Research question and the most important issue in this paper relates to the determination of CO2 emission drivers in EU and the possibility of its reduction in the era of the fourth industrial ...revolution. EU strategies and economic policies are directed toward sustainable development, with special emphasis on reducing CO2 emissions towards carbon neutrality. The method used in this research is the Panel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) two-step dynamic estimator on 27 EU countries in the period 2012–2019. The research resulted with the following findings: innovation activity, industrial structure and development, human capital, and institutional framework; these are all statistically associated with CO2 emission levels in a negative manner, thus, contribute significantly to the reduction in CO2 emissions. Following the empirical results, it may be concluded that reaching sustainable development goals requires the EU to enhance innovation activity, technological development, reshape its industrial structure, create high-quality human capital, and increase the quality of its public institutions.
This research investigates competitiveness of sugar manufacturing companies of the European Union (EU). Sugar industry represents a vital part of the EU food and beverages industry. The aim of the ...research is to show how EU sugar producers can be more competitive on internal and global sugar market. The methodology includes dynamic panel data models using sample covering up to 189 sugar manufacturing companies from 25 EU Member States in the period 2008-2016. The key results demonstrate different impact of technology (Research and development activity), investments, sugar beet production, costs of employees, gas and sugar beet prices on average revenue of the EU sugar industry. The results confirm the importance of inputs such as natural gas, revenues from the previous period and investments as key factors of EU sugar industry competitiveness. The proposals and recommendations are presented after research results.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between foreign direct investment in tourism and tourism gross value added in Croatia. The study employed econometric techniques, ...such as the unit root test, Johansen co-integration, and the Granger causality test, in a vector error correction model (V.E.C. model), and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test in a vector autoregressive model (V.A.R. model), using quarterly time-series data from 2000(1) to 2012(4). The results confirm the existence of a stable co-integrated relationship between variables in the long term. A short-term relationship was also proved between foreign direct investment in tourism and gross value added, using the Toda-Yamamoto causality test. By including control variables, the two-way causality between the subject variables was proven using the Granger causality test.
Svrha istraživanja bila je utvrditi postoji li pozitivan odnos izmeðu poduzetničke orijentacije i inovativnosti u hrvatskim izvoznim poduzećima. Za potrebe istraživanja koristi se trostupanjski ...stratificirani slučajni uzorak, a za analizu podataka korištena je regresijska analiza. Struktura korelacije izmeðu pojedinačnih odgovora i pojedinih skupina odgovora analizirana je kanonskom analizom i klaster analizom. Podaci su prikupljeni od 303 hrvatska poduzeća pomoću upitnika sa stopom odgovora od 35,31%. Rezultati potvrðuju da postoji pozitivna povezanost izmeðu poduzetničke orijentacije i inovativnosti u hrvatskim poduzećima. U kontekstu ovog istraživanja, vjerojatno je da se poduzetnička orijentacija povezana s inovativnim aktivnostima poduzeća može pozitivno odraziti u stvaranju i održavanju dobre poslovne klime te jačanju konkurentnosti na meðunarodnom tržištu.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between innovativeness and export in Croatian companies. The study involved 303 Croatian export companies from the manufacturing industry and ...the information and communication technology sector. The survey was conducted using the survey method over the last three months of 2016. For this purpose, Spearman rank correlation, the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test and canonical analysis were used. The results show that there is a positive relationship between innovativeness and export in Croatian companies. The results offer theoretical and managerial implications. This research has practical implications for Croatian companies to increase their efficiency and innovativeness. Value is reflected in the relationship between innovativeness and export and there is an important research gap in the literature on international trade, entrepreneurship and management. In the context of this research, it is likely that innovativeness influences a companys export activities, which can be positively reflected in creating and maintaining their competitive advantage on the international market.
The key goal of this research is to empirically determine the effects of terrorism on FDI of the selected EU and EEA member countries. The methodology is based on a system-GMM estimator for dynamic ...panel data models on a sample covering up to 29 countries, and 13-year periods from 2000 to 2013. The main results confirm that terrorism incidents, economic and institutional variables are found to depress FDI of analysed EU and EEA countries. It can be concluded that terrorism and institutional stability are most influential on FDI inflows of the observed EU and EEA countries. The results indicate that terrorist activities reduce security and confidence of investors in countries exposed to terrorist activities, reducing the inflow of foreign direct investment. The recommendations and proposals are given based on the results of empirical analysis.//Glavni cilj istrazivanja je empirijski odrediti ucinke terorizma na izravna strana ulaganja (FDI) odabranih EU i EEA zemalja. Metodologija se temelji na primjeni sistemskog GMM procjenitelja dinamicke panel analize, obuhvaca grupu od 29 zemalja, razdoblje od 13 godina i to u periodu od 2000. do 2013. godine. Glavni rezultati potvrduju kako teroristicki incidenti, ekonomske i institucionalne varijable utjecu na izravna strana ulaganja promatranih EU i EEA zemalja. Moze se zakljuciti kako su terorizam i institucionalna stabilnost zabiljezile najznacajniji utjecaj na priljev FDI promatranih EU i EEA zemalja. Rezultati ukazuju kako teroristicke aktivnosti smanjuju sigurnost i povjerenje ulagaca u zemlje koje mogu biti pod utjecajem teroristickih aktivnosti, smanjujuci im priljev inozemnih direktnih ulaganja. Preporuke i prijedlozi su dane temeljem rezultata empirijske analize. Reprinted by permission of the University of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, Ivana Filipovica 4, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Research question and the most important issue in this paper relates to the determination of COsub.2 emission drivers in EU and the possibility of its reduction in the era of the fourth industrial ...revolution. EU strategies and economic policies are directed toward sustainable development, with special emphasis on reducing COsub.2 emissions towards carbon neutrality. The method used in this research is the Panel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) two-step dynamic estimator on 27 EU countries in the period 2012–2019. The research resulted with the following findings: innovation activity, industrial structure and development, human capital, and institutional framework; these are all statistically associated with COsub.2 emission levels in a negative manner, thus, contribute significantly to the reduction in COsub.2 emissions. Following the empirical results, it may be concluded that reaching sustainable development goals requires the EU to enhance innovation activity, technological development, reshape its industrial structure, create high-quality human capital, and increase the quality of its public institutions.
Measuring the universities' knowledge transfer performance is important for both policymakers and universities due to the recognized social and economic impact of the knowledge transfer process. The ...aim of this paper is to investigate and discuss the contemporary knowledge transfer metrics used for measuring the knowledge transfer activities at universities. The research results show that the universities need to consider several important aspects when selecting and reporting on their knowledge transfer activities, such as the purpose and continuity of data collection and reporting on knowledge transfer activities, internal and external context in which universities operate, and implementation of common definitions for knowledge transfer indicators. Additional aspects identified from the conducted research which are important for the overall assessment of the universities’ knowledge transfer performances are the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data on knowledge transfer activities, and harmonization of the knowledge transfer metrics that will enable the universities to measure and compare their knowledge transfer activities, nationally and internationally.
In today's dynamic, uncertain and heterogeneous environment, innovativeness is the foundation for the survival and prosperity of every company. The aim of the research was to examine the relationship ...between entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, learning orientation, innovativeness and business performance in companies. Data was collected from 303 Croatian companies using a questionnaire, with a response rate of 35.31%. The sampling method used for this research was stratified random sampling, and for data analysis canonical analysis and cluster analysis were used. In the context of this research it is likely that entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and learning orientation will have a positive effect on the company's' innovation activities, causing business performance to likely increase their competitive advantage on the market.
The aim of this research is to analyse the position and detect competitive advantages of Croatia's manufacturing industry in foreign exchange trading. The methodology of this research is based on the ...application of indices of openness to foreign trade and detected competitive advantages, as well as the complete analysis of the manufacturing industry structure of the Republic of Croatia. In order to analyse the competitive advantages of the manufacturing industry in the Republic of Croatia the following quantitative methods were used: Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), as a method for detecting comparative advantages of exporting goods of some countries, Export Competitiveness Indices (XS), as a method for measuring export competitiveness of the observed countries, Export Specialization Index (ES), as a method for comparing export activities of the manufacturing industry in the Republic of Croatia and the European Union, and the Relative Trade Advantage Index (RTA) that incorporates the RCA and the RMA indices. The main results of the research indicate competitive advantages detected by measuring, evaluation of the Croatian manufacturing industry particularly on foreign markets, recommendations and proposals in order to reach a higher level of export competitiveness. The main conclusion of this research is that there is a need to establish prerequisites and to define measures for structural changes in the Croatian manufacturing industry. Reprinted by permission of the University of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, Ivana Filipovica 4, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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