In the first decade of the 21st century, oil plants gained in importance to humans and the economy thanks to their growing share in the overall crop structure. Oil plants provide seeds used for food ...and energy purposes. Edible fats obtained from the oil plants are used, among other things, to manufacture edible oils, or as a raw material for making margarines, confectionery and bakery products, and canned food products. The processing of oil containing raw materials and the production of edible fats are currently the most dynamically developing branches of the Polish food industry. The production of edible fats in Poland is determined mainly by the production of rapeseed and agrimony oils, and of margarine. Poland is one of the top manufacturers of rapeseed oil in Europe. From among the 27 countries of the EU, Poland produces the second highest amount of margarine, or 15% of the total. The paper characterises the fat market and trade in Poland, comparing it with the world and EU fat markets. It presents the import and export of individual fat types along with the scale of their production and consumption. It also notes that consumers more often choose edible plant fats over edible animal fats, a decision which can be attributed to the promotion of healthy lifestyles.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Diss., 2010- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of ...restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
IMPORTANCE: Many patients receive suboptimal rehabilitation therapy doses after stroke owing to limited access to therapists and difficulty with transportation, and their knowledge about stroke is ...often limited. Telehealth can potentially address these issues. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether treatment targeting arm movement delivered via a home-based telerehabilitation (TR) system has comparable efficacy with dose-matched, intensity-matched therapy delivered in a traditional in-clinic (IC) setting, and to examine whether this system has comparable efficacy for providing stroke education. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this randomized, assessor-blinded, noninferiority trial across 11 US sites, 124 patients who had experienced stroke 4 to 36 weeks prior and had arm motor deficits (Fugl-Meyer FM score, 22-56 of 66) were enrolled between September 18, 2015, and December 28, 2017, to receive telerehabilitation therapy in the home (TR group) or therapy at an outpatient rehabilitation therapy clinic (IC group). Primary efficacy analysis used the intent-to-treat population. INTERVENTIONS: Participants received 36 sessions (70 minutes each) of arm motor therapy plus stroke education, with therapy intensity, duration, and frequency matched across groups. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Change in FM score from baseline to 4 weeks after end of therapy and change in stroke knowledge from baseline to end of therapy. RESULTS: A total of 124 participants (34 women and 90 men) had a mean (SD) age of 61 (14) years, a mean (SD) baseline FM score of 43 (8) points, and were enrolled a mean (SD) of 18.7 (8.9) weeks after experiencing a stroke. Among those treated, patients in the IC group were adherent to 33.6 of the 36 therapy sessions (93.3%) and patients in the TR group were adherent to 35.4 of the 36 assigned therapy sessions (98.3%). Patients in the IC group had a mean (SD) FM score change of 8.36 (7.04) points from baseline to 30 days after therapy (P < .001), while those in the TR group had a mean (SD) change of 7.86 (6.68) points (P < .001). The covariate-adjusted mean FM score change was 0.06 (95% CI, –2.14 to 2.26) points higher in the TR group (P = .96). The noninferiority margin was 2.47 and fell outside the 95% CI, indicating that TR is not inferior to IC therapy. Motor gains remained significant when patients enrolled early (<90 days) or late (≥90 days) after stroke were examined separately. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Activity-based training produced substantial gains in arm motor function regardless of whether it was provided via home-based telerehabilitation or traditional in-clinic rehabilitation. The findings of this study suggest that telerehabilitation has the potential to substantially increase access to rehabilitation therapy on a large scale. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02360488
•Diet supplementation with pomegranate seed oil leads to the increase of cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in livers of rats.•Pomegranate seed oil significantly decreases the activity of Δ5-desaturase and ...Δ6-desaturase in hepatic microsomes.•Pomegranate seed oil reduces activity of Δ5-desaturase and Δ6-desaturase in more potent way than CLA.•Pomegranate seed oil as a natural source of punicic acid (one of CLnA isomers) can become interesting alternative for CLA dietary supplements.
The aim of our study was to compare the influence of diet supplementation with pomegranate seed oil – as conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) source, or conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and to examine the mechanism of their activity. The content of fatty acids, levels of biomarkers of lipids’ oxidation and the activity of key enzymes catalyzing lipids metabolism were measured. Obtained results revealed that conjugated fatty acids significantly decrease the activity of Δ5-desaturase (p=0.0001) and Δ6-desaturase (p=0.0008) and pomegranate seed oil reduces their activity in the most potent way. We confirmed that diet supplementation with pomegranate seed oil – a rich source of punicic acid leads to the increase of cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in livers (p=0.0003). Lack of side effects and beneficial influence on desaturases activity and fatty acids profile claim pomegranate seed oil to become interesting alternative for CLA as functional food.
Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles that are able to photoreduce redox proteins by electron transfer (ET). QDs are also able to transfer energy by resonance energy transfer (RET). Here, we ...address the question of the competition between these two routes of QDs’ excitation quenching, using cadmium telluride QDs and cytochrome c (CytC) or its metal-substituted derivatives. We used both oxidized and reduced versions of native CytC, as well as fluorescent, nonreducible Zn(II)CytC, Sn(II)CytC, and metal-free porphyrin CytC. We found that all of the CytC versions quench QD fluorescence, although the interaction may be described differently in terms of static and dynamic quenching. QDs may be quenchers of fluorescent CytC derivatives, with significant differences in effectiveness depending on QD size. SnCytC and porphyrin CytC increased the rate of Fe(III)CytC photoreduction, and Fe(II)CytC slightly decreased the rate and ZnCytC presence significantly decreased the rate and final level of reduced FeCytC. These might be partially explained by the tendency to form a stable complex between protein and QDs, which promoted RET and collisional quenching. Our findings show that there is a net preference for photoinduced ET over other ways of energy transfer, at least partially, due to a lack of donors, regenerating a hole at QDs and leading to irreversibility of ET events. There may also be a common part of pathways leading to photoinduced ET and RET. The nature of synergistic action observed in some cases allows the hypothesis that RET may be an additional way to power up the ET.
Photosynthetic PSI-LHCI complexes from an extremophilic red alga C. merolae grown under varying light regimes are characterized by decreasing size of LHCI antenna with increasing illumination ...intensity 1. In this study we applied time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the kinetics of energy transfer processes in three types of PSI-LHCI supercomplexes isolated from the low (LL), medium (ML) and extreme high light (EHL) conditions. We show that the average rate of fluorescence decay is not correlated with the size of LHCI antenna and is twice faster in complexes isolated from ML-grown cells (~25–30 ps) than from both LL- and EHL-exposed cells (~50–55 ps). The difference is mainly due to a contribution of a long ~100-ps decay component detected only for the latter two PSI samples. We propose that the lack of this phase in ML complexes is caused by perfect coupling of this antenna to PSI core and lack of low-energy chlorophylls in LHCI. On the other hand, the presence of the slow, ~100-ps, fluorescence decay component in LL and EHL complexes may be due to the weak coupling between PSI core and LHCI antenna complex, and due to the presence of particularly low-energy or red chlorophylls in LHCI. Our study has revealed the remarkable functional flexibility of light harvesting strategies that have evolved in the extremophilic red algae in response to harsh or limiting light conditions involving accumulation of low energy chlorophylls that exert two distinct functions: as energy traps or as far-red absorbing light harvesting antenna, respectively.
•Light intensity during the growth affects the excited state lifetime of photosystem I.•Spectral composition of photosystem I chlorophylls depends on light conditions.•Low and high light stimulates spectral broadening of photosystem I towards red.
In the field of polymers and organometallic chemistry, a significant gap is apparent in the area of research on well‐defined metal complexes targeted for using in catalysis leading to olefinic ...oligomers and polymers. Here, we report on the use in these processes the dipicolinate oxovanadium(IV) complexes, without and with auxiliary ligands, i. e. 1,10‐phenanthroline and 2,2’‐bipyridine. The investigated complexes turned out to be versatile precatalysts. After reaction with appropriate activator, they exhibited 11 times higher a catalytic activity than reference vanadium(IV) complexes with salen ligands – so far, precatalysts from a group of vanadium(IV) complexes with the highest known catalytic activity for polymerization of ethylene. In the case of the oligomerization of polar monomers (2‐chloro‐2‐propen‐1‐ol and 3‐buten‐2‐ol) the complexes described in this report have a catalytic activity (very high) similar to vanadium(IV) complexes known in the literature.
The oxovanadium(IV) complexes: VO(dipic), VO(dipic)(phen), VO(dipic)(bipy) play role the precatalysts in both oligomerization and polymerization of olefinic monomers. The results shows that oxovanadium(IV) complexes belong to the group of catalysts with very high catalytic activity in these oligomerization processes. All oxovanadium(IV) complexes with EtAlCl2 or Et2AlCl are active toward ethylene.
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