This review presents the current knowledge on hypophosphatasia, a rare genetic disease of very variable severity (from lethal to mild) and clinical presentation, caused by defective production of ...tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). Hypophosphatasia can affect babies in utero as well as infants, children, and adults. The article first presents the genetics of TNSALP and its many known mutations underlying the disease. Then, it presents the epidemiology, classification, and clinical presentation of the six different forms of the disease (perinatal lethal, prenatal benign, infantile, childhood, adult, and odontohypophosphatasia) as well as the essential diagnostic clues. The last section on treatment presents a survey of the therapeutic approaches, up to the ongoing phase 2 studies of enzyme replacement therapy.
Emitted radiation and geometry Bianchi, L.; Billò, M.; Galvagno, F. ...
The journal of high energy physics,
01/2020, Letnik:
2020, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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A
bstract
In conformal
N
= 2 Super Yang-Mills theory, the energy emitted by an accelerated heavy particle is computed by the one-point function of the stress tensor operator in the presence of a ...Wilson line. In this paper, we consider the theory on the ellipsoid and we prove a conjectured relation between the stress tensor one-point function and the first order expansion of the Wilson loop expectation value in the squashing parameter. To do this, we analyze the behavior of the Wilson loop for a small deformation of the background geometry and, at first order in the deformation, we fix the kinematics using defect CFT constraints. In the final part of the paper, we analyze the consequences of our results for the weak coupling perturbative expansion. In particular, comparing the weakly coupled matrix model with the ordinary Feynman diagram expansion, we find a natural transcendentality driven organization for the latter.
The increasing need for new materials capable of solar fuel generation is central in the development of a green energy economy. In this contribution, we demonstrate that black TiO2 nanoparticles ...obtained through a one-step reduction/crystallization process exhibit a bandgap of only 1.85 eV, which matches well with visible light absorption. The electronic structure of black TiO2 nanoparticles is determined by the unique crystalline and defective core/disordered shell morphology. We introduce new insights that will be useful for the design of nanostructured photocatalysts for energy applications.
Abstract
Planetary nebulae (PNs) consist of an ionized envelope surrounding a hot central star (CSPN) that emits mostly at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths. UV observations, therefore, provide important ...information on both the CSPN and the nebula. We have matched the PNs in the Hong Kong/Australian Astronomical Observatory/Strasbourg H
α
catalog with the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) UV sky surveys, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 16, and the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) PS1 second release. A total of 671 PNs were observed by GALEX with the far-UV (FUV; 1344 Å–1786 Å) and/or the near-UV (NUV; 1771 Å–2831 Å) detectors on (GUVPNcat); 83 were observed by SDSS (PNcatxSDSSDR16) and 1819 by Pan-STARRS (PNcatxPS1MDS). We merged a distilled version of these matched catalogs into GUVPNcatxSDSSDR16xPS1MDS, which contains a total of 375 PNs with both UV and optical photometry over a total spectral coverage of ∼1540 Å–9610 Å. We analyzed separately 170 PNs resolved in GALEX images and determined their UV radius by applying a flux profile analysis. The CSPN flux could be extracted separately from the PN emission for 8 and 50 objects with SDSS and Pan-STARRS counterparts, respectively. The multiband photometry was used to distinguish between compact and extended PNs and CSPNs (binary CSPNs) by color–color diagram analysis. We found that compact PN candidates could be identified by using the
r
−
i
< − 0.4 and −1 < FUV−NUV < 1 colors, whereas binary CSPN candidates in given
T
eff
ranges (all with color
r
−
i
> −0.4) can be identified in the color region (FUV−NUV) ≤ 6(
r
−
i
)+1.3, −0.8 < FUV−NUV < 0.4, and
r
−
i
< 0.75.
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•Cu-MOF based S-scheme Cu-BTC/ZnWO4heterojunction was fabricated.•Tetracycline was completely removed by Cu-BTC/ZnWO4 within 60 min of sonophotocatalysis.•Photogenerated charge ...carrier separation is accelerated by the S-scheme heterojunction.•High stability and reasonable reuse potential were shown by the catalyst.•Demonstrated unprecedented efficacy in destroying tetracyline from hospital effluent water.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a significant class of porous, crystalline materials composed of metal ions (clusters) and organic ligands. The potential use of copper MOF (Cu-BTC) for the sonophotocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline (TC) antibiotic was investigated in this study. To enhance its catalytic efficiency, S-scheme heterojunction was created by combining Cu-BTC with Zinc tungstate (ZnWO4), employing an ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal method. The results demonstrated that the Cu-BTC/ZnWO4 heterojunction exhibited complete removal of TC within 60 min under simultaneous irradiation of visible light and ultrasound. Interestingly, the sonophotocatalytic degradation of TC using the Cu-BTC/ZnWO4 heterojunction showed superior efficiency (with a synergy index of ∼0.70) compared to individual sonocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation processes using the same heterojunction. This enhancement in sonophotocatalytic activity can be attributed to the formation of an S-scheme heterojunction between Cu-BTC and ZnWO4. Within this heterojunction, electrons migrated from Cu-BTC to ZnWO4, facilitated by the interface between the two materials. Under visible light irradiation, the built-in electric field, band edge bending, and coulomb interaction synergistically inhibited the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Consequently, the accumulated electrons in Cu-BTC and holes in ZnWO4 actively participated in the redox reactions, generating free radicals that effectively attacked the TC molecules. This study offers valuable perspectives on the application of a newly developed S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, demonstrating its effectiveness in efficiently eliminating diverse recalcitrant pollutants via sonophotocatalytic degradation.
The pandemic of COVID-19 is continuously spreading, becoming a worldwide emergency. Early and fast identification of subjects with a current or past infection must be achieved to slow down the ...epidemiological widening. Here we report a Raman-based approach for the analysis of saliva, able to significantly discriminate the signal of patients with a current infection by COVID-19 from healthy subjects and/or subjects with a past infection. Our results demonstrated the differences in saliva biochemical composition of the three experimental groups, with modifications grouped in specific attributable spectral regions. The Raman-based classification model was able to discriminate the signal collected from COVID-19 patients with accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity of more than 95%. In order to translate this discrimination from the signal-level to the patient-level, we developed a Deep Learning model obtaining accuracy in the range 89-92%. These findings have implications for the creation of a potential Raman-based diagnostic tool, using saliva as minimal invasive and highly informative biofluid, demonstrating the efficacy of the classification model.
A
bstract
We study local operator insertions on 1/2-BPS line defects in ABJM theory. Specifically, we consider a class of four-point correlators in the CFT
1
with SU(1
,
1
|
3) super- conformal ...symmetry defined on the 1/2-BPS Wilson line. The relevant insertions belong to the short supermultiplet containing the displacement operator and correspond to fluctuations of the dual fundamental string in
AdS
4
×
ℂP
3
ending on the line at the boundary. We use superspace techniques to represent the displacement supermultiplet and we show that superconformal symmetry determines the four-point correlators of its components in terms of a single function of the one-dimensional cross-ratio. Such function is highly constrained by crossing and internal consistency, allowing us to use an analytical bootstrap approach to find the first subleading correction at strong coupling. Finally, we use AdS/CFT to compute the same four-point functions through tree-level
AdS
2
Witten diagrams, producing a result that is perfectly consistent with the bootstrap solution.
An ultrasound-assisted method was used for synthesizing nanosized Pt-graphene oxide (GO)-TiO2 photocatalyst. The Pt-GO-TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by diffused reflectance spectroscopy, ...X-ray diffraction, N2 BET adsorption-desorption measurements, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic and sonophotocatalytic degradation of a commonly used anionic surfactant, dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS), in aqueous solution was carried out using Pt-GO-TiO2 nanoparticles in order to evaluate the photocatalytic efficiency. For comparison purpose, sonolytic degradation of DBS was carried out. The Pt-GO-TiO2 catalyst degraded DBS at a higher rate than P-25 (TiO2), prepared TiO2 or GO-TiO2 photocatalysts. The mineralization of DBS was enhanced by a factor of 3 using Pt-GO-TiO2 compared to the P-25 (TiO2). In the presence of GO, an enhanced rate of DBS oxidation was observed and, when doped with platinum, mineralization of DBS was further enhanced. The Pt-GO-TiO2 catalyst also showed a considerable amount of degradation of DBS under visible light irradiation. The initial solution pH had an effect on the rate of photocatalytic oxidation of DBS, whereas no such effect of initial pH was observed in the sonochemical or sonophotocatalytic oxidation of DBS. The intermediate products formed during the degradation of DBS were monitored using electrospray mass spectrometry. The ability of GO to serve as a solid support to anchor platinum particles on GO-TiO2 is useful in developing new photocatalysts.
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