Aim of the study: The article deals with the regional priorities of the Russian foreign policy set forth in the Foreign Policy Concept of 2016: CIS, Euro-Atlantic region, Asia-Pacific region, Middle ...East, Latin America and Africa. In order to respond to the main research question of what criteria underlie the hierarchy of regional priorities the author makes an attempt to thoroughly examine the Russian foreign-policy strategy in each and every of the 6 regions in question. Methodology: The place of CIS as the main regional priority is determined by the intensive integrational and regional cooperation within the Union State, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Commonwealth of Independent Countries (all of which were created in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union), the active role played by Moscow in the settlement of the post-Soviet conflicts and successes in transregional cooperation, most notably, in the Caspian Sea. Conclusion: As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the hierarchy of regional priorities is the result of confluence of historical, political, diplomatic, economic, humanitarian and even geographical factors that should be considered altogether.
The article deals the results of the Pomortsevo-2 settlement excavations on the left bank part of the river Inya basin in the south-east of Kuznetsk hollow (the Belovo municipal district). One of the ...results of the field work is a dwelling with fragments of burnt construction containing 2 archaeologically complete Early Middle Ages vessels. A reconstruction of a dwelling was done which was a not deep pit of a rectangular shape with a light framed conical or multi-angular roof and a specially fitted entrance. As for cultural and chronological attribution, the assemblage is attributed to an early stage of the Upper Ob region archaeological culture and dated with 5th — Late 6th / Early 7th centuries. The chronology has been proved with C14 dating of a sample from a charcoal. In terms of theoretical method, it shows the specifics of late dwellings in ancient settlements with compressed archaeological layer. The urgency of the research comes from a lack of knowledge about the settlements of the second half of the I millinery AD on the territory of Kuznetsk hollow; uncertain cultural attribution of the early assemblages of the Middle Ages in forest-steppe Ob region. At present time, Pomortsevo-2 settlement is still a sole settlement which can be for sure associated with the early stage of the Upper Ob region culture, probably, its Kuznetsk variant.
In accordance with the comprehensive program of physical education for schoolchildren, basketball is one of the means of physical education. The technique of playing basketball is diverse. The most ...important techniques are: dribbling, throwing. The ability to control the ball according to technical rules creates a prerequisite in the game for choosing a good position for a shot. The success of the game ultimately depends on the accuracy of the throw. Knowing the level of learning and the dynamics of the formation of the technique of dribbling, throwing will allow teachers to select and use in the lesson tools that provide training at a higher level. The purpose of the study: To study the issues of solving educational problems in basketball lessons through the motivation of students, by means of performing non-standard tasks. Tasks: 1. To improve the quality of dribbling (without visual control), throwing into the ring, catching the ball after a rebound.2. Identify and determine the dynamics of results in possession of the ball by means of tasks performed through a standard control test.3. Help increase interest in the game of basketball. To solve the tasks, the methods of testing, observation, pedagogical experiment were used.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with abnormal mitochondrial capacity. While oxidative capacity can be increased in steatosis, hepatic ATP decreases in long-standing diabetes. ...However, longitudinal studies on diabetes-related NAFLD and its relationship to hepatic energy metabolism are lacking.
This prospective study comprised volunteers with type 1 (T1DM, n = 30) and type 2 (T2DM, n = 37) diabetes. At diagnosis and 5 years later, we used 1H/31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatocellular lipid (HCL), γATP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations, and to assess adipose tissue volumes. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps.
At diagnosis, individuals with T2DM had higher HCL and adipose tissue volumes, but lower whole-body insulin sensitivity than those with T1DM, despite comparable glycemic control. NAFLD was present in 38% of individuals with T2DM and 7% with T1DM. After 5 years, visceral adipose tissue only increased in individuals with T2DM, while HCL almost doubled in this group (p <0.001), resulting in a 70% prevalence of NAFLD (independent of diabetes treatment). Changes in HCL correlated with adipose tissue volume and insulin resistance (r = 0.50 and r = 0.44, both p <0.05). Pi decreased by 17% and 10% in individuals with T2DM and T1DM (p <0.05), respectively. In T1DM, HCL did not change, whereas γATP decreased by 10% and correlated negatively with glycated hemoglobin (r = -0.56, p <0.05).
The rapid increase in HCL during the early course of T2DM likely results from enlarging adipose tissue volume and insulin resistance in response to impaired hepatic mitochondrial adaptation. The decrease of phosphorus metabolites in T1DM may be due to pharmacological insulin supply.
Previous studies suggested that the impaired function of mitochondria, the power plants of cells, can promote fatty liver and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study now shows that during the first 5 years of type 2 diabetes the increase in body fat content rapidly leads to a doubling of liver fat content, whereas the energy metabolism of the patients' livers progressively declines. These data suggest that fat tissue mass and liver mitochondria have an important role in the development of fatty liver disease in humans with diabetes.
NCT01055093
Display omitted
•Hepatic lipids increase 2-fold in the early course of type 2 diabetes.•Patients with type 1 diabetes do not develop steatosis in first 5 years after diagnosis.•Adipose tissue mass and insulin resistance drive the development of steatosis.•Phosphorus metabolites decline in type 1 diabetes due to low portal insulin supply.
Chromium solubility in anhydrous Phase B Bindi, Luca; Sirotkina, Ekaterina A.; Bobrov, Andrey V. ...
Physics and chemistry of minerals,
02/2016, Letnik:
43, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The crystal structure and chemical composition of a crystal of (Mg
14−
x
Cr
x
)(Si
5−
x
Cr
x
)O
24
(
x
≈ 0.30) anhydrous Phase B (Anh-B) synthesized in the model system MgCr
2
O
4
–Mg
2
SiO
4
at ...12 GPa and 1600 °C have been investigated. The compound was found to be orthorhombic, space group
Pmcb
, with lattice parameters
a
= 5.900(1),
b
= 14.218(2),
c
= 10.029(2) Å,
V
= 841.3(2) Å
3
and
Z
= 2. The structure was refined to
R
1
= 0.065 using 1492 independent reflections. Chromium was found to substitute for both Mg at the M3 site (with a mean bond distance of 2.145 Å) and Si at the octahedral Si1 site (mean bond distance: 1.856 Å), according to the reaction Mg
2+
+ Si
4+
= 2Cr
3+
. Such substitutions cause a reduction in the volume of the M3 site and an increase in the volume of the Si-dominant octahedron with respect to the values typically observed for pure Anh-B and Fe
2+
-bearing Anh-B. Taking into account that Cr
3+
is not expected to be Jahn–Teller active, it appears that both the Cr
3+
–for–Mg and Cr
3+
–for–Si substitutions in the Anh-B structure decrease the distortion of the octahedra. Electron microprobe analysis gave the Mg
13.66(8)
Si
4.70(6)
Cr
0.62(4)
O
24
stoichiometry for the studied phase. The successful synthesis of this phase provides new information for the possible mineral assemblages occurring in the Earth’s deep upper mantle and shed new light on the so-called X discontinuity that has been observed at 275–345 km depth in several subcontinental and subduction zone environments.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted) We report results of a study of doubly charmed baryons and charmed strange baryons. The analysis is performed using a 980 fb super(-1) ...data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e super(+)e super(-) collider. We search for doubly charmed baryons ... with the ... and ... final states. No significant signal is observed. We also search for two excited charmed strange baryons, Xi sub(c)(3055) super(+) and Xi sub(c)(3123) super(+) with the ... and ... final states. The Xi sub(c)(3055) super(+) signal is observed with a significance of 6.6 standard deviations including systematic uncertainty, while no signature of the Xi sub(c)(3123) super(+) is seen. We also study properties of the Xi sub(c)(2645) super(+) and measure a width of 2.6 + or - 0.2(stat) + or - 0.4(syst) MeV /c super(2), which is the first significant determination.
There are currently no effective measures to combat fibrosis in modern medical practice. One of the reasons for that is the late diagnosis associated with the lack of available clinical biomarkers ...and effective methods of non-invasive detection of the process. Fibrosis of the skin is characterized by fibrosis of the dermis, underlying tissues and is represented by a wide range of nosologies. Scleroderma and scars are of the greatest interest for the study. Skin changes in the development of bleomycin-induced fibrosis was studied in the experimental model using laser fluorescence spectroscopy and optical tissue oximetry. A significant increase in the rates of endogenous fluorescence of porphyrins, caused by inflammation and hypoxia, was detected at 7 and 21 days. An increased intensity of endogenous collagen fluorescence and a decreased specific oxygen uptake due to excess accumulation of the extracellular matrix were recorded on the 21st day after bleomycin treatment. Synchronous measurements of the collagen fluorescence and the specific oxygen uptake allowed to correlate the obtained data and the phases of the fibrogenic response described morphologically. The results allow to judge the severity of inflammation and hypoxia in the process of the fibrosis development. The objective and quantitative nature of the recorded parameters makes it possible to develop criteria for diagnosing the phases of fibrosis development.
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