Automated driving is one of the main drivers in the automotive industry. On the way to full automation current Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving Systems (ADS) backed by ...new and enhanced sensor systems take over more and more driving tasks. Developers and engineers are challenged with the increasing Operational Design Domain (ODD) of their systems. The application of these systems has become a daunting task, as a manifold of new situations has to be covered. The number of application parameters has skyrocketed and their scopes are intertwined and not always visible to the vehicle's driver. Virtual, simulation based approaches are on the rise to give developers another tool for the application of their systems. In order to retrieve valid evaluations from the simulation, current research focuses on objectifying the subjective passenger assessments that so far were only conceivable in real world driving tests. Furthermore, with objective and comparable simulation results on statistically significant data samples, application parameters whose effects are not clearly visible in real world driving tests can now be applied systematically and justified. We propose a process reference model for the virtual application of predictive control features with a clear focus on the quality and representativity of the virtual application.
Abstract 4176
Subcutaneous (s.c.) body-weight adjusted as well as fixed dose low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been proven to be at least as ...effective and safe as intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH). We hypothesized that the anticoagulant effects of LMWH may accumulate during a 9 days fixed dose therapy in patients with acute VTE.
Ten patients received 8,000 IU LMWH certoparin bid s.c. for 9±1 days after having given written informed consent. The local ethics committee accepted the study protocol. Serial blood and urine were collected at days 2 and 9 and daily before and after the morning administration of the anticoagulant. The pharmacodynamic parameters were analysed on the anti-factor Xa S2222 method (aXa), heptest, thrombin generation inhibition assay (TGIA), and tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity (TFPI). The area under the activity time curves (AUC) of the parameters was compared at days 2 and 9.
LMWH reached steady state levels of the S2222 and heptest assay within 24 hrs. aXa, heptest, TGIA and TFPI were 22%, 38%, 13% and 22% higher at day 9 compared to day 2. The elimination half-lives of aXa and heptest and the aXa excreted into the urine did not differ between days 2 and 9, respectively. The AUC of the aXa did not correlate with the body weight of the patients.
Fixed dose, body weight-independent subcutaneous LMWH accumulated to some extend after 9 days of treatment in patients with acute VTE. However, the results of the clinical trials with the LMWH certoparin did not show more bleeding complications compared to UFH. Therapy with LMWH for more than 10 days may require dose reduction.
Harenberg:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi Aventis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche Diagnostics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bayer Health Care: Consultancy, Honoraria. Abletshauser:Novartis: Employment.
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) combine both a powerful engine and the ability to reduce fuel consumption through an electric machine by intelligent control of a complex drive train. The driving ...strategy controls the speed and the operating strategy controls the energy management of the HEV. Both are combined in one optimization. The result is a driver assistance system that is tuned with predictive information about the upcoming route. A novel algorithm based on dynamic programming (DP) is presented that allows real-time application by introducing heuristic model-based optimization space reductions. The main focus is on the design and dimensioning of a slim DP algorithm with the capability to find an optimal control in close real-time.
Aus dem Vorwort der Autoren: " bereits in früheren Auflagen sind uns auch bei dieser Auflage der Motivationscharakter und die Einfachheit der Ausführungen wichtiger als exakte Beweise und technische ...Freiheiten. Wir glauben, dass die vorliegende Auflage für den praxisorientierten Studenten, auch ohne große mathematische Kenntnisse, attraktiver und besser lesbar geworden ist. Dennoch sind wir der Meinung, dass die Theorie der Operations Research nur von der mathematischen Seite her wirklich verstanden und gewürdigt werden kann. Es ist daher auch die fünfte Auflage nach wie vor an den gleichen Leserkreis wie die früheren Auflagen gerichtet, an die Studenten verschiedenster Fachrichtungen (Ingenieurswesen, Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften sowie mathematische Wissenschaften), die sich manchmal angesichts des riesigen Wortschwalls ihrer Studiengebiete nach einem bißchen mathematischer Klarheit sehnen. Die einzelnen Kapitel lassen sich auf vielfältige Art und Weise zu Kursen oder zum Selbststudium zusammenstellen, da das Buch sehr flexibel angelegt ist. Teil eins liefert eine Einführung in die Thematik des Operations Research. Teil zwei (über lineare Programmierung) und auch Teil drei (über mathematische Programmierung) lassen sich unabhängig von Teil vier (über stochastische Modelle) durcharbeiten."
Standortwahl im Luftfrachtnetzwerk Bauer, Kai Philipp; Reinhart, Gunther
Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb,
12/2018, Letnik:
113, Številka:
12
Magazine Article
Recenzirano
Kurzfassung
Die Luftfracht gewinnt für produzierende Unternehmen im Zuge der fortschreitenden Internationalisierung an Bedeutung. Gleichzeitig verfügen nur wenige Unternehmen über die Kompetenz, die ...Konfiguration ihres Logistiksystems auf die speziellen Erfordernisse des Verkehrsträgers Luft hin anzupassen. Die Praxis verlangt nach einem geeigneten Vorgehen, um die Chancen und Potenziale der Luftfracht durch die Auswahl des richtigen Logistikstandorts optimal nutzen zu können.
