The Baikal-GVD deep underwater neutrino experiment participates in the international multi-messenger program on discovering the astrophysical sources of high energy fluxes of cosmic particles, while ...being at the stage of deployment with a gradual increase of its effective volume to the scale of a cubic kilometer. In April 2021 the effective volume of the detector has been reached 0.4 km3 for cascade events with energy above 100 TeV generated by neutrino interactions in Lake Baikal. The alarm system in real-time monitoring of the celestial sphere was launched at the beginning of 2021, that allows to form the alerts of two ranks like "muon neutrino" and "VHE cascade". Recent results of fast follow-up searches for coincidences of Baikal-GVD high energy cascades with ANTARES/TAToO high energy neutrino alerts and IceCube GCN messages will be presented, as well as preliminary results of searches for high energy neutrinos in coincidence with the magnetar SGR 1935+2154 activity in period of radio and gamma burst in 2020.
The Baikal-GVD (Gigaton Volume Detector) is a km\(^{3}\)- scale neutrino telescope located in Lake Baikal. Currently (year 2021) the Baikal-GVD is composed of 2304 optical modules divided to 8 ...independent detection units, called clusters. Specific neutrino interactions can cause Cherenkov light topology, referred to as a cascade. However, cascade-like events originate from discrete stochastic energy losses along muon tracks. These cascades produce the most abundant background in searching for high-energy neutrino cascade events. Several methods have been developed, optimized, and tested to suppress background cascades.
Baikal-GVD is a gigaton-scale neutrino observatory under construction in Lake Baikal. It currently produces about 100 GB of data every day. For their automatic processing, the Baikal Analysis and ...Reconstruction software (BARS) was developed. At the moment, it includes such stages as hit extraction from PMT waveforms, assembling events from raw data, assigning timestamps to events, determining the position of the optical modules using an acoustic positioning system, data quality monitoring, muon track and cascade reconstruction, as well as the alert signal generation. These stages are implemented as C++ programs which are executed sequentially one after another and can be represented as a directed acyclic graph. The most resource-consuming programs run in parallel to speed up processing. A separate Python package based on the luigi package is responsible for program execution control. Additional information such as the program execution status and run metadata are saved into a central database and then displayed on the dashboard. Results can be obtained several hours after the run completion.
The first stage of the construction of the deep underwater neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD is planned to be completed in 2024. The second stage of the detector deployment is planned to be carried out ...using a data acquisition system based on fibre optic technologies, which will allow for increased data throughput and more flexible trigger conditions. A dedicated test facility has been built and deployed at the Baikal-GVD site to test the new technological solutions. We present the principles of operation and results of tests of the new data acquisition system.
We present data on the Baikal water luminescence collected with the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope. This three-dimensional array of photo-sensors allows the observation of time and spatial variations ...of the ambient light field. We report on annual increase of luminescence activity in years 2018-2020. We observed a unique event of a highly luminescent layer propagating upwards with a maximum speed of 28 m/day for the first time.
The programmed component of the automatic control of accelerators on the basis of licensed software packages (FlexCtrl SCADA, Photon Application Builder, and Cogent DataHub) and an additionally ...developed library of classes (related to visual programming with regard to functional capabilities and which all together represent an integrated media for producing the automation system) is described in the article. The number of features of the media components and the number of the components themselves can be increased since the developed media is characterized as open.
Based on the studies of SHF dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of acetamide in the temperature range 283–318 K and frequency range 3–26 GHz the dielectric relaxation parameters of the ...solutions were determined, and it was shown that the relaxation process is associated with the collective structural changes in water–nonelectrolyte network of bonds, during which the influence of hydrophilic interactions of polar groups and the effects of hydrophobic hydration almost completely counterbalance each other.
Tension free inguinal hernioplasty has become the procedure of choice in the elderly. The operation of originally popularized by Lichtenstein and Shulman gives the best early result with low ...complication rates.
Between January 1991 and December 1996, 94 subjects over 70 with inguinal hernia were submitted to hernioplasty. The tension-free technique was adopted utilizing a polypropylene mesh. Peridural anesthesia was the method used in 67 procedures, local anesthesia in 27 procedures.
The mean hospital stay was 48 hours (short stay surgery). Noteworthy general complications were not observed. Superficial wound infection occurred in 2 patients; superficial skin hematoma in 4 patients. No recurrences were observed (mean follow-up 60 months). The primary inguinal hernias in the aged is due to a progressive deterioration of the inguinal floor (collagenolylis, overpowers net collagen synthesis and deposition in the floor of the inguinal canal).
Tension-free inguinal hernioplasty, originally popularized by Lichtenstein and Shulman, is simple to perform and gives excellent results with low complication rates. Current evidence suggests it as operation of choice in the elderly.
The surgical treatment of rectum cancer in 165 patients with the apparatus AKA-2 for compressive anastomoses was analyzed. The oncological adequacy of proximal resections of the rectum at the distal ...level of the section not less than 3.5-5 cm from the visually seen margin of the tumor depending on its growth type was shown. Low anterior resection of the rectum in patients with considerable size of the tumors is not oncologically justified.
