The present article, classified as theoretical–conceptual applied, of descriptive nature, aims to mapping and analyze, through scientometry, the international scientific production that addresses the ...integration between public policies for family agriculture production and food and nutrition security in the period from January 1990 until the present day. Therefore, a portfolio survey was carried out through the search system of the Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct databases, comprising the terms “Food and Nutrition Security”, “Public Policy” and “Family Agricult*”, combined in pairs, following the Methodi Ordinatio research methodology. Then, a systematic analysis was performed to identify the behavior of the publications related to the theme over these almost 30 years. To explore the issue, we analyzed nine variables of interest. It was noticed that the subject is of interest to several areas of study, besides a global concern, and the studies developed in Brazil are highlighted in the international scenario. This study contributes as a justification for the integration between public policies of food and nutrition security and family agriculture production to be strengthened, both in the formulation of government strategies, as well as in social and academic research, by applying a systematic preparation process of a scientific portfolio.
Advice to stay active is the primary management strategy for sciatica. Other conservative treatments such as neural management techniques may also contribute to sciatica recovery, but currently, the ...effects have not been robustly assessed. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of adding neural management to advice to stay active versus advice to stay active alone in improving pain intensity and functional limitation. Secondarily, to compare the effects of the experimental intervention in the sciatic neurodynamic, pain modulation, and psychosocial factors. A parallel-group, controlled, examiner-blinded superiority clinical trial randomised at a 1:1 allocation will be conducted in 210 participants with chronic sciatica. Patients will be recruited from outpatient physiotherapy clinics and community advertisements. The experimental group will receive neural mobilisation techniques and soft tissue mobilisation techniques for 30 minutes per session, 10 weekly sessions, plus advice to stay active on their activities of daily living, information on physical activity, imaging tests, and sciatica for 5 biweekly sessions lasting 25-30 minutes. The control group will receive advice to stay active only. The re-evaluation will be performed out after 5 weeks, 10 weeks, and 26 weeks after randomisation and primary endpoints will be pain intensity and functional limitation at 10 weeks. Secondary outcomes will include neuropathic symptoms, sciatic neurodynamic, pain modulation, and psychosocial factors. Adverse events and patient satisfaction will be assessed. Ethical approval has been granted from an Institutional Human Research Ethics Committee. Trial registration: Trial was prospectively registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (number: RBR-3db643c).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study, genetic diversity, inbreeding, spatial genetic structure (SGS), and pollen dispersal are analyzed using ten microsatellite loci from two populations of the dioecious, wind-pollinated, ...coniferous tree Araucaria angustifolia in Southern Brazil. The study populations include an undisturbed 7 ha A. angustifolia cluster, where all adult trees were mapped and sampled, and an adjacent, long-abandoned, open agricultural area with an aggregated A. angustifolia population. Seeds were collected from 13 seed trees inside the forest cluster and from eight seed trees in the open forest. Our results showed that the adults present high levels of heterozygosity (Hₒ = 0.91) and an absence of inbreeding. However, significant SGS was detected up to 90 m in the forest cluster suggesting that near-neighbor trees are related. The estimate of effective population size was lower than the total number of trees in the cluster (Nₑ/N = 0.19), which can be explained by the presence of SGS in the stand. Substantial external pollen flow was detected in the forest cluster (26 %) and open forest (20 %), indicating that the reproductive population size is greater than the sampled populations, explaining the high genetic diversity in this population. Our results indicate that this site has potential for in and ex situ conservation due to high levels of genetic diversity and gene immigration resulting from pollen flow. Conservation strategies for A. angustifolia should focus not only on forest fragments but should also include the preservation of isolated trees throughout the landscape.
New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
What are the effects of exercise training on the hepatic renin–angiotensin system and their contribution to damage resulting from fructose ...overload in rats?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Exercise training attenuated the deleterious actions of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme/angiotensin II/angiotensin II type 1 receptor axis and increased expression of the counter‐regulatory (angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2/angiotensin (1–7)/Mas receptor) axis in the liver. Therefore, our study provides evidence that exercise training modulates the hepatic renin–angiotensin system, which contributes to reducing the progression of metabolic dysfunction and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in fructose‐fed rats.
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in the development of metabolic syndrome. We investigated whether the hepatic RAS is modulated by exercise training and whether this modulation improves the deleterious effects of fructose overload in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into (n = 8 each) control (CT), exercise control (CT‐Ex), high‐fructose (HFr) and exercise high‐fructose (HFr‐Ex) groups. Fructose‐drinking rats received d‐fructose (100 g l−1). After 2 weeks, CT‐Ex and HFr‐Ex rats were assigned to a treadmill training protocol at moderate intensity for 8 weeks (60 min day−1, 4 days per week). We assessed body mass, glucose and lipid metabolism, hepatic histopathology, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activity, the angiotensin concentration and the expression profile of proteins affecting the hepatic RAS, gluconeogenesis and inflammation. Neither fructose overload nor exercise training influenced body mass gain and serum ACE and ACE2 activity. The HFr group showed hyperinsulinaemia, but exercise training normalized this parameter. Exercise training was effective in preventing hepatic steatosis and in preventing triacylglycerol and glycogen accumulation. Furthermore, exercise improved the response to the deleterious effects of HFr overload by normalizing the gluconeogenesis pathway and the protein levels of interleukin‐6 and tumour necrosis factor‐α. The HFr rats displayed increased hepatic ACE activity and protein expression and angiotensin II concentration, which were attenuated by exercise training. Exercise training restored the ACE2/angiotensin‐(1–7)/Mas receptor axis. Exercise training may favour the counter‐regulatory ACE2/angiotensin‐(1–7)/Mas receptor axis over the classical RAS (ACE/angiotensin II/angiotensin II type 1 receptor axis), which could be responsible for the reduction of metabolic dysfunction and the prevention of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease.
La Economía Solidaria se presenta como un modelo económico alternativo y ha sido un tema recurrente tanto en Latinoamérica y como en Europa. Sin embargo, no hay todavía una única definición aceptada ...con respecto a este modelo alternativo. En ocasiones se utilizan términos conceptualmente distintos, pero interconectados entre sí y, especialmente en relación a Economía Social. Así, el debate sobre la temática de los términos que definen las nuevas experiencias económicas, centradas en valores humanos y de solidaridad, que se oponen al modelo económico vigente, es muy relevante para el avance de esas nuevas formas de hacer economía. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el contexto de la Economía Solidaria a partir de las vertientes latinoamericana y europea. Para ello, se analizan los principales autores acerca del tema, con el fin de examinar los conceptos, definiciones y el reconocimiento legal de la Economía Solidaria en ambos continentes. Asimismo, se estudian las principales plataformas de la Economía Social y Solidaria a nivel nacional, regional y/o mundial. De los resultados, se observa la evolución del concepto de la Economía Solidaria en Latinoamérica y en Europa. Más allá de sus diferentes evoluciones, en ambos continentes la Economía Solidaria se presenta como una economía alternativa al sistema capitalista vigente, que muestra que es posible aportar la solidaridad a las relaciones económicas. Sin embargo, queda pendiente todavía un mayor debate sobre la delimitación conceptual y organizativa de la Economía Solidaria. Asimismo, actualmente ocho países de Latinoamérica y once de Europa reconocen legalmente la Economía Solidaria por medio de leyes, decretos, secretarias y/o institutos lo que muestra los avances realizados.
•Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) was not able to detect the deficit in the conditioned pain modulation.•Stabilization of client protein secretion.•CSI presented insufficient measurements of ...diagnostic accuracy.
The current study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity and the diagnostic accuracy of the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) in detecting the impairment of the pain modulation in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 267 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain enrolled consecutively in an outpatient department. The CSI (index method) were compared with the cold pressor test, which was the psychophysical test used to assess the conditioned pain modulation (CPM), (reference standard). Spearman's correlations assessed the concurrent validity, and measurements of the diagnostic accuracy were performed.
Ninety-three (34.8%) patients had CSI scores≥40. No significant correlation was found between CSI findings and the results of the CPT (dorsal forearm site or tibialis anterior site) was found. The cutoff point of 40 of the CSI showed values of sensitivity (35.1%, 95% CI: 22.6, 49.3) and specificity (65.2%, 95% CI: 58.4, 71.6) below 70%, and an accuracy of 59.1 (95% CI: 53.0, 65.1) when compared to the CPT to detect deficit. The ROC curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.63, P>0.05).
The CSI is a useless instrument to detect the deficit in the CPM in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain due to the absence of correlation with the psychophysical test result and the insufficient measurements of diagnostic accuracy.
Relationship among pH, aw and Maillard browning was investigated in processed potatoes ready-to-eat during cooking and sterilization in autoclave to prevent their colors changes. Central composite ...rotational design was used for optimization of color (L*, a* and b*), browning index and intermediate compounds index. Reduction in the L* value and increase in the a*, b* value and browning index, indicators for Maillard browning of the processed potatoes were mitigated at pH 4.0–5.0 and aw 0.96–1.00 and accelerated at pH less than 3.0 or more than 7.0 and aw less than 0.84. Formation of intermediate compounds was intensified at pH 5.0 and aw 0.99 and mitigated at pH 7.0 and aw 0.84. Adjustment of the pH to 5.0 and keeping aw at to 0.99 were the most effective parameters of to control Maillard browning in processed potatoes ready-to-eat.
This paper uses a theoretical-conceptual applied research framework to describe analyze scientific production in Brazil addressing the topic of the solidarity economy between 2000 and 2014. In order ...to achieve the objectives of the study, a search was performed in the Scielo database search engine to gather data and select articles that use the phrase “Solidarity Economy”. A bibliometric analysis was then carried out with the purpose of identifying the publications’ performance over the fifteen-year period. The aspects considered were the authors, language, journals with the greatest number of articles published on the topic, the most frequently used keywords, and most cited papers. The results of the analysis showed that research addressing the topic are still scarce in Brazil, especially in the field of Production Engineering. This paper highlights the need for future studies about the solidarity economy and, moreover, that research in the area should be guided by a structured portfolio selection process using the most relevant works in the field.
Este estudo buscou mapear como a formação pedagógica em Programas de Pós-Graduação stricto sensu e a formação de docentes universitários da área das Ciências Biológicas se apresentam no contexto da ...produção acadêmica de Programas de Pós-Graduação brasileiros. Para isso, realizamos uma busca na literatura, valendo-nos dos princípios da construção de Estado de Conhecimento na perspectiva de Morosini. A mesma foi realizada a partir de trabalhos publicados na plataforma Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Orientamos nossa pesquisa a partir de dois descritores de busca: “formação pedagógica em cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu” e “formação para docência em ciências biológicas”, procuramos ainda subsidiar duas questões norteadoras. Nossos achados apontam para o reconhecimento, por parte dos docentes e/ou pesquisadores, da fragilidade da formação pedagógica para atuação no ensino superior. Na maioria dos trabalhos, é ressaltada a necessidade de articulação do conhecimento da área específica com o conhecimento pedagógico. No entanto, percebe-se também a dificuldade em superar o paradigma de que quem sabe fazer, sabe ensinar, contribuindo para a reprodução de práticas de ensino tradicionais, baseadas na lógica positivista, e para a pouca importância dada à formação pedagógica.
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