Cemento-osseous dysplasia is a benign fibro-osseous lesion of the tooth-bearing region of the jaws with a periodontal ligament origin. It appears predominantly in Black and Asian middle-aged females. ...Its importance is that it could mimic a periapical lesion in the early, translucent stage.
In this report a rare case of familial cemento-osseous dysplasia is presented: a 50-years old Caucasian woman with labial paraesthesia and radiological translucency around the roots of the mandibular incisors and the first molar teeth. The lesion around the first molar was diagnosed as periapical granuloma and a root canal treatment was carried out. The diagnosis of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia and the treatment plan based on two- and three-dimensional radiographic examinations were certified histologically after surgical removal of the lesion. We screened the family members - including the patient's mother, daughter and son - and identified a periapical version of cemento-osseous dysplasia in the daughter. Our case highlights the difficulties of differential diagnosis of cemento-osseous dysplasia and other periapical pathologies. The inconsistencies in the present classification of cemento-osseous dysplasia are also discussed with a proposal for a different classification based on new aspects that would be very helpful in setting up a correct treatment plan.
Differentiation of endodontic and non-endodontic origin of radiolucency and distinguishing it from anatomical landmarks by appropriate clinical evaluation and using vitality testing can give an opportunity to prevent unnecessary endodontic treatment. The current categories of cemento-osseous dysplasia classification do not cover the early stage of a hereditary florid form of cemento-osseous dysplasia. Instead of anatomical location of the lesion, clinical and genetic features may be recommended as parameters of cemento-osseous dysplasia classification.
Epidemiological and phenomenological studies suggest shared underpinnings between multiple addictive behaviors. The present genetic association study was conducted as part of the Psychological and ...Genetic Factors of Addictions study (
= 3003) and aimed to investigate genetic overlaps between different substance use, addictive, and other compulsive behaviors. Association analyses targeted 32 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, potentially addictive substances (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and other drugs), and potentially addictive or compulsive behaviors (internet use, gaming, social networking site use, gambling, exercise, hair-pulling, and eating). Analyses revealed 29 nominally significant associations, from which, nine survived an FDRbl correction. Four associations were observed between FOXN3 rs759364 and potentially addictive behaviors: rs759364 showed an association with the frequency of alcohol consumption and mean scores of scales assessing internet addiction, gaming disorder, and exercise addiction. Significant associations were found between GDNF rs1549250, rs2973033, CNR1 rs806380, DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 variants, and the "lifetime other drugs" variable. These suggested that genetic factors may contribute similarly to specific substance use and addictive behaviors. Specifically, FOXN3 rs759364 and GDNF rs1549250 and rs2973033 may constitute genetic risk factors for multiple addictive behaviors. Due to limitations (e.g., convenience sampling, lack of structured scales for substance use), further studies are needed. Functional correlates and mechanisms underlying these relationships should also be investigated.
Statins are used to treat hypercholesterolemia, with several pleiotropic effects. Alongside their positive effects (for example, decreasing blood pressure), they can also bring about negative ...effects/symptoms (such as myopathy). Their main mechanism of action is inducing apoptosis, the key step being the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. This can be facilitated by oxidative stress, through which glutathione is oxidized. In this research, glutathione was used as a respiratory substrate to measure the mitochondrial oxygen consumption of rat liver with an O2 electrode. The reduction of cytochrome c was monitored photometrically. Hydrophilic (pravastatin) and lipophilic (simvastatin) statins were used for the measurements. Pravastatin reduces the reduction of cytochrome c and the oxygen consumption of the mitochondria, while simvastatin, on the other hand, increases the reduction of cytochrome c and the mitochondrial oxygen consumption. The results make it seem probable that statins influence the mitochondrial oxygen consumption through cytochrome c. Simvastatin could enhance the oxidizing capacity of free cytochrome c, thereby increasing oxidative stress and thus facilitating apoptosis. The observed effects could further the understanding of the mechanism of action of statins and thereby aid in constructing optimal statin therapy for every patient.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a condition that severely affects the quality of life, therefore an early diagnosis is of utmost importance (both from a general and a surgical ...point of view), alongside with an accurate assessment of the risk of emergence of the disease.
Estimation of the prognosis is not resolved; among several radiological options those used in dentistry seem the most fit for the purpose, with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) being superior in this task. Assessment of the risk of BRONJ developed following orally applied bisphosphonate is unemphatic in most case studies - these focus more on the intravenous application carrying a greater risk of BRONJ.
In contrast with the studies published so far, we performed our measurements on preoperative CBCT scans, thereby directly studying the possibility of risk assessment. Our measurements were conducted through evaluating CBCT scans. We chose the frontal section in the midline of the mental foramen as the representative area. We measured density and thickness of the cortical bone on several given points; the diameter of the mental foramen was also measured. In the first group, we examined patients suffering from osteoporosis who had developed BRONJ following oral bisphosphonate treatment. In the second group, we looked at patients suffering from osteoporosis, who had received oral bisphosphonate therapy for this condition but did not develop BRONJ after oral surgery. As control group, we chose patients suffering from osteoporosis who had not received any of the medications known to cause BRONJ.
Based on our results, it is clear that there is no significant difference in the bone density of those patients who developed BRONJ and those who did not, examining the preoperative CBCT scans.
Using CBCT scans (and thereby submitting the patient to radiation exposure) in order to estimate the possibility of BRONJ following oral bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis is not recommended. It is important not to expose patients to more radiation than strictly necessary to predict BRONJ following oral bisphosphonate treatment in accordance with the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(21): 867-872.
Our research group developed a novel nano-pitted (NP) TiO2 surface on grade 2 titanium that showed good mechanical, osteogenic, and antibacterial properties; however, it showed weak hydrophilicity. ...Our objective was to develop a surface treatment method to enhance the hydrophilicity of the NP TiO2 surface without the destruction of the nano-topography. The effects of dilute and concentrated orthophosphoric (H3PO4) and nitric acids were investigated on wettability using contact angle measurement. Optical profilometry and atomic force microscopy were used for surface roughness measurement. The chemical composition of the TiO2 surface and the oxidation state of Ti was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ccH3PO4 treatment significantly increased the wettability of the NP TiO2 surfaces (30°) compared to the untreated control (88°). The quantity of the absorbed phosphorus significantly increased following ccH3PO4 treatment compared to the control and caused the oxidation state of titanium to decrease (Ti4+ → Ti3+). Owing to its simplicity and robustness the presented surface treatment method may be utilized in the industrial-scale manufacturing of titanium implants.
A common genetic basis of various substance and behavioral addictions has long been suggested considering the rate of co-occurrences and the overlaps in psychological and molecular mechanisms. The ...goal of the current study is to investigate possible genetic overlaps between different types of substance-related, addictive and compulsive behaviors conducted as part of the Psychological and Genetic Factors of Addictions (PGA) study. The genetic analysis of both substance and behavioral addictions was conducted within the same cohort of 3003 Hungarian young adults. Participants were assessed for a wide range of potentially addictive substances (nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, and other drugs) and potentially addictive behaviors (internet use, gaming, social networking site use, gambling, exercising, hair-pulling and eating) in order to investigate possible shared genetic factors utilizing the large sample of the PGA study. A Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) was also calculated for the participants based on a set of 11 genetic polymorphisms in order to estimate addiction vulnerability risk scores for possible future prevention strategy as well as personalized pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy.
The genetic association analysis included 32 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected from earlier GWAS and candidate gene association studies in the literature in order to best represent the expected distribution pattern of the various phenotypes assessed in the sample. The genotyping was carried out by the The QuantStudio™ 12K Flex OpenArray® System, fluorescent intensities were evaluated by the QuantStudio 12K Flex Software and the Thermo Fisher Cloud service. The genetic association analysis was conducted applying an allele-wise design. The phenotype measures were assessed using multiple questionnaires. The GARS score was calculated based on the risk scores of 11 genetic variants (SNPs and VNTRs).
The statistical analyses revealed 29 nominally significant genetic associations, from which nine survived FDRbl correction for multiple testing. Four of the nine significant associations were observed between the FOXN3 rs759364 SNP and certain potentially addictive behavioral traits: frequency of alcohol consumption and mean scores of scales assessing internet addiction, gaming disorder and exercise addiction. Significant associations were found between GDNF rs1549250, rs2973033, CNR1 rs806380 and DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 variants and the ‘lifetime other drugs’ variable. The GARS score was calculated for each participants and significant score differences have been identified between different subgroups of the cohort.
The results indicate a pleiotropic effect, ie. that certain genetic factors may contribute to multiple forms of addiction. Based on the presented results, rs759364 of FOXN3 is shown to constitute genetic risk for increased alcohol consumption, internet use, gaming and exercise, while rs1549250, rs2973033 of GDNF may be non-specific genetic risk factors for various types of addictive behaviors. The GARS scoring is a useful tool to evaluate the individual susceptibility for substance use disorders. Future studies should examine functional correlates and potential mechanisms underlying these relationships.
Our research group developed a novel nano-pitted (NP) TiO
surface on grade 2 titanium that showed good mechanical, osteogenic, and antibacterial properties; however, it showed weak hydrophilicity. ...Our objective was to develop a surface treatment method to enhance the hydrophilicity of the NP TiO
surface without the destruction of the nano-topography. The effects of dilute and concentrated orthophosphoric (H
PO
) and nitric acids were investigated on wettability using contact angle measurement. Optical profilometry and atomic force microscopy were used for surface roughness measurement. The chemical composition of the TiO
surface and the oxidation state of Ti was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ccH
PO
treatment significantly increased the wettability of the NP TiO
surfaces (30°) compared to the untreated control (88°). The quantity of the absorbed phosphorus significantly increased following ccH
PO
treatment compared to the control and caused the oxidation state of titanium to decrease (Ti
→ Ti
). Owing to its simplicity and robustness the presented surface treatment method may be utilized in the industrial-scale manufacturing of titanium implants.
Our research group developed a novel nano-pitted (NP) TiOsub.2 surface on grade 2 titanium that showed good mechanical, osteogenic, and antibacterial properties; however, it showed weak ...hydrophilicity. Our objective was to develop a surface treatment method to enhance the hydrophilicity of the NP TiOsub.2 surface without the destruction of the nano-topography. The effects of dilute and concentrated orthophosphoric (Hsub.3 POsub.4 ) and nitric acids were investigated on wettability using contact angle measurement. Optical profilometry and atomic force microscopy were used for surface roughness measurement. The chemical composition of the TiOsub.2 surface and the oxidation state of Ti was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ccHsub.3 POsub.4 treatment significantly increased the wettability of the NP TiOsub.2 surfaces (30°) compared to the untreated control (88°). The quantity of the absorbed phosphorus significantly increased following ccHsub.3 POsub.4 treatment compared to the control and caused the oxidation state of titanium to decrease (Tisup.4+ → Tisup.3+ ). Owing to its simplicity and robustness the presented surface treatment method may be utilized in the industrial-scale manufacturing of titanium implants.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A ATF é uma fração polissacarídica extraída do cogumelo Agaricus blazei, rica em (1®6)-b-D-glucana, à qual se atribui ação imunoestimulante. No presente trabalho avaliamos os efeitos antitumoral e imunomodulador da ATF em camundongos BALB/c com tumor subcutâneo de Ehrlich. O tratamento consistiu de 3 aplicações de ATF (0,5ug/0,1ml) no sítio de implantação tumoral (Ehr/ATF), enquanto os animais do grupo Ehr foram tratados do mesmo modo com solução salina estéril. No período de 7 ou 14 dias após a implantação do tumor, os animais foram sacrificados para a avaliação do peso tumoral, análise histopatológica, avaliação da atividade proliferativa de esplenócitos e produção de citocinas in vitro. O tratamento foi capa z de inibir o crescimento do tumor em relação ao grupo Ehr e a análise histopatológica indica diferenças entre os 2 grupos em relação à presença de células gigantes, freqüência de figuras mitóticas e de células apoptóticas. Em relação aos parâmetros imunológicos, observamos que os animais tratados com ATF (grupos Ehr/ATF e ATF) apresentaram menor atividade linfoproliferativa que o grupo controle e essa supressão foi observada também nos animais com tumor tratados com solução salina (Ehr). A capacidade de pr odução de IL-10 mostrou-se aumentada no grupo Ehr, fenômeno parcialmente revertido pela administração de ATF. Não se observou, entretanto, efeito sobre a produção de IFN-g ou de TNF-a. Avaliações in vitro indicam que a ATF não apresenta atividade citotóxica direta sobre esplenócitos de animais normais e nem sobre as células tumorais, embora apresente atividade anti-proliferativa quando em concentração elevada (25 ug). Assim, nossos resultados sugerem que a ação antitumoral da fração ATF não se reflete em imunoestimulação das células do baço, entretanto podemos...
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