The paper is based on the findings of the research of students of business administration in the countries of the Western Balkans and aims to identify the impact of entrepreneurial barriers on their ...intentions to start entrepreneurial ventures. Barriers are classified into four categories. The first category is knowledge and skill barriers. The second group of barriers includes financial barriers. Subjective circumstances represent the third, and administrative procedures and fiscal burdens are the fourth groups of barriers. The research was conducted with 910 respondents, which consists of 71 questions. For the analysis, 6 questions related to the demographic profile and general information were used, while for the second part, 14 were used, which belong to the categories of barriers. The SPSS program was used for the empirical analysis of the results. The results showed that financial barriers, administrative procedures, and fiscal burdens harm entrepreneurial intentions. Within the group of barriers of knowledge and skills, the lack of business plan development skills and the lack of financial skills harm entrepreneurial aspirations, while the other barriers are not statistically significant. It was confirmed that statistically significant barriers to entrepreneurial intentions belong to subjective circumstances: lack of support from the environment and fear of failure.
The modern economy is characterized by numerous and almost daily technological innovations and changes in the sphere of communication, organization, and control. These changes often are the result of ...many years of research and development activities of certain individuals or organizations. At the organizational level, the aforementioned activities are integrated into projects in which the available financial, physical and human resources are engaged. The success of R&D projects mostly will depend on the performance of the managers who head them - project managers. They should: provide conditions for undisturbed research, take care of the project team and their interpersonal relationships, and at the same time pay attention to the financial and project timelines. Their task, therefore, is not easy at all. The aim of the research is to analyze the roles that project managers have in managing R&D projects. The research methodology included: a descriptive method and content analysis of available literature of reputed domestic and international authors in the field of project management. The research has confirmed the assumption that project managers have a crucial and multifunctional role in the management of R&D projects.
In the modern world there are lots of considerations about transportation in general, including analysis and decision making about the current situation and planning as well, that means preparation ...for future needs through defining policies, goals and investments to design transportation networks and facilities. The environmental consequences of general transportation and agriculture itself are of special interest as well. Transport activities are given and unavoidable in every society, for any country, but their intensive practice often produces negative effects on surroundings. The quoted problem emerges in a special manner when observing merged - as agricultural transportation: modeling ecological issues here is particularly complex due to great number of variables and random elements dependent on subjectivity in decision making, appearance of unexpected events and often incorrect data. In this paper authors discuss different aspects of agricultural transportation and point out the importance of application of methods and models that are capable of treating uncertainties and are appropriate to keep under control the abundance of ecological effects of transportation in agriculture, making efforts towards the development of sustainable food and raw materials production.
People, the basic and most important element of organizational systems, today play a key role in the development of enterprises, not only in large, but also in small and medium-sized enterprises ...(SMEs). Most of the research in the field of human resource management (HRM) is focused on large companies, but some researchers recently started to explore and obtain significant results in the field of HRM in SMEs. The paper analyzes the activities of human resource management (staffing, training, and development) in SMEs and makes a theoretical basis for creating a model of the HRM, which would be applicable to these companies. The aim of the paper is to determine the role of the HRM in the development of SMEs. The paper presents a review of the existing works in this field and a theoretical analysis of the dominant attitudes about the importance of human resources management in SMEs. If we know that more than 90% of business activity in the European Union is carried out by SMEs and that these enterprises employ 2/3 of the total number of employees, it is obvious that they are the driving force of economic development, and that development of SMEs is very important. This should be based on the development and improvement of HRM practices in SMEs. The conclusions of the paper open new questions for research on possible solutions and models of HRM in SMEs.
Subject of this research represents analysis of current state of cooperation with competition (coopetition) in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, estimated by owner or manager ...of enterprises. The aim of the research is to determine relations and level of cooperation between business organizations as well as identifying role of owners or managers education as a basis for identification of potential value of coopetition concept. The level of cooperation with competition was explored in the sample of 200 small business organizations from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The results indicate a positive estimation of owners or managers regarding the cooperation with competition in the observed sample. Also, higher level of education has influenced on significant identification of coopetition as an external source for driving innovation. This study helps owners or managers to understand and adopt coopetition concept as a tool for pursuing opportunities by transforming currently observation of competitors as a hostile business element.
Countries at a different level of development exhibit a variety of entrepreneurial initiatives and activities in terms of motives of entrepreneurial behavior, but also the scope and structure of ...entrepreneurial ventures. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between the degree of economic development and the motives of entrepreneurial behavior. In order to perform a more detailed overview of the research subject, the research area expands on the scope and structure of entrepreneurial activity, with the aim of identifying the impact of the motives of entrepreneurial behavior on the entrepreneurial process observed in its phases. Characteristics of selected variables and the size of the research sample conditioned the usage of the Spearman's correlation coefficient and the Chi-square test. The results indicate a positive correlation between the level of economic development and opportunity motive of entrepreneurial ventures. This motive is also found to be a generator of maturity of entrepreneurial ventures. More specifically, the higher percentage of participation of the entrepreneurial ventures with opportunity motive is associated with a higher percentage of enterprise in more mature stages, which is especially reflected in the group of highly developed countries.
The subject of this research is the current state of cooperation between entrepreneurial and scientific sector in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, estimated by ...owner/entrepreneur or manager of enterprises. The aim of the research is to determine relations and level of cooperation between business organizations (entrepreneurs) and universities (science). This is especially interesting since these relations between the entrepreneurial and scientific sectors have the great importance for the development of innovation in contemporary economies. The level of cooperation between the two above-mentioned sectors determines the innovative capacity of whole economy and possibilities of technology transfer. The level of cooperation with universities was explored in the sample of 200 small business organizations from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Statistical methods used in the research are descriptive statistics and the Spearman's rho correlation. The results indicate a positive estimation of entrepreneurs regarding the cooperation with universities in the observed sample.
The subject of this paper's analysis are the determinants of entrepreneurs in the early stages of the development of their ventures in logistic industry. The goal is to identify the factors that ...influence the decision to engage in entrepreneurial activity in the logistics sector. For the analysis, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database was used, from which 73,806 respondents from European countries were filtered, of which 192 were from the field of logistics. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical analysis software package Stata IC 15.0. The research covers demographic factors, growth factors, internationalization factors and motivational factors. Demographic factors (gender, age, work status) are statistically significant for entrepreneurs in the field of logistics. Men are more likely to be entrepreneurs in the logistics sector. The 18 to 25 and 45 to 54 age groups are most likely to engage in these ventures. Self-employed is the predominant work status of these entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs in the field of logistics are characterized by the expectation of an increase in the number of employees, as well as a significant percentage of realized income from abroad. Financial motivators are what drive entrepreneurs in the logistics sector.
This research study presents the new position of integrative risk management within project management, giving the research example of an educational business project of developing a study program ...and constitution of a new educational institution from the Croatian perspective of competitiveness. For the purpose of this research study, the process of constitution of the educational institution is observed as a business project which directly affects educational competitiveness and is given features characteristic of integrative project management. The twelve risks presented in the theory were considered but only seven with specific potential influence for the educational activity (in competitiveness) were defined in this project. The authors identified the type and gave description of risks as well as evaluating every single one and giving a potential respond. Finally, the authors grouped the risks into three categories: educational policies and legislative, educational activities and positioning in the educational market (related to competitiveness).
Te globalization process is based on getting to know other cultures, broadening one’s horizons and the implementation of diferent organizational patterns and methods. Te Japanese organizational ...culture has been developing based on the Kaizen concept for more than fve decades. Te paper examines the basic principles of the Kaizen concept, its diferent approaches to problem-solving, the importance of innovations, and focuses on management and delegation of responsibilities within an organization. Te aim of this paper is to analyse the possible efects of introducing the Kaizen concept into the organization, and its advantages or disadvantages for the organization as a whole and for individual project teams.
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