The double polarization observable E and the helicity dependent cross sections σ_{1/2} and σ_{3/2} were measured for η photoproduction from quasifree protons and neutrons. The circularly polarized ...tagged photon beam of the A2 experiment at the Mainz MAMI accelerator was used in combination with a longitudinally polarized deuterated butanol target. The almost 4π detector setup of the Crystal Ball and TAPS is ideally suited to detect the recoil nucleons and the decay photons from η→2γ and η→3π^{0}. The results show that the narrow structure previously observed in η photoproduction from the neutron is only apparent in σ_{1/2} and hence, most likely related to a spin-1/2 amplitude. Nucleon resonances that contribute to this partial wave in η production are only N 1/2^{-} (S_{11}) and N 1/2^{+} (P_{11}). Furthermore, the extracted Legendre coefficients of the angular distributions for σ_{1/2} are in good agreement with recent reaction model predictions assuming a narrow resonance in the P_{11} wave as the origin of this structure.
Recent research has demonstrated the high potential of grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence as a nanometrology tool for structures with complex 3D architecture. The technique now allows separate ...reconstruction of the spatial atomic distributions of different chemical elements both vertically and laterally, which opens up new and interesting applications in the nanofabrication industry. This study compares grazing-emission fluorescence with the well established grazing-incidence X-ray fluorescence method. The comparison uses a simple 1D thin-film structure. Reconstruction of the structure by both methods is performed and the statistical uncertainties of these reconstructions are compared by means of Monte Carlo Markov-chain simulations. For the forward model a semi-analytic approach is derived which allows simulation of the fluorescence intensity. This approach takes into account both grazing-incidence and grazing-emission cases. It also accounts for an even more complex physical phenomenon, the anomalous Kossel effect. Finally, using this semi-analytic approach, an experimental scheme combining grazing-incidence and grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence is studied theoretically.
The first ten years of the reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich were distinguished by extreme turbulence. The unsuccessful actions of the "government" of the boyar Morozov provoked chain of city riots ...which reached their apogee in famous "Salt Riot" in the capital. After that, religious feuding began that in near future resulted in the Schism. Afterwards, Russia, after long hesitation, entered the war with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that as it turned out, prolonged 13 years. Finally, in 1654, after long break, the plague again visited Russia. The plague pestilence of 1654-1655 was relatively transient (it began in summer and gradually faded away with the onset of winter), however very deadly and shook both the Russian state and Russian society to the ground. It disrupted habitual regular way of life and unsettled all and everything. The authors propose original version of origin of this epidemic and reconstruct its course and consequences on the basis of evidence of contemporaries and extant documents.
Data on phosphatase activity (PA) in soils of different natural zones, intrazonal soils, buried soils, and cultural layers in archaeological monuments of different age were summarized. The ...variability of PA in soil complexes was analyzed. The maximum values of PA were recorded in the upper horizon of Eutric Retisols, and minimum values were found in Haplic Calcisols of the Baer hills in the Caspian Lowland. In Solonetzes, a wider variation of PA in the A1 horizon was recorded as compared to that in Cambisols and Calcisols. Mean value of PA in the upper horizon of Solonetz was 1.5 times higher than in the upper horizon of Cambisols and Calcisols. The maximum values of PA in the profile of Solonetz were determined in the uppermost 2-cm-thick layer. The B1 horizon of Cambisols and Calcisols had a higher PA in comparison with that in the A1 horizon of these soils, whereas the B1 horizon of Solonetz had a lower PA than that in the A1 horizon. In the paleosols buried under kurgans of different age, PA was higher in paleosols buried in humid epochs than in paleosols buried in arid epochs. Cultural layers of ancient settlements had the maximum variability of PA values. In some cases, in the cultural layers with low organic matter content, the values of PA correlated with the content of phosphates. In the cultural layers with ash and charcoals, the low values of PA were recorded at high phosphate content.
Herein we provide information on the integrated geological, geophysical, sedimentological, and hydrophysical investigations and passing meteorological and biological observations, as well as on the ...surface hydrobiological sampling in the Tropical Atlantic during cruise 60 (leg 2) of the R/V
Akademik Ioffe
in December 2021 to February 2022. The preliminary scientific results are discussed.
The feasibility of application of a ferromagnetic conductive cylinder nozzle to focus the fluid flow extruded by a piston dispenser is assessed in the present work. Based on the limiting cases of ...stationary and laminar fluid flows, it is shown that an electric field can be created between the fluid and the cylindrical nozzle due to the anomalous Hall effect in the cylindrical nozzle with a current flowing along the cylinder. This field is created by the electric current caused by the mechanical movement of the fluid. This electric current of the fluid creates around itself the cylindrical magnetic field that penetrates into the ferromagnetic nozzle. On the example of carbonyl iron, it is shown with allowance for the corresponding approximations that an increase in the current flowing through the ferromagnetic nozzle should lead to a decrease of the fluid flow radius.
A theoretical study of extrusion of a paste consisting of a silver powder in a terpineol binder is performed, aimed at getting an insight into the system’s behavior and determining the optimal ...conditions of the dosing mechanism operation. The paste is treated as a non-Newtonian fluid, and its characteristic properties are taken from the experiment. The spatial distributions of its viscosity, motion velocity, and excessive pressure are plotted for the characteristic cross-section of the paste during its extrusion. The viscosity distribution map is obtained as a function of the paste velocity and the distance from the nozzle during extrusion. It is shown that a pseudo-plastic behavior of the paste plays a decisive role in selecting the nozzle-to-substrate distance and determines the quality of the resulting film. The curves of dependence presented in the study would serve optimizing the extrusion process using a piston dosing mechanism.
Sixteen species of dragonflies were recorded in 12 thermal springs of Central Asia. Of these, Ischnura forcipata, I. pumilio, Orthetrum anceps, O. brunneum, and Sympetrum haritonovi were widely ...distributed in hydrothermal waters. In the high mountains of Pamir, dragonflies can develop only in hot springs. The maximum altitude recorded for the habitat of O. brunneum was 3950 m a.s.l.
PDF
