Neuroserpin is a novel serine protease inhibitor of the serpin family. It has been reported as a 55-kDa glycoprotein that is secreted from the axons of cultured central and peripheral nervous system ...neurons.In situhybridization and Northern blot analyses at different developmental stages of the chicken revealed that neuroserpin is predominantly expressed in the nervous system and that most cells expressing neuroserpin can be qualified asbona fideneurons. We have isolated the full-length cDNA for human neuroserpin from a fetal retina cDNA library. The open reading frame of the cDNA of human neuroserpin, like that of its chicken counterpart, encodes a protein of 410 amino acids. The human and the chicken neuroserpin exhibit an amino acid sequence identity of 80%. Northern blot analysis of human organs demonstrated predominant expression of neuroserpin in the brain. By fluorescencein situhybridization the human neuroserpin gene (HGMW-approved symbol PI12) was mapped to region q26 of chromosome 3.
Delocalization in doubly aromatic compounds: Bishomotriboriranide 1 is the first carbene analogue of boron (a borenate ion) characterized in solution (NMR) and in the solid state (X‐ray). With the ...3c–2e π bond and 3c–2e π bond that involves the borenate center of 1* and the neighboring BB unit, 1 belongs to the class of doubly aromatic compounds. The (hypothetical) classical borenate 1* without these delocalizations is estimated to be about 90 kcal mol−1 higher in energy than 1 (Dur = 2,3,5,6‐tetramethylphenyl).
Glucose responsive polymer brushes were synthesized on gold substrates and microcantilever arrays. The response properties of these brushes were evaluated by exposing them to different glucose ...concentrations for a range of pH values. This work demonstrates the potential for polymer brush-functionalized micromechanical cantilevers as glucose detectors. Furthermore, the work demonstrates that stimulus-responsive polymer brushes on micromechanical cantilevers have a significantly larger bending response due to glucose binding compared with self-assembled monolayers.
We describe the synthesis of glucose-responsive PNIPAAM-
co
-PAA-PBA brushes and show their promising potential for the detection of glucose in micro-cantilever based assays.
This study was performed in order to test the hypothesis that the mineralocorticoid hormone stimulates the expression of Na,K-ATPase in the cochlea of the mouse. Immunohistochemistry was used to ...investigate the distribution of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the cochlea of the C57Bl/J6 mouse at different ages between gestational day 19 and postnatal day 30, and the occurrence and distribution of Na,K-ATPase in the inner ear of a mouse with a null mutation of the MR. Adult patterns of staining for MR were found as early as on gestational day 19 in the cochlea, with small changes thereafter. MR was detected in the same structures in the cochlea as Na,K-ATPase in earlier studies, where the amount of Na,K-ATPase increased after postnatal day 4. Thus there is latency between the increase of MR and the increase of Na,K-ATPase. In the cochlea of the MR deficient mouse, antibody labelling of Na,K-ATPase showed no significant difference as compared to the control wild type mouse. The hypothesis that mineralocorticoid hormone alone via MR stimulates the formation of Na,K-ATPase in the inner ear could not be confirmed by this study, and other regulating mechanisms must be considered.
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a functional defect of the ALD Protein (ALDP), an ABC half-transporter localized in the peroxisomal membrane. It is characterized by defective, very long ...chain fatty acid (VLCFA) β-oxidation, resulting in progressive cerebral demyelination. Since individual mutations in the ALD gene may result in a variety of clinical phenotypes, the existence of modifying genetic factors has been proposed. The adrenoleukodystrophy related protein (ALDRP), a close homolog of ALDP, has been shown to complement the defect of VLCFA oxidation if transfected into X-ALD cells or chemically induced in ALDP-deficient mice. Chemical ALDRP induction holds a potential for a novel therapeutic stragegy. We report here the exclusively peroxisomal localization of human ALDRP, the full length cDNA, the transcriptional start, and 2.4 kb of the putative promoter region DNA sequence. The human ALDR gene extends over 33 kb on chromosome 12q12 and consists of 10 exons. The gene structure is highly similar to the ALD gene, indicating a recent divergence from a common ancestor. The putative human promoter sequence contains a novel motif conserved in peroxisomal ABC transporters in the mouse. Our data will enable sequence analysis in X-ALD patients to determine a possible role of ALDRP as a modifier and provide tools for the study of therapeutic ALDRP induction.
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