Health care is a growing business, but its trajectory patterns are hard to decipher at the moment. This paper provides a short overview of issues important for developing business models for the ...personalized medicine sector (PM). The paper draws on institutional theory, particularly transaction costs economics (TCE) in an attempt to draft a conceptual framework applicable for identifying relationship patterns among
institutional entities, i.e. industry actors in the Personalized Medicine (PM) field. According to the theory, relationships among industry actors are expected to evolve depending on the manifestation of many contextual factors and their developments: investment activity, public interests, technology development, market structure, regulatory environment, demographic factors, personal preferences, natural factors, etc. In our belief, a descriptive model of an industry should include a broader scope of entities besides directly competing firms. Our rationale is that market actors, in a resource dependent environment, sustain their activity by engaging in (bargaining) relationships with other entities with vested interests in the industry. Basically, we believe that predictions of future industry and particular entities’ business model development would be a function of available resources, power relations and regulation.
The smooth functioning of the EU internal market entails not only regulatory harmonisation, but also a set of rules which, rereverse_logical_notgardless of the national laws of Member States, ...uniformly regulates company law and corporate governance at the supranational level. Availability, transparency and disclosure of information in listed comreverse_logical_notpanies are of the utmost importance for company law and corporate governance, including capital market law. In company law and corporeverse_logical_notrate governance, they are used as an instrument for the protection of shareholders and to control the activities of management and superreverse_logical_notvisory boards, while in capital market law their purpose is to ensure reliable and accurate information for the whole capital market.
Health care is a growing business, but its trajectory patterns are hard to decipher at the moment. This paper provides a short overview of issues important for developing business models for the ...personalized medicine sector (PM). The paper draws on institutional theory, particularly transaction costs economics (TCE) in an attempt to draft a conceptual framework applicable for identifying relationship patterns among institutional entities, i.e. industry actors in the Personalized Medicine (PM) field. According to the theory, relationships among industry actors are expected to evolve depending on the manifestation of many contextual factors and their developments: investment activity, public interests, technology development, market structure, regulatory environment, demographic factors, personal preferences, naturalfactors, etc. In our belief, a descriptive model of an industry should include a broader scope of entities besides directly competing firms. Our rationale is that market actors, in a resource dependent environment, sustain their activity by engaging in (bargaining) relationships with other entities with vested interests in the industry. Basically, we believe that predictions of future industry and particular entities' business model development would be a function of available resources, power relations and regulation.
U radu se analizira osigurani rizik u
zdravstvenom osiguranju u svjetlu novih otkrića genetike. U uvodnome dijelu
rada autori analiziraju pojam i cilj personalizirane medicine te nadalje daju
...raščlambu važnosti personalizirane medicine za pokriće rizika u privatnom
osiguranju te pitanja odnosa personalizirane medicine i individualiziranja
rizika u osiguranju. Poseban dio rada predstavlja usporednopravna analiza
zaštite informacija i podataka u njemačkome pravu, te pravu Velike Britanije i
SAD. Vrši se raščlamba pozitivno pravnih rješenja i daje se kritički osvrt.
Autori analiziraju hrvatska pozitivno pravna rješenja i daju prijedloge de lege
ferenda, jer ova senzitivna oblast nije uređena u Republici Hrvatskoj.
The paper provides an analysis of insured risk in health insurance in light of new discoveries in the field of genetics. To begin with, the authors analyse the notion and the objective of personalized medicine; furthermore, they look into the significance of personalized medicine for
risk coverage in private health insurance as well as into the issues regarding the relationship between personalized medicine and individualized insurance risk. Comparative legal analyses of information and data protection in German, British and US laws makes a special part of the paper, where positive legal solutions are thoroughly analysed and critically reviewed. The authors analyse positive legal solutions in Croatian law and give their proposals de lege ferenda because it is a sensitive area not yet regulated in the Republic of Croatia.
This article analyses the genesis of the development of the problem of "flags of convenience" and the attempt of certain traditional seafaring states and ITF to influence on the minimization of that ...problem, by means of their reputation and measures. Legislative jurisdiction of ILO is being analysed by means of certain conventions and recommendations and from point of view of seafarer's labour law. By means of the content of the convention as well as recommendations of ILO, the authors attempt to show the importance of influence of those documents onto the labour law conditions and socio-legal status of seafarers. In the final part of this article, the authors using the method of analysis of court practice of European Court in Luxembourg give the survey and analysis of three very important decisions (Factortame I and Viking and 3F) which are relevant to the problem of "change of the flag of the vessel" and the relevance with the impact on collective and individual seafarers' labour law.
This article analyses the genesis of the development of the problem of "flags of convenience" and the attempt of certain traditional seafaring states and ITF to influence on the minimization of that ...problem, by means of their reputation and measures. Legislative jurisdiction of ILO is being analysed by means of certain conventions and recommendations and from point of view of seafarer's labour law. By means of the content of the convention as well as recommendations of ILO, the authors attempt to show the importance of influence of those documents onto the labour law conditions and socio-legal status of seafarers. In the final part of this article, the authors using the method of analysis of court practice of European Court in Luxembourg give the survey and analysis of three very important decisions (Factortame I and Viking and 3F) which are relevant to the problem of "change of the flag of the vessel" and the relevance with the impact on collective and individual seafarers' labour law.
This paper examines the interaction between the labour market, social standards and the European Social model on the one hand, and the freedom to provide services on the other. First, the authors ...analyse whether the Viking and Laval judgements define fundamental human rights as directly opposing fundamental economic freedoms in the internal market. Second, in the context of globalisation, EU enlargement, and the development of the so-called flexicurity model, they gauge to what extent the process of establishing social standards conflicts with employment strategy. The authors further concentrate on the function and legitimacy of the right to collective action in the light of the open methods of coordination. They seek to provide an answer to whether the Viking and Laval cases represent another step towards the erosion of the European Social Model.
Pružanje usluga putem internetskih platformi u ekonomiji suradnje realnost je digitalnog tržišta. Razvijaju se novi poslovni modeli, koji dovode u pitanje postojeće zakonodavstvo namijenjeno ...prvenstveno „tradicionalnom“ ili „analognom“ pružanju usluga te izazivaju čitav niz prijepora u praksi u različitim pravnim područjima, od radnog prava do prava tržišnog natjecanja. Ovaj poslovni model temelji se na triangularnom odnosu između internetske platforme, pružatelja i primatelja usluge. Iako internetska platforma pruža specifi čan oblik digitalne usluge koja odgovara defi niciji „usluge informacijskog društva“ u skladu s relevantnim sekundarnim pravom Unije, u sudskoj praksi Suda EU-a ta je usluga podređena pravnom režimu primjenjivom
na „pozadinsku“ (materijalnu) uslugu koju pružatelj usluge pruža primatelju usluge, ako platforma ima „odlučujući utjecaj“ na pružanje usluge te ako bez pozadinske usluge ne bi bilo ni digitalne usluge. U radu će se kritički analizirati postojeći pravni okvir i recentna sudska praksa Suda EU-a te iznijeti prijedlozi mogućih alternativnih rješenja koja ne koče inovacije i razvoj digitalnih tehnologija i usluga.
The smooth functioning of the EU internal market entails not only regulatory harmonisation, but also a set of rules which, regardless of the national laws of Member States, uniformly regulates ...company law and corporate governance at the supranational level. Availability, transparency and disclosure of information in listed companies are of the utmost importance for company law and corporate governance, including capital market law. In company law and corporate governance, they are used as an instrument for the protection of shareholders and to control the activities of management and supervisory boards, while in capital market law their purpose is to ensure reliable and accurate information for the whole capital market.
Pružanje
usluga putem internetskih platformi u ekonomiji suradnje realnost je digitalnog
tržišta. Razvijaju se novi poslovni modeli, koji dovode u pitanje postojeće
zakonodavstvo namijenjeno ...prvenstveno „tradicionalnom“ ili „analognom“ pružanju
usluga te izazivaju čitav niz prijepora u praksi u različitim pravnim
područjima, od radnog prava do prava tržišnog natjecanja. Ovaj poslovni model
temelji se na triangularnom odnosu između internetske platforme, pružatelja i
primatelja usluge. Iako internetska platforma pruža specifičan oblik digitalne
usluge koja odgovara definiciji „usluge informacijskog društva“ u skladu s
relevantnim sekundarnim pravom Unije, u sudskoj praksi Suda EU-a ta je usluga
podređena pravnom režimu primjenjivom na „pozadinsku“ (materijalnu) uslugu koju pružatelj usluge pruža primatelju
usluge, ako platforma ima „odlučujući utjecaj“ na pružanje usluge te ako bez
pozadinske usluge ne bi bilo ni digitalne usluge. U radu će se kritički
analizirati postojeći pravni okvir i recentna sudska praksa Suda EU-a te
iznijeti prijedlozi mogućih alternativnih rješenja koja ne koče inovacije i
razvoj digitalnih tehnologija i usluga.
Online
platform services in the sharing economy represent an important segment of the digital market. New, emerging business models challenge the
existing regulations which are primarily designed for ‘traditional’ or
‘analogue’ provision of services. This tension results in numerous practical
issues in different legal areas, from labour law to competition. The business
model of the sharing economy online platforms is based on a triangular
relationship between the platform, the service provider and the service
recipient. Online platforms provide specific forms of digital services which
basically correspond to the definition of ‘information society service’ in
accordance with the relevant secondary law instruments at EU level. However,
the Court of Justice of the EU subjects these services to the legal regime
applicable to the ‘underlying’ (material) service provided by the service provider to service
recipient, if it is established that the platform has a ‘decisive infl uence’
over the underlying service provider and if there would be not digital service
without the ‘underlying’ service. This paper aims to critically evaluate the
existing regulatory framework and recent case law of the Court of Justice of
the EU and propose potential alternative solutions which might not hinder innovation and development of digital
technology and services.
PDF
