 kg/s to 0.04 kg/s. The cooling system with a BWHE successfully reduced the maximum panel surface temperature from 72.5 °C without cooling to 47.2 °C, 45.5 °C, 41.8 °C and 39.3 °C at water cooling flow rates of 0.01 kg/s, 0.02 kg/s, 0.03 kg/s and 0.04 kg/s, respectively. In addition, the peak generated electrical power (GEP) increased by 18.6%, 20.9%, 23.5% and 28.3% compared with that of the uncooled panel at water cooling flow rates of 0.01 kg/s, 0.02 kg/s, 0.03 kg/s and 0.04 kg/s, respectively. The electrical and thermal efficiencies increased with increasing cooling water flow rates. An economic study was performed to evaluate the unit price of power. The results showed that the relative levelized cost of energy improved by 12.20% due to the proposed cooling system, which also helped reduce the global average CO2 emissions by approximately 49,209 g CO2/summer season.
This work deals with the studying the role of oxidizing agents through the comparative behavior of two anodic oxidation and electrocoagulation processes as a technological alternative for the ...decolorization of C.I Reactive Violet 2 dye. A typical mono azo dye is tested by using a new fixed bed batch self-gas stirred electrochemical cell. The optimum condition is obtained as current density = 79 A/m2, initial dye concentration = 100 mg/L, pH 7, and NaCl concentration = 2 g/L, for which the predicted color removal efficiencies are 94.71 and 99.8%, rate constants of 0.072 and 0.179 min−1 with half life time 9.36 and 3.87 min and achieved in 60 and 45 min as a time of reaction for anodic oxidation and electrocoagulation, respectively. The most enormous technique is electrocoagulation, achieving an almost total decolorization faster than anodic oxidation. Although the mechanisms of two processes are various manners, the results show that the pseudo-first-order rate kinetic oxidation that is fitted the best correlation of the decolorization rate of the dye. The relationship between decolorization and chemical oxygen demands reduction is finally discussed. This work indicates that two processes generally utilized in chemical industry and are a promising alternative for the treatment of the textile wastewater containing reactive dyes.
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•Faster decolorization of Reactive Violet 2 dye by two processses.•A new self gas stirred reactor for degradation of reactive dye by two processes.•Various operational conditions affect on the oxidation efficiency.•Up to 100% decolorization by the most powerful EC process.•Synergy between coagulation and oxidation by OH and active chlorine species.
This study investigates the application of electrocoagulation for the removal of cyanide from industrial waste solutions, utilizing a novel cell design and optimization via Response surface ...methodology. The electrocoagulation cell consists of two aluminum electrodes with a unique geometry that offers built-in cooling and uniform interelectrode gap. The Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the process parameters, including current density, initial cyanide concentration, pH, and sodium chloride concentration. The experimental results demonstrated a high efficiency of cyanide removal, reaching up to 98% within 120 min. The energy consumption was found to range between 2.5 and 24 kW∙h/m
3
of solution. The sludge produced from the process was characterized using FTIR, TEM, and EDX, revealing the presence of amorphous aluminum oxyhydroxides and small, agglomerated particles. The statistical analysis of the data using ANOVA confirmed the significance of the reduced quadratic model, with an
F
-value of 735.94 and a
P
-value of 0.0001. The optimization of the process resulted in the identification of the optimal conditions for maximum cyanide removal: time = 116 min; initial cyanide concentration = 175 mg/L; pH = 10; NaCl conc. = 2.2 g/L; and current density = 11.15 mA/cm
2
. This study provides valuable insights into the efficient removal of cyanide from industrial waste solutions using electrocoagulation, offering a promising approach for environmental protection and industrial waste management.
The sorption process of Co(II) onto nanoparticles of calcium silicate doped with 5% CuO treated by humic acid was evaluated using batch technique. This process follows the second order kinetic model. ...Equilibrium isotherm models of Co(II) sorption onto the modified composite was 208.91 mg/g. Negative value of free energy change (Δ
G
0
), confirms the spontaneous sorption of Co(II) ions onto the modified composite. The removal efficiency (
R
%) reached 96.9% using 0.5 g of the modified composite. Therefore, the composite could be used for treatment of radioactive waste containing
60
Co.
Abstract Aim Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD) and Sulfite oxidase deficiency (SOD) are rare autosomal recessive conditions of sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism with overlapping clinical ...features and emerging therapies. The clinical phenotype is indistinguishable and they can only be differentiated biochemically. MOCS1, MOCS2, MOCS3, and GPRN genes contribute to the synthesis of molybdenum cofactor, and SUOX gene encodes sulfite oxidase. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical, radiological, biochemical and molecular findings in patients with SOD and MoCD. Methods Detailed clinical and radiological assessment of 9 cases referred for neonatal encephalopathy with hypotonia, microcephaly, and epilepsy led to a consideration of disorders of sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism. The diagnosis of six with MoCD and three with SOD was confirmed by biochemical tests, targeted sequencing, and whole exome sequencing where suspicion of disease was lower. Results Novel SUOX mutations were detected in 3 SOD cases and a novel MOCS2 mutation in 1 MoCD case. Most patients presented in the first 3 months of life with intractable tonic-clonic seizures, axial hypotonia, limb hypertonia, exaggerated startle response, feeding difficulties, and progressive cystic encephalomalacia on brain imaging. A single patient with MoCD had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hitherto unreported with these diseases. Interpretation Our results emphasize that intractable neonatal seizures, spasticity, and feeding difficulties can be important early signs for these disorders. Progressive microcephaly, intellectual disability and specific brain imaging findings in the first year were additional diagnostic aids. These clinical cues can be used to minimize delays in diagnosis, especially since promising treatments are emerging for MoCD type A.
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