1 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Key Biscayne, FL 33149, USA
2 Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Oosterstraat 1, 3742 SK ...Baarn, The Netherlands
3 Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Yeast Division, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands
Author for corresondence: Jack W. Fel. Tel: +1 305 361 4603. Fax: +1 305 361 4600. e-mail: jfell{at}rsmas.miami.edu
ABSTRACT
The order Cystofilobasidiales is described for teleomorphic basidiomycetous yeasts with holobasidia and teliospores. Their septa have dolipores, but lack parenthesomes. D-Glucuronate, nitrate and nitrite are assimilated and myo inositol is usually assimilated. Coenzyme Q has 8 or 10 isoprenologues. 25S and 18S rDNA sequence analysis indicates a monophyletic branch within the Tremellomycetidae of the Hymenomycetes. Cystofilobasidium is the type genus.
Key Words: phylogeny basidiomycetes yeast rDNA Cystofilobasidiales
The GenBank accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are AF075463 --AF075526.
Malassezia and the skin Boekhout, Teun; Gueho-Kellermann, Eveline; Mayser, Peter ...
12/2009
eBook
Although Malassezia yeast belongs to the resident flora of human skin, it is associated with common skin disease in humans and animals. This book covers all necessary aspects on the global ...epidemiology of Malassezia species and their effect on various diseases.
INTRODUCTIONCardiotoxicity related to trastuzumab anticancer treatment poses a diagnostic challenge at early stages. The aim of the present pilot study was to assess the value of ...iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-123-MIBG) scintigraphy in breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab who showed a decrease in their cardiac function.
MATERIALS AND METHODSI-123-MIBG scintigraphy was performed in nine patients with decreased or significantly decreasing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during trastuzumab therapy. On the basis of planar images, 4 h heart-to-mediastinum (HMR) ratio and washout percentages (WR) were calculated.
RESULTSI-123-MIBG scintigraphy revealed abnormal 4 h HMR and increased WR in three patients. LVEF recovery was observed in none of these patients during 3, 6, and 13 months of follow-up. In two of five patients with normal 4 h HMR the washout rates were also normal, whereas in three patients slightly increased washout rates were found. All five patients demonstrated a recovery of their LVEF value during follow-up. One patient with a normal 4 h HMR and normal WR initially showed a significant decrease in LVEF, which decreased further during follow-up. However, the LVEF value remained at 53%, which was within normal limits, after trastuzumab administration.
CONCLUSIONIn this pilot study we have explored the role of I-123-MIBG scintigraphy in the assessment of trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity and suggest that, in patients with a persistently decreasing LVEF, I-123-MIBG scintigraphy might indicate whether recovery will occur and, consequently, whether retreatment may be initiated.
Candida parapsilosis, which was previously considered to be a complex of three genetically distinct groups, has emerged as a significant agent of nosocomial infections. Recently, this complex was ...separated into three species: C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis. In China, data pertaining to these fungi are limited. In this study, we examined 57 isolates of members of the C. parapsilosis complex collected from four cities in East China, i.e., Nanjing (n = 22), Nanchang (n = 20), Shanghai (n = 12) and Jinan (n = 3). C. parapsilosis sensu stricto represented 71.9% of all isolates, while C. metapsilosis accounted for the remaining 28.1%. C. orthopsilosis could not be identified. A significantly high prevalence of C. metapsilosis was observed in strains recovered from Nanchang, 60% (12/20) of the isolates were C. metapsilosis. Sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region revealed two unevenly distributed genotypes among the C. metapsilosis strains. A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was described for rapid identification. The strains were susceptible to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphoterincin B and micafungin. Six (15%) isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and three (18.8%) of C. metapsilosis were found to be dose-dependent susceptible to itraconazole. C. parapsilosis sensu stricto strains were less susceptible to micafungin than C. metapsilosis.
Production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) by dendritic cells is crucial in host defense. Here we identify a previously unknown role for dectin-1 in the activation of a ...noncanonical caspase-8 inflammasome in response to fungi and mycobacteria. Dectin-1 induced both the production and maturation of IL-1beta through signaling routes mediated by the kinase Syk. Whereas the CARD9-Bcl-10-MALT1 scaffold directed IL1B transcription, the recruitment of MALT1-caspase-8 and ASC into this scaffold was crucial for processing of pro-IL-1beta by caspase-8. In contrast to activation of the canonical caspase-1 inflammasome, which requires additional activation of cytosolic receptors, activation of the noncanonical caspase-8 inflammasome was independent of pathogen internalization. Thus, dectin-1 acted as an extracellular sensor for pathogens that induced both IL-1beta production and maturation through a noncanonical caspase-8-dependent inflammasome for protective immunity.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Awards and Personalia Hawksworth, David L.; Seifert, Keith A.; Rossman, Amy Y. ...
IMA fungus,
06/2018, Letnik:
9, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Keith A. Seifert (keith.seifert@agr.gc.ca) Jim Ginns — An authority on wood decay fungi at 80 George Barron, who spent his career at the Department of Environmental Sciences of the University of ...Guelph, Ontario, Canada, celebrates his 90th birthday later this year. Keith A. Seifert (keith.seifert@agr.gc.ca) Jim Ginns — An authority on wood decay fungi at 80 Jim Ginns celebrates his 80th birthday this year. Jim and his master gardener wife Anne lived on a farm in Cantley, Quebec, inviting visiting colleagues to contribute to the All Fungus Biological Inventory of their property, usually attended by a pack of large, friendly dogs. Since his retirement in 1997, Jim has kept active studying his favourite fungi, especially as a member of the South Okanagan Naturalist Club in Summerland, British Columbia. Keith A. Seifert (keith.seifert@agr.gc.ca) John Haines — Leading specialist of the cup fungi John H. Haines, retired Curator of Fungi at the New York State Museum (NYS), is turning 80 this year following a career studying the systematics of Leotiomycetes and airborne fungal spores.
The fungus
Meira geulakonigii Boekhout, Scorzetti, Gerson & Sztejnberg (Basidiomycota: Ustilaginomycetes) was assayed against three species of phytophagous mites and against cucumber powdery mildew,
...Sphaerotheca fusca (Fr.) Blumer. The corrected mortality of the citrus rust mite,
Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead), came to almost 100%, whereas that of the citrus red mite,
Panonychus citri McGregor, and that of the carmine spider mite,
Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval), was around 80%. The coverage of cucumber leaves by the powdery mildew was significantly lower on detached cotyledons and on growing plant foliage sprayed with
Meira geulakonigii and cucumber fruit yield was significantly higher. These leaves also carried fewer carmine spider mites. The novelty of these results and their practical application are discussed.
Mushroom-forming basidiomycetes colonize large areas in nature. Their hyphae are compartmentalized by perforated septa, which are usually covered by a septal pore cap (SPC). Here, we describe, for ...the first time, the composition and function of SPCs using the model system Schizophyllum commune. The SPC of S. commune was shown to consist of a proteinaceous matrix covered by a lipid membrane. The matrix was demonstrated to define the ultrastructure of the SPC and to consist of two main proteins, Spc14 and Spc33. Gene spc14 encodes a protein of 86 amino acids, which lacks known domain, signal or localization sequences. Gene spc33 encodes a 239 and a 340 amino acid variant. Both forms contain a predicted signal anchor that targets them to the ER. Immuno-localization showed the presence of Spc33 in the SPC but not in ER. From this and previous reports it is concluded that the SPC is derived from this organelle. Inactivation of spc33 resulted in loss of SPCs and the inability to close septa. The latter may well explain why vegetative growth and mushroom formation were severely reduced in strains in which spc33 was inactivated.
The currently recognized seven species of Malassezia all have different karyotypes which do not vary intraspecifically, except in M. furfur whichdisplayed two different karyotypes. In contrast, ...random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing showed the presence of genetic variation in all species. It is concluded that karyotype analysis is useful for species identification, and RAPD typing can be used in epidemiological investigations.
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