Spontaneous rectal perforation is an extremely rare condition with only 65 reported cases. 1 2 The majority of reported cases are either iatrogenic or associated with rectal prolapse. 3 4 Other ...causes of rectal perforation include malignancy, diverticular disease, stercoral ulceration, trauma and ulcerative colitis.
Many early adolescents report consuming less than the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables a day, and up to one-third report skipping breakfast. Recent research suggests that children ...consider parents to be the gatekeepers of food choices, and that parents are important role models for children’s eating behaviors. This study examined perceived control over food choices, familial communication regarding healthy eating, and preferred sources of information about healthy eating in relation to eating behaviors. Data were obtained from 959 early adolescents attending health programs in the Midwest. Early adolescents who reported more frequent family discussions were more likely to report eating two or more vegetables per day (AOR=1.4, p
"To join or not to join": the euro debate has not yet proved a key electoral issue, but it continues to bubble beneath the surface of British politics debate and inflame the popular press. For ...joining the euro is widely perceived as the abandonment of the pound, and sterling is with good reason regarded as a powerful symbol of national independence. This article regards these questions, however, as increasingly irrelevant. Whatever decision is made about the euro, the way it is used and perceived will undergo radical change because of technology. Coins and notes are already becoming outmoded because of plastic cards and e-commerce and the future for financial transactions is electronic. This transformation of money, it is argued, affords new opportunities for national and even local currencies as well as international monetary systems.
There is a need for serious sustained and significant cultural change to take place within corporate, government and community sectors - change is designed to increase the rewards for all - we have ...to change the narrow emphasis on old economy growth in order to be sustainable in the future - moves towards socially responsible/ethical investing - increased stakeholder and shareholder engagement - greater transparency, accountability and inclusivity in business, government and civil society.
In this study, the authors present the biochemical, morphologic, and physiological analyses of a transgenic mouse model for retinal degeneration slow (RDS)-mediated retinitis pigmentosa caused by a ...proline 216 to leucine (P216L) amino acid substitution in rds/peripherin.
The authors assembled a mutant rds transgene that encodes rds/peripherin with a P216L substitution. Transgenic mice were generated on wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (rds-/+), and homozygous (rds-/rds-) null genetic backgrounds. These mice were analyzed biochemically, by light and electron microscopy, and by electroretinography.
In P216L-transgenic mice on a +/- background, the authors observed expression-level-dependent photoreceptor degeneration and outer-segment shortening. Expression of the P216L transgene on an rds-/+ background resulted in more severe photoreceptor degeneration and outer-segment dysplasia than seen in nontransgenic rds-/+ mutants. Severely dysplastic outer segments were detectable in P216L transgenics on an rds-/rds-null background. The reduction in b-wave amplitudes by electroretinography were well correlated with the degree of photoreceptor degeneration, but not outer-segment dysplasia in these different rds mutants.
The phenotype in P216L-transgenic mice on an rds-/+ genetic background probably is caused by a combination of two genetic mechanisms: a direct dominant effect of the P216L substituted protein, and a reduction in the level of normal rds/peripherin. The expression pattern of the normal and mutant genes in these animals is similar to that predicted for humans with RDS-mediated autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa. These mice may thus be considered an animal model for this disease.
US job growth is based on enormous turbulence, insecurity, and instability. The turbulence is caused by very high rates of innovation, both inside and outside of the manufacturing sector, while the ...innovation is causing a fundamental structural shift in the corporate population and in how jobs are created. There are tremendous opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurship. About 1.3 million new enterprises start up each year in the US. Millions of jobs have been created by small businesses. For European nations, there is much less turbulence, mobility, and entrepreneurship. The US and Europe differ greatly with regard to change, innovation, and job generation and have very different experiences at the micro level. Consequently, they must develop very different solutions to their problems over the next decade.
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