Measurement of Sea Waves Rossi, Giovanni Battista; Cannata, Andrea; Iengo, Antonio ...
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland),
12/2021, Letnik:
22, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Sea waves constitute a natural phenomenon with a great impact on human activities, and their monitoring is essential for meteorology, coastal safety, navigation, and renewable energy from the sea. ...Therefore, the main measurement techniques for their monitoring are here reviewed, including buoys, satellite observation, coastal radars, shipboard observation, and microseism analysis. For each technique, the measurement principle is briefly recalled, the degree of development is outlined, and trends are prospected. The complementarity of such techniques is also highlighted, and the need for further integration in local and global networks is stressed.
The monitoring of sea state conditions, either for weather forecasting or ship seakeeping analysis, requires the reliable assessment of the sea spectra encountered by the ship, either as a final ...result or intermediate step for the measurement of the relevant wave-motion parameters. In current analyses, different spectrum estimation methods, namely the Welch, Thomson and ARMA models, have been applied and compared based on a set of random wave signals, with different durations, representative of several sea state conditions. Subsequently, two sea spectrum reconstruction techniques were described and applied in order to detect the main sea state parameters, namely the significant wave height, the mean wave period and the spectrum peak enhancement factor. The performances of both spectral analysis and sea state reconstruction methods are discussed in order to provide some preliminary guidelines for practical application purposes. In this respect, based on current results, the Welch and Thomson methods seem to be the most promising techniques, combined with the nonlinear least-square reconstruction technique.
Special populations (SPs) involve people who require additional consideration in clinical research. Effectiveness of treatment or occurrence of side effects may be different in SPs with respect to ...not-SPs.
To retrospectively compare the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in AD treatment of SPs versus not-SPs.
A 52-weeks retrospective study was performed enrolling patients with a diagnosis of moderate-to-severe AD undergoing treatment with dupilumab at labeled dosage. Patients were divided in Group A (SPs patients) and Group B (not-SPs patients). Disease severity was assessed using Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI), Pruritus-Numerical Rating Scale (P-NRS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score at baseline and after 4 weeks (W4), W16, W24, and W52.
A total of 263 patients were enrolled and divided in Group A (25) and Group B (238). SPs included history of cancer, severe kidney failure, viral hepatitis, neurological diseases, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and transplanted patients. A statistically significant reduction of EASI, DLQI, and P-NRS was assessed in both groups at each follow-up visit (p < .0001), without significant differences between the groups. No differences were recorded for safety.
There are not significant differences between SPs and not-SPs as regards effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in AD management.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incurable disease which affects millions of people in industrialized countries. Anecdotal and scientific evidence suggests that Cannabis use may have a positive ...impact in IBD patients. Here, we investigated the effect of cannabigerol (CBG), a non-psychotropic Cannabis-derived cannabinoid, in a murine model of colitis. Colitis was induced in mice by intracolonic administration of dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS). Inflammation was assessed by evaluating inflammatory markers/parameters (colon weight/colon length ratio and myeloperoxidase activity), by histological analysis and immunohistochemistry; interleukin-1β, interleukin-10 and interferon-γ levels by ELISA, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by western blot and RT-PCR; CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by a colorimetric assay. Murine macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells were used to evaluate the effect of CBG on nitric oxide production and oxidative stress, respectively. CBG reduced colon weight/colon length ratio, myeloperoxidase activity, and iNOS expression, increased SOD activity and normalized interleukin-1β, interleukin-10 and interferon-γ changes associated to DNBS administration. In macrophages, CBG reduced nitric oxide production and iNOS protein (but not mRNA) expression. Rimonabant (a CB1 receptor antagonist) did not change the effect of CBG on nitric oxide production, while SR144528 (a CB2 receptor antagonist) further increased the inhibitory effect of CBG on nitric oxide production. In conclusion, CBG attenuated murine colitis, reduced nitric oxide production in macrophages (effect being modulated by the CB2 receptor) and reduced ROS formation in intestinal epithelial cells. CBG could be considered for clinical experimentation in IBD patients.
Optimal vision and ergonomics are important factors contributing to achievement of good results during neurosurgical interventions. The operating microscope and the endoscope have partially filled ...the gap between the need for good surgical vision and maintenance of a comfortable posture during surgery. Recently, a new technology called video-assisted telescope operating monitor or exoscope has been used in cranial surgery. The main drawback with previous prototypes was lack of stereopsis. We present the first case report of cranial surgery performed using the VITOM 3D, an exoscope conjugating 4K resolution view and three-dimensional technology, and discuss advantages and disadvantages compared with the operating microscope.
A 50-year-old patient with vertigo and headache linked to a petrous ridge meningioma underwent surgery using the VITOM 3D. Complete removal of the tumor and resolution of symptoms were achieved. The telescope was maintained over the surgical field for the duration of the procedure; a video monitor was placed at 2 m from the surgeons; and a control unit allowed focusing, magnification, and repositioning of the camera.
VITOM 3D is a video system that has overcome the lack of stereopsis, a major drawback of previous exoscope models. It has many advantages regarding ergonomics, versatility, and depth of field compared with the operating microscope, but the holder arm and the mechanism of repositioning, refocusing, and magnification need to be ameliorated. Surgeons should continue to use the technology they feel confident with, unless a distinct advantage with newer technologies can be demonstrated.
Upward Planar Morphs Da Lozzo, Giordano; Di Battista, Giuseppe; Frati, Fabrizio ...
Algorithmica,
10/2020, Letnik:
82, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We prove that, given two topologically-equivalent upward planar straight-line drawings of an
n
-vertex directed graph
G
, there always exists a morph between them such that all the intermediate ...drawings of the morph are upward planar and straight-line. Such a morph consists of
O
(1) morphing steps if
G
is a reduced planar
st
-graph,
O
(
n
) morphing steps if
G
is a planar
st
-graph,
O
(
n
) morphing steps if
G
is a reduced upward planar graph, and
O
(
n
2
)
morphing steps if
G
is a general upward planar graph. Further, we show that
Ω
(
n
)
morphing steps might be necessary for an upward planar morph between two topologically-equivalent upward planar straight-line drawings of an
n
-vertex path.
AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role because, following ...post-transcriptional editing at the Q607 site, it renders heteromultimeric AMPARs Ca
-impermeable, with a linear relationship between current and trans-membrane voltage. Here, we report heterozygous de novo GRIA2 mutations in 28 unrelated patients with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome-like features, and seizures or developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). In functional expression studies, mutations lead to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to wild-type channels. When GluA2 subunits are co-expressed with GluA1, most GRIA2 mutations cause a decreased current amplitude and some also affect voltage rectification. Our results show that de-novo variants in GRIA2 can cause neurodevelopmental disorders, complementing evidence that other genetic causes of ID, ASD and DEE also disrupt glutamatergic synaptic transmission.
This article offers an exploration of the theoretical and methodological implications related to the concept of digital embodiment in the field of contemporary communication. It seeks to analyze a ...crucial intersection between the virtual and material dimensions of human experience, enabling a deeper understanding of how bodies are shaped, visualized, and experienced in the digital age. Specifically, through this conceptual lens, we examine how human bodies are engaged in continuous interaction with digital technologies, giving rise to new forms of presence and identity. Therefore, we will seek to analyze how the personalization of the body within political communication has been profoundly affected by the virtualization of human experience. Next, we will introduce a new approach, useful for studying this fusion, that can emphasize the importance of analyzing this issue using ethnography, which is useful for fully understanding the complex dynamics surrounding the personalized digital body.
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