The LHCb Outer Tracker is a gaseous detector covering an area of 5 x 6 m super(2) with 12 double layers of straw tubes. The detector with its services are described together with the commissioning ...and calibration procedures. Based on data of the first LHC running period from 2010 to 2012, the performance of the readout electronics and the single hit resolution and efficiency are presented. The efficiency to detect a hit in the central half of the straw is estimated to be 99.2%, and the position resolution is determined to be approximately 200 mu m. The Outer Tracker received a dose in the hottest region corresponding to 0.12 C/cm, and no signs of gain deterioration or other ageing effects are observed.
In the context of the KM3NeT Design Study and building on the experience with the data acquisition system of the ANTARES telescope, an alternative readout and DAQ architecture has been developed for ...deep-sea neutrino telescopes. The system relies on sensor technology using photonic readout and a 10
Gb/s optical network for data acquisition and communication. Compared to ANTARES, more functionality has been migrated to the shore, thus allowing for timely deployment of the telescope components and easy access to the system during the long lifetime of neutrino telescopes. Also the reconfiguration of the DAQ system is located on shore. Timing calibration is an integral part of the network architecture providing an event timing integrity with less than 1
ns. Although developed for use in the deep-sea, the concept of the system can be used in other applications, e.g. in the LHC experiments.
A sensor architecture for neutrino telescopes de Wolf, E.; Berbee, E.; Berkien, A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
01/2011, Letnik:
626
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In the Mediterranean Sea the ANTARES telescope is operating since 2006. Building on the success of this telescope and on the experiences of the DUMAND, IceCube, NEMO and NESTOR projects, a design for ...a new generation deep-sea neutrino telescope has been developed, which relies on the paradigm of the neutrino telescope as a giant sensor. Slender flexible strings with optical sensors form the basic building blocks for the telescope. The sensor concept has been implemented using photonic technologies for readout, data acquisition and communication, which allow for migration of functionalities from the deep-sea to the shore. This is one of the detector designs options developed during the EU funded KM3NeT Design Study. We will present its concept and implications for the detector as a whole.
The front end electronics of the LHCb straw tube tracker Berkien, A.; Deppe, H.; Dupree, T. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2010, Letnik:
617, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The LHCb experiment is a single-arm spectrometer, designed to study
B-hadron decays at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It is crucial to accurately and efficiently track the charged decay products ...with the Outer Tracker straw tube detector, in the high-density particle environment of the LHC. The Outer Tracker Front End electronics provide the precise (0.5
ns) drift-time measurement, at an average occupancy of 5% and at a 1
MHz trigger rate. The tracking procedure requires high-efficiency, while at the same time putting stringent limits on the noise level. The mass production and installation of 450 fully operational Front End boxes is completed. Quality checks have been performed at several stages, at the level of individual boards and at the global level with dedicated test systems mimicking the real detector and capable of simulating all the readout functionalities. An excellent overall threshold uniformity is achieved with low noise levels.
The first prototype of a photo-detection unit of the future KM3NeT neutrino telescope has been deployed in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea. This digital optical module has a novel design ...with a very large photocathode area segmented by the use of 31 three inch photomultiplier tubes. It has been integrated in the ANTARES detector for in-situ testing and validation. This paper reports on the first months of data taking and rate measurements. The analysis results highlight the capabilities of the new module design in terms of background suppression and signal recognition. The directionality of the optical module enables the recognition of multiple Cherenkov photons from the same
40
K decay and the localisation of bioluminescent activity in the neighbourhood. The single unit can cleanly identify atmospheric muons and provide sensitivity to the muon arrival directions.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The prototype detection unit of the KM3NeT detector Adrián-Martínez, S; Ageron, M; Aharonian, F ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
01/2016, Letnik:
76, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A prototype detection unit of the KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescope has been installed at 3500m depth 80 km offshore the Italian coast. KM3NeT in its final configuration will contain several ...hundreds of detection units. Each detection unit is a mechanical structure anchored to the sea floor, held vertical by a submerged buoy and supporting optical modules for the detection of Cherenkov light emitted by charged secondary particles emerging from neutrino interactions. This prototype string implements three optical modules with 31 photomultiplier tubes each. These optical modules were developed by the KM3NeT Collaboration to enhance the detection capability of neutrino interactions. The prototype detection unit was operated since its deployment in May 2014 until its decommissioning in July 2015. Reconstruction of the particle trajectories from the data requires a nanosecond accuracy in the time calibration. A procedure for relative time calibration of the photomultiplier tubes contained in each optical module is described. This procedure is based on the measured coincidences produced in the sea by the Formula omittedK background light and can easily be expanded to a detector with several thousands of optical modules. The time offsets between the different optical modules are obtained using LED nanobeacons mounted inside them. A set of data corresponding to 600 h of livetime was analysed. The results show good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations of the expected optical background and the signal from atmospheric muons. An almost background-free sample of muons was selected by filtering the time correlated signals on all the three optical modules. The zenith angle of the selected muons was reconstructed with a precision of about 3 Formula omitted.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In the context of the KM3NeT Design Study and building on the experience with the data acquisition system of the ANTARES telescope, an alternative readout and DAQ architecture has been developed for ...deep-sea neutrino telescopes. The system relies on sensor technology using photonic readout and a 10 Gb/s optical network for data acquisition and communication. Compared to ANTARES, more functionality has been migrated to the shore, thus allowing for timely deployment of the telescope components and easy access to the system during the long lifetime of neutrino telescopes. Also the reconfiguration of the DAQ system is located on shore. Timing calibration is an integral part of the network architecture providing an event timing integrity with less than 1 ns. Although developed for use in the deep-sea, the concept of the system can be used in other applications, e.g. in the LHC experiments.
The LHCb Outer Tracker is a gaseous detector covering an area of 5x6 m2 with 12 double layers of straw tubes. The detector with its services are described together with the commissioning and ...calibration procedures. Based on data of the first LHC running period from 2010 to 2012, the performance of the readout electronics and the single hit resolution and efficiency are presented. The efficiency to detect a hit in the central half of the straw is estimated to be 99.2%, and the position resolution is determined to be approximately 200 um. The Outer Tracker received a dose in the hottest region corresponding to 0.12 C/cm, and no signs of gain deterioration or other ageing effects are observed.
In the Mediterranean Sea the ANTARES telescope is operating since 2006. Building on the success of this telescope and on the experiences of the DUMAND, IceCube, NEMO and NESTOR projects, a design for ...a new generation deep-sea neutrino telescope has been developed, which relies on the paradigm of the neutrino telescope as a giant sensor. Slender flexible strings with optical sensors form the basic building blocks for the telescope. The sensor concept has been implemented using photonic technologies for readout, data acquisition and communication, which allow for migration of functionalities from the deep-sea to the shore. This is one of the detector designs options developed during the EU funded KM3NeT Design Study. We will present its concept and implications for the detector as a whole.
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