ABSTRACTIn this study, we aimed to examine the olfactory function of adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We investigated olfactory function of 50 adolescents with OCD and 50 healthy ...controls (min-max, 12–17 years) by the “Sniffinʼ Sticks” extended test. OCD and depression symptomatology were assessed with the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Childrenʼs Depression Inventory (CDI). Adolescents with OCD had lower olfactory performance than healthy controls. The patients who responded positively to the treatment exhibited performance superior to the patients with partial response and those untreated. All olfactory measurements were significantly inversely correlated with MOCI and CDI total scores and OCD duration. Our results show that OCD has a significant impact on all olfactory tests, and olfactory impairment is related to symptom severity, duration, and course of OCD. The decrease in olfactory function may be a noninvasive state marker for OCD. Further investigations in longitudinal studies are required to confirm our results.
In the evaluation after septorhinoplasty (SRP), the surgeon's plan and the patient's expectations may not always be realised. Therefore, in our prospective case-control study, we aimed to investigate ...whether the Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Scales (NOSE), which have been validated in different patient populations in Turkish, are appropriate for evaluating SRP cases and their relationship with each other. Preoperative and postoperative data of NOSE and SNOT-22 questionnaires of 125 cases diagnosed with traumatic septum deviation and external nasal deformity and decided to be operated were analyzed. It was calculated that the SNOT-22 score of those with high/low preoperative NOSE scores was also high/low with a 53.6% probability and that the SNOT-22 score of those with high/low postoperative NOSE scores was also high/low with a 69.9% probability, indicating a positive and high-level relationship between postoperative NOSE and SNOT-22 measurements. When the answers given to all questions in SNOT-22 were evaluated separately, it was observed that the most disturbing symptoms of the cases were nasal obstruction at 78.4% and the need to blow the nose at 46.4% in the preoperative period, and nasal obstruction with 64.8% and the need to blow nose with 37.6% in the postoperative period. The most dramatic changes in the answers to SNOT-22 questions were observed in the patient's feelings of frustrated/restless/irritable, sadness, and embrassed. SNOT-22 and NOSE questionnaires can be used interchangeably to evaluate the functional status of patients undergoing SRP surgery.
The aim is to investigate the contribution of the PNIF test in daily clinical practices in the objective evaluation of the early postoperative functional results of septoplasty and the effect of the ...severity, direction, and type of nasal septum deviation on mean PNIF values. Nasal septum deviation (NSDs) of the cases were grouped according to the Mladina classification and the severity of NSDs. An objective evaluation of the nasal airway was conducted via a peak flowmeter device in the preoperative and postoperative first month. When examining the mean PNIF values according to genders, it was observed that the values determined in male cases in the preoperative and postoperative period were higher. In the intragroup evaluation performed according the Mladina classification, a statistically significant increase was observed in the preoperative and postoperative PNIF values of the cases in Types 1–4. In the intragroup evaluation performed according to the severity of NSD, there was a significant increase in the preoperative and postoperative PNIF values of the mild and moderate cases. When comparing the preoperative and postoperative PNIF values of the groups in terms of the severity of NSD, it was observed that there was a significant difference. The PNIF can be used in routine clinical practices to evaluate the septoplasty results objectively. In the evaluation of functional results, the change in the mean PNIF values may also vary according to the direction and severity of septum deviation and the Mladina classification other than age, gender and ethnic origin.
Background
Traumatic tympanic membrane (TM) perforations usually heal spontaneously. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the topical application of Triticum Vulgare (TV) in ...experimentally induced traumatic TM perforations in the rats has a positive effect on wound healing process.
Methods
The rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups. Drugs were introduced twice a day for 7 days. On the 7th day, specimens were sent for histological examination.
Results
Mean values found in group NC in terms of epithelial regeneration mean scores are as follows: fibroblast and collagen density, neovascularization, and density of inflammation cells were lower than all groups (
p
< 0.05).
It was found that reepithelization on the post-perforation 7th day was better in the HO group than the TV group. In terms of the subepithelial fibroblast cells, density of collagen fibers, formation of new veins, and inflammatory cell accumulation, it was observed that the group TV was better than the group HO.
Conclusion
This is the first study investigating the potential curative role of TV in an experimental rat model of tympanic membrane perforation. Considering these findings, it is concluded that TV can be more effective than HO on wound healing in TM perforation.
Background
The aim of the present study was to evaluate retrospectively the frequency of anatomical variations in sinonasal region, which were frequently seen in our cases, for whom coronal section ...paranasal computed tomography imaging (CPNCT) was taken, as well as the correlation of these variations with age and gender and correlations of identified anatomical variations with one another.
In the study, CBCT scans of a total of 1532 (825 males and 707 females) cases were evaluated in order to determine the prevalence of anatomical variations of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. All the images were taken by a multi-detector CT device (Aquilion, Toshiba medical system, Tokyo, Japan).
Results
Most frequently detected three anatomical variations were septum deviation (79.7%), concha bullosa (40.9%), and ethmoid bulla (21.0%) according to the frequency order. When the frequency of anatomical variations was evaluated according to gender, septum deviation, concha bullosa, and anterior clinoid process pneumatization were more frequently observed in males and Onodi cell in females (
p
< 0.05).
When the relationships of the anatomical variations with one another were evaluated, it was found that the possibility of the presence of concha bullosa in the septum deviation cases and the presence of ethmoid bulla in the cases with Haller cell septum were higher (
p
< 0.05).
In terms of the anatomical variations that were evaluated by taking age as the independent variable, a statistically significant difference was observed in pterygoid process pneumatization, Haller cell, pneumatized crista galli, ethmoid bulla, and paradoxical middle concha between the adult and children age groups (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
In terms of the frequency of occurrence to various sinonasal region variations, statistically significant differences were observed between both genders and age groups. The correlations of the detected variations with each other were also remarkable. Consequently, it is believed that comprehensive studies and serious objective evaluations evaluating the change of frequency of anatomical variations according to age and gender besides their correlation with each other are required.
Background
This study was to investigate the frequency of self-reported dizziness symptom in cases with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and the severity of dizziness, if any, by using various ...scales. The frequency and severity of the self-reported dizziness symptom of CCHF patients, level of disability caused by dizziness, and to what extent vestibular symptoms affected activities of daily living were assessed by various scales. The frequency and severity of the self-reported dizziness symptom of CCHF patients, level of disability caused by dizziness, and to what extent vestibular symptoms affected activities of daily living were assessed by various scales.
Results
The frequency of dizziness in CCHF cases included in the study was 11.11% and all the cases were involved in the mild category in terms of disease severity. When the results of the scales applied to all of the cases were evaluated in general, it was seen that there was no vertigo or dizziness.
Conclusion
According to the results of the present study, we consider that multicenter studies with large series investigating pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these clinical symptoms are needed in order to evaluate dizziness symptom and to make definitive interpretations in CCHF disease.
Nilotinib has very few side effects, including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, cardiotoxicity, high pancreatic lipase, ischemia, and vascular occlusion. We aimed to investigate whether short-term ...administration of nilotinib had ototoxic effects in rats.
Wistar-albino rats were categorized into three groups: group C (administered 0.25 mL of distilled water, no nilotinib), group N-20 (administered 20 mg/kg/day of nilotinib dissolved in distilled water), and group N-50 (administered 50 mg/kg/day of nilotinib dissolved in distilled water). A single dose was administered once per day, at the same hour, over 21 days. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds were recorded on day 0 and day 21.
There were no changes in ABR threshold values obtained on day 0 (baseline) and on day 21 across all three groups. A statistically significant difference was not found in terms of the mean latency of waves V and III, interpeak latency values of waves III-V, and amplitude ratios of waves III-V and V/Va at baseline and on day 21 across all three groups on within-group or between-group evaluation.
Consequently, further studies are needed that involve different drug doses, prolonged administration of drugs, as well as distortion otoacoustic emission test for the evaluation of cochlear activation and ABR. Furthermore, histopathological studies are needed to indicate whether the cochlea is affected to prove that nilotinib has definitively no ototoxic effect.
Objective: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a multifactorial disorder, the pathogenesis of which has yet to be fully elucidated. Numerous aetiological factors, including genetics, eustachian tube ...dysfunction, autoimmunity, infection, osteoclastic activity, cytokines, endotoxins, and products of lipid peroxidation resulting from oxidative stress, have been proposed to explain the chronic inflammation which lies at the heart of the disorder. The aim of this study is to investigate a possible relationship between the pathogenesis of COM and polymorphism within the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene. Methods: We investigated 49 patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology Department and diagnosed with COM between September and November 2017. The control group consisted of 51 healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used to genotype the PON1 Q192R (rs662) polymorphism. Results: When the case and control groups were compared in terms of the existence of PON1 (Q192) polymorphism, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.166, p>0.05). When intergroup comparison was performed on the type of PON1 (Q192) polymorphism, there was also no statistically significant difference (p=0.261, p>0.05). Conclusion: The present study is the first known study in which PON1 polymorphism has been examined in cases of COM. The results of our study failed to indicate a statistically significant relationship between PON1 polymorphism and COM. However, it is important to note that the higher rate of 192RR polymorphism within the control group control may indicate a protective effect in COM.
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