An analysis of methods for solving various problems connected with erosion due to the action of ship propulsors is presented. The results of the study can be used for the removal of oil drops from ...under ice including when using sediments for refloating ships with the jets produced by vessel propulsors, as well as for limiting the operation mode of propulsors in aquatic areas for averting their secondary pollution.
Resolution of a variety of acute bacterial and parasitic infections critically relies on the stimulation of myelopoiesis leading in cases to extramedullary hematopoiesis. Here, we report the ...isolation of the earliest myeloid-restricted progenitors in acute infection with the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi. The rapid disappearance of these infection-induced myeloid progenitors from the bone marrow (BM) equated with contraction of the functional myeloid potential in that organ. The loss of BM myelopoiesis was not affected by the complete genetic inactivation of toll-like receptor signaling. De-activation of IFN-γ signaling completely abrogated the contraction of BM myeloid progenitors. Radiation chimeras of Ifngr1-null and control BM revealed that IFN-γ signaling in an irradiation-resistant stromal compartment was crucial for the loss of early myeloid progenitors. Systemic IFN-γ triggered the secretion of C-C motif ligand chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 leading to the egress of early, myeloid-committed progenitors from the bone marrow mediated by their common receptor CCR2. The mobilization of myeloid progenitors initiated extramedullary myelopoiesis in the spleen in a CCR2-dependent manner resulting in augmented myelopoiesis during acute malaria. Consistent with the lack of splenic myelopoiesis in the absence of CCR2 we observed a significant persistence of parasitemia in malaria infected CCR2-deficient hosts. Our findings reveal how the activated immune system mobilizes early myeloid progenitors out of the BM thereby transiently establishing myelopoiesis in the spleen in order to contain and resolve the infection locally.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Huntingtin is a protein that is mutated in Huntington's disease (HD), a dominant inherited neurodegenerative disorder. We previously proposed that, in addition to the gained toxic activity of the ...mutant protein, selective molecular dysfunctions in HD may represent the consequences of the loss of wild-type protein activity. We first reported that wild-type huntingtin positively affects the transcription of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, a cortically derived survival factor for the striatal neurons that are mainly affected in the disease. Mutation in huntingtin decreases BDNF gene transcription. One mechanism involves the activation of repressor element 1/neuron-restrictive silencer element (RE1/NRSE) located within the BDNF promoter. We now show that increased binding of the RE1 silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF) repressor occurs at multiple genomic RE1/NRSE loci in HD cells, in animal models, and in postmortem brains, resulting in a decrease of RE1/NRSE-mediated gene transcription. The same molecular phenotype is produced in cells and brain tissue depleted of endogenous huntingtin, thereby directly validating the loss-of-function hypothesis of HD. Through a ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation)-on-chip approach, we examined occupancy of multiple REST/NRSF target genes in the postmortem HD brain, providing the first example of the application of this technology to neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we show that attenuation of REST/NRSF binding restores BDNF levels, suggesting that relief of REST/NRSF mediated repression can restore aberrant neuronal gene transcription in HD.
A possible CP violation effects in neutral currents are predicted in a wide class of theories Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). If such a violation will be discovered, it may shed light on the problem ...of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. In this paper, an Effective Field Theory (EFT) approach is used to parameterize the BSM Zγ interaction. The optimal observables technique is applied to probe the CP-even and CP-odd anomalous EFT operator within the NTGC phenomenological model. Additional cut requirements on the photon transverse momentum pT were considered in order to enhance the possible BSM signal.
It is necessary to exclude the occurrence of significant waves in the inner water area of the port and at the berthing facilities when designing breakwaters. The article presents the results of the ...calculations of water movement in the harbor area. The most secure options for the location of the port entrance and its size for a given object were identified. The possibility of using the FLOW - 3D program to select planned and constructive solutions at the stage of the preliminary layout of the port water area is substantiated.
Studies in many areas of particle and astroparticle physics require a good knowledge of hadron spectra produced at small angles to the primary particle direction, e.g. in the TeV energy range at the ...LHC. The present work is dedicated to development of a particle identification technique based on the transition radiation produced by highly relativistic particles. Dedicated experimental studies were carried out and simulation models were developed to reproduce experimental data obtained with different prototypes. On the basis of these studies, the possibility of making detectors able to provide hadron composition measurement with high accuracy and identify particles with high efficiency in the forward experiments at the LHC was demonstrated. Two concepts of large scale TRDs are proposed: the straw TRD and the GaAs/straw TRD. They allow the reconstruction of hadron spectra with accuracy about or below 1% and to identify particles with high efficiency in individual events. As an example, suppression of the combinatorial background was demonstrated for the D0→K−π+ and D̄0→K+π− decays.
After the Higgs boson discovery at the LHC, a lot of additional measurements should be performed to understand in detail the properties of the observed particle. Searches for CP violation in ...different physics sectors are one of the most promising and important parts of these measurements. Associated Higgs boson production in pp collisions can be a powerful tool for searches for possible CP violation in the Higgs sector. In this paper, the study of CP sensitive observables constructed for a four lepton final state is presented. It is shown that azimuthal angle distributions of leptons in this process demonstrate a strong sensitivity to CP violation at the current limits on Higgs boson coupling parameters and can reveal a genuine mechanism of CP violation.
The upper layer of bottom sediments in the northeastern Kara Sea is studied. It is shown that the sediment composition is dominated by silt, while the percentage of sand increases towards the coast. ...The organic carbon content (average value 1.1 wt %) is close to the average content in Kara Sea sediments, increasing at deep-sea stations. The linear correlation found between the organic carbon content and surface area of sediments shows adsorption on particle surfaces and is the predominant form of organic matter (OM) accumulation in the sediments. The average n-alkane concentration in the analyzed samples is 1.1 μg/g of sediment; the distribution spectrum is dominated by odd high-molecular homologues of terrigenous origin.
The article summarizes data on the suspended particulate matter content and dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations in Kara Sea water for 2007–2022. A difference in the distributions ...of dissolved (DOC) and particulate (POC) organic carbon in the water column during autumn (September) and spring–summer (July–August) was revealed. An increase in dissolved organic carbon concentrations was recorded both on the surface and in the water column in summer. Analysis of the dependences of DOC concentrations on salinity showed that the increase in these concentrations is not associated with an increase in DOC concentrations in river runoff water. There was also a significant increase in DOC and POC concentrations in phytoplankton bloom zones throughout the water column. Thus, a relationship has been identified between seasonal increases in organic matter concentrations in the open part of the sea and phytoplankton bloom processes.
The CP conserving Zγγ and ZZγ couplings in the SM and MSSM models at loop level were investigated. For the both models, the coupling parameters h3Z, h3γ, f5γ were estimated for the energy ranges, ...accessible at the LHC. Extension of the considered energy range up to 14 TeV leads to a possibility to constrain theories by using experimental limits on anomalous couplings from the LHC experiments. It was found that in order to constrain the parameters of the MSSM model, a measurement accuracy of the order of 10−7 is required.
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