With the assistance of Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data analytics has evolved tremendously. The capability of dealing and processing humongous data by high performance computing systems results in ...great surge in applications of Big Data analytics in various fields spanning healthcare, automobile, computing, climatology, and space communications etc. The health care sector has been recently largely benefitted by this. Driven by the compounding growth as well as impact of Big Data analytics, we endeavor to map out the areas of health sector where Big Data analytics has been largely influential as well as is having the potential for ground-breaking applications. This work starts with fundamentals of IoT driven Big Data Analytics (BDA) as well as key constitutional elements which is then followed by an application overview in healthcare sector with a simultaneous emphasis on future expectations. Besides, the real time application of BDA with special reference to Covid-19 is comprehensively highlighted with recent examples. It is envisioned that the work will serve as a basic reference for IoT driven BDA in healthcare.
Accurate measurement of temperature is very essential in laboratory scale to industrial sector. Extensive research is under way in achieving higher accuracy. In this direction, we present a ...comprehensive and procedural performance analysis of two hetero-core spliced system in measurement of temperature in identical domain. Employing a single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) and its’ reverse arrangement multimode-single mode-multimode (MSM), we measure temperature in the range of 30°–80 °C. Through a facile intensity interrogation mechanism, the two arrangements are compared in terms of their sensing characteristics. It is found that the latter outperforms the former in terms of linearity. Apart from this, the resolution is also higher in case of the latter. All these findings are procedurally investigated and interpreted.
Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen, causes diverse community and nosocomial‐acquired human infections, including folliculitis, impetigo, sepsis, septic arthritis, endocarditis, ...osteomyelitis, implant‐associated biofilm infections and contagious mastitis in cattle. In recent days, both methicillin‐sensitive and methicillin‐resistant S. aureus infections have increased. Highly effective anti‐staphylococcal agents are urgently required. Lysostaphin is a 27 kDa zinc metallo antimicrobial lytic enzyme that is produced by Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus and was first discovered in the 1960s. Lysostaphin is highly active against S. aureus strains irrespective of their drug‐resistant patterns with a minimum inhibitory concentration of ranges between 0·001 and 0·064 μg ml−1. Lysostaphin has activity against both dividing and non‐dividing S. aureus cells; and can seep through the extracellular matrix to kill the biofilm embedded S. aureus. In spite of having excellent anti‐staphylococcal activity, its clinical application is hindered because of its immunogenicity and reduced bio‐availability. Extensive research with lysostaphin lead to the development of several engineered lysostaphin derivatives with reduced immunogenicity and increased serum half‐life. Therapeutic efficacy of both native and engineered lysostaphin derivatives was studied by several research groups. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic applications of native and engineered lysostaphin derivatives developed to eradicate S. aureus infections.
We describe the simulated data sample for the Photometric Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) Astronomical Time Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC), a publicly available challenge to ...classify transient and variable events that will be observed by the LSST, a new facility expected to start in the early 2020s. The challenge was hosted by Kaggle, ran from 2018 September 28 to December 17, and included 1094 teams competing for prizes. Here we provide details of the 18 transient and variable source models, which were not revealed until after the challenge, and release the model libraries at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2612896. We describe the LSST Operations Simulator used to predict realistic observing conditions, and we describe the publicly available SNANA simulation code used to transform the models into observed fluxes and uncertainties in the LSST passbands (ugrizy). Although PLAsTiCC has finished, the publicly available models and simulation tools are being used within the astronomy community to further improve classification, and to study contamination in photometrically identified samples of SN Ia used to measure properties of dark energy. Our simulation framework will continue serving as a platform to improve the PLAsTiCC models, and to develop new models.
We report here a novel experimental scheme for the measurement of strain that utilizes a simple intensity based interrogation system through use of optical fibers. Corresponding to splicing of a ...multimode fiber between two single mode fibers, the transmittance was measured by subjecting them to strain at multi points. The measurements corresponding to those multi points are found to mimic multimode interference, considerably. The set-up has the potential to be applied in crack propagation analysis.
The anisotropy in resonant tunneling transport through an electrostatic barrier in monolayer black phosphorus either in presence or in absence of an oscillating potential is studied. Non-perturbative ...Floquet theory is applied to solve the time dependent problem and the results obtained are discussed thoroughly. The resonance spectra in field free transmission are Lorentzian in nature although the width of the resonance for the barrier along the zigzag (Г-Y) direction is too thinner than that for the armchair (Г-X) one. Resonant transmission is suppressed for both the cases by the application of oscillating potential that produces small oscillations in the transmission around the resonant energy particularly at low frequency range. Sharp asymmetric Fano resonances are noted in the transmission spectrum along the armchair direction while a distinct line shape resonance is noted for the zigzag direction at higher frequency of the oscillating potential. Even after the angular average, the conductance along the Г-X direction retains the characteristic Fano features that could be observed experimentally. The present results are supposed to suggest that the phosphorene electrostatic barrier could be used successfully as switching devices and nano detectors.
Understanding disturbance effects on species diversity and functional diversity is fundamental to conservation planning but remains elusive. We quantified species richness, diversity, and evenness ...and functional richness, diversity, and evenness of riparian and upland plants along 24 small streams subjected to a range of anthropogenic disturbances in the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario, Canada. We included a total of 36 functional traits related to productivity, competitive ability, reproduction, disturbance tolerance, life history, and tolerance to habitat instability. Using nested ANOVA, we examined the response of diversity indices to disturbance and whether it followed the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH) and varied with habitat stability. We found that, like species richness and diversity, functional richness and diversity reached peaks at moderate disturbance intensity; functional diversity followed the predictions of the IDH. Second, disturbance–habitat‐stability coupling has very little effect on overall species and functional diversity, but the effect on particular life forms and functions may be significant. Since species richness and diversity patterns are context and system dependent, our findings should be most applicable to similar temperate riparian systems.
Antenatal care (ANC) during pregnancy and skilled birth attendance (SBA) during delivery are important policy concerns to reduce maternal deaths. Bangladesh is one of the developing countries which ...has made remarkable progress in both services during the last couple of decades by improving the SBA service rate from 16% in 2004 to 42.1% in 2014. However, this rate remains below the targeted level (50%) of the Health Population and Nutrition Sector Development Program set by the Ministry of the Health and Family Welfare of Bangladesh. This article explored the sociodemographic factors associated with the ANC and SBA service attainment. Furthermore, the possible implication of using ANC on SBA was also investigated.
The study followed a cross-sectional design using the Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2014, with a sample of size 4603 women with at least one live birth 3 years preceding the survey.
Following a bivariate analysis, linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the outcome indicators (ANC and SBA). Finally, the association between SBA and ANC was evaluated through another mixed-effect model.
Wealth index, participation in household decisions, and partner's and respondent's education were significant predictors of ANC; whereas, residence, age at first birth, wealth index, working status, participation in household decisions, and partner and respondent's education were significant for SBA. Female education and household affordability were the strongest predictors for both ANC and SBA. ANC showed significant association with SBA as women accessing essential ANC during delivery seemed to be 4 times more likely (95% confidence interval: 3.05–5.93) to avail SBA services.
Overall, four factors were significant: residence, wealth index, education, and ANC access. Women residing in urban areas, having higher financial solvency, completing higher education, and accessing ANC by skilled personnel were more likely to receive SBA at delivery than their counterparts. Accessibility to skilled care during pregnancy leads to increased professional care during delivery. Thus, policies to encourage women and heads of families to seek skilled care during pregnancy would be beneficial to reach the maternal healthcare targets of Bangladesh.
•Antenatal care receivers were more likely to seek skilled birth attendance service.•This service was accessed more frequently by women in urban than rural areas.•Education and wealth were significant markers for this service.•Early maternal care should be emphasized in the health policy of Bangladesh.
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We report here a low-cost evanescent field wave fiber optic temperature sensor. The amount of rays guided along the fiber probe is the result of the absorption of evanescent waves produced at the ...core-cladding interface. We systematically investigate the wavelength dependence of this sensor during the measurement of the temperature. The degree of variation with respect to the temperature is also determined by alteration of measuring liquid. We observe an enhanced responsivity of the fiber sensor towards a higher wavelength side. The sensor set-up offers simultaneous detection of refractive indices when correlated with temperature variation. All the results reported here bear a good repeatability.
The main aim of this research was to study the dynamics of K release from waste mica inoculated with potassium solubilizing microorganism (Bacillus mucilaginosus) and to investigate its effectiveness ...as potassic-fertilizer using sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) var Sudanensis as test crop grown under two Alfisols. Results revealed that application of mica significantly enhanced biomass yield, uptake and per cent K recoveries by sudan grass than control (no-K). Biomass yield, uptake and per cent K recoveries increased further when mica was inoculated with bacterial strain in both the soils than uninoculated mica. Alfisol from Hazaribag recorded higher yield, uptake and K recoveries than Alfisol from Bhubaneswar. The dynamics of K in soils indicated that K was released from mica to water-soluble and exchangeable pools of K due to inoculation of mica with Bacillus mucilaginosus in both the soils. Significantly greater amounts of water-soluble, exchangeable and non-exchangeable K were maintained in Alfisol from Hazaribag than Bhubaneswar. Release kinetics of K showed significant release of K from mica treated with bacterial strain. Significant correlation between biomass yield, K uptake by sudan grass and different pools of K in soils were observed. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates greater dissolution of mica due to inoculation of Bacillus mucilaginosus strain in both the soils. Thus, bio-intervention of waste mica could be an alternative and viable technology to solubilize insoluble K into plant available pool and used efficiently as a source of K-fertilizer for sustaining crop production and maintaining soil potassium.
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