The experimental phase determination in neutron reflectometry with gadolinium reference layer demands precise values of the parameters of reference layer including its scattering characteristics. It ...is especially important for time-of-flight experiments since in this case one must know these characteristics at each reflectivity point. So it is desirable to specify the reference layer scattering parameters directly during the experiment. In this work the way for determination of scattering characteristics, using the neutron absorption measurements on a thin film sample, is presented.
•The experimental phase determination in neutron reflectometry demands precise values of the parameters of reference layer.•It is desirable to specify the reference layer scattering parameters directly during the experiment.•It is possible to determine the scattering characteristics, using the neutron absorption measurements on a thin film sample.•The corrected values of scattering length allow us to improve accuracy of data processing in neutron reflectometry.
The dimensional effect of electric charge storage with a density of up to 270 μF/g by the hydrated ZrO2-nanoparticles system was determined. It was found that the place of localization of different ...charge carriers is the generalized heterophase boundary-nanoparticles surface. The supposed mechanism of the effect was investigated using the theory of dispersed systems, the band theory, and the theory of contact phenomena in semiconductors, which consists of the formation of localized electronic states in the nanoparticle material due to donor–acceptor interaction with the adsorption ionic atmosphere. The effect is relevant for modern nanoelectronics, microsystem technology, and printed electronics because it allows overcoming the basic physical restrictions on the size, temperature, and operation frequency of the device, caused by leakage currents.
The paper considers the new effects of the nanoscale state of matter, which open up prospects for the development of electronic devices using new physical principles. The contacts of chemically ...homogeneous nanoparticles of yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide (ZrO2—x mol% Y2O3, x = 0, 3, 4, 8; YSZ) with different sizes of 7.5 nm and 9 nm; 7.5 nm and 11 nm; and 7.5 nm and 14 nm, respectively, was studied on direct current using nanostructured objects in the form of compacts obtained by high-hydrostatic pressure (HP-compacts of 300MPa). A unique size effect of the nonlinear (rectifying-type contact) dependence of the electrical properties (in the region U < 2.5 V, I ≤ 2.7 mA) of the contact of different-sized YSZ nanoparticles of the same chemical composition is revealed, which indicates the possibility of creating semiconductor structures of a new type (homogeneous electronics). The electronic structure of the near-surface regions of nanoparticles of studied oxide materials and the possibility of obtaining specifically rectifying properties of the contacts were studied theoretically. Models of surface states of the Tamm-type are constructed considering the Coulomb long-range action. The discovered energy variance and its dependence on the curvature of the surface of nanoparticles made it possible to study the conditions for the formation of a contact potential difference in cases of nanoparticles of the same radius (synergistic effect), different radii (doped and undoped variants), as well as to discover the possibility of describing a group of powder particles within the Anderson model. The determined effect makes it possible to solve the problem of diffusion instability of semiconductor heterojunctions and opens up prospects for creating electronic devices with a fundamentally new level of properties for use in various fields of the economy and breakthrough critical technologies.
The dimensional effect of electric charge storage with a density of up to 270 μF/g by the hydrated ZrO
-nanoparticles system was determined. It was found that the place of localization of different ...charge carriers is the generalized heterophase boundary-nanoparticles surface. The supposed mechanism of the effect was investigated using the theory of dispersed systems, the band theory, and the theory of contact phenomena in semiconductors, which consists of the formation of localized electronic states in the nanoparticle material due to donor-acceptor interaction with the adsorption ionic atmosphere. The effect is relevant for modern nanoelectronics, microsystem technology, and printed electronics because it allows overcoming the basic physical restrictions on the size, temperature, and operation frequency of the device, caused by leakage currents.
Based on the analysis of the correlation between plasma glow and the magnetic field over a magnetron target, a model for predicting the shape of the target erosion of MSS is proposed. The magnetic ...field distribution is obtained upon direct measurement or calculation using the ELCUT software, which allows one to calculate the magnetic field based on the magnetron model. A special software has been developed for the calculation of the depletion profile of a target in a planar MSS. It allows one to predict the target erosion during the design phase of MSS, thus reducing the efforts required for designing a multi-magnet system of magnetron. The software has to be tested by comparing the calculated profile of the target erosion with the real one for different types of MSS.
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