An ISFET device selective for cholanic acids, based on a PVC-sebacate membrane, containing benzyldimethylcetylammoniumcholate as exchanger, has been prepared, characterized and applied to the ...determination of cheno or ursodeoxycholic acid content of commercial pharmaceutical drugs and critical micellar concentration (CMC) values for cholate, deoxycholate and chenodeoxycholate. The results are compared with those obtained using previously described polymeric membrane sensors based on the same exchanger.
Abstract Purpose Engaging in prolonged screen-time behaviors (STBs) is detrimental for health. The objective of the present analyses was to examine temporal trends in TV viewing and computer use ...among adolescents across 30 countries. Methods Data were derived from the cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Data on TV viewing and computer use for gaming and nongaming purposes were collected in 2002 (n = 139,725 51.4% girls), 2006 (n = 149,251 51.3% girls), and 2010 (n = 154,845 51.2% girls). The temporal trends in TV viewing and computer use were each tested for all countries combined and for each individual country by sex-specific univariate analysis of variance. Results Between 2002 and 2010, TV viewing decreased slightly in most of the 30 countries among both boys and girls. This decrease was more than offset by a sharp increase in computer use, which was consistent across all countries. Overall, boys reported more hours of STBs. They also reported a slightly larger decrease in TV viewing and slightly larger increase in computer use. STBs were generally more frequent on weekend days. Conclusions The overall cross-national increases in STBs should be a call to action for public health practitioners, policy-makers, and researchers that interventions specifically focused on reducing STBs in youth are sorely needed. Because all countries experienced a trend in the same direction, it might be fruitful to learn more about the determinants of STBs among those countries in which hours of STBs are generally low as compared with other countries.
Studies exploring adolescents' perception of health are still scarce in the international literature. Through a qualitative analysis, this study aims to explore the core categories or themes evoked ...when adolescents describe what it means to be healthy and unhealthy.
A convenience purposive sample of 34 15-year-old students from three different upper secondary schools took part in a 2-hour group discussion session. During the session, two conceptual projective techniques, the collage creation and the think-aloud technique, were used to elicit perceptions and descriptions of the typical healthy and unhealthy adolescent. Perceptions and descriptions voiced by adolescents were analysed through content analysis, and the key concepts that emerged were grouped so that core categories or themes could be identified.
The analysis revealed five core categories that adolescents used to describe what being healthy or unhealthy meant to them: physical appearance, personal commitment and goals, possessions and space, use of free time, and social belonging.
Instead of those approaches that focuses solely on the avoidance of risk, the identified core categories or themes might be the basics around which health promotion programmes in adolescence should be built. Engaging students in planning for their future and assisting them in mapping out crucial steps to meet their personal goals, including life, academic, and career goals, is a suitable way to address issues that are meaningful to adolescent health.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
...health professionals and public health researchers rarely endeavor to communicate with politicians, which makes them poorly placed to find out when health-related political decisions are being ...made and reduces their ability to provide relevant information 4. ...politicians tend to avoid debates with public health researchers, out of a fear that, due to the inherent distance between their fields, the discussion would not give rise to useful practical proposals 6, 8. ...these solutions are often replicated without determining whether they will be effective in a context that is different from the original one. ...solutions and programs are commonly developed without discussion with local political authorities and little attention to political legitimization, which can impact the feasibility of these programs. Impact evaluation is often decided at the end of the implementation process and mainly centers on satisfaction surveys administered to a few representatives of the affected community. ...the real impact of these programs on the community health remains unmonitored, and this reducing both health professionals’ and politicians’ ability to defend their choices.
After a spinal cord injury (SCI), individuals must acquire their maximum level of independence before returning to their previous social and working conditions. The education provided during ...rehabilitation is one of the basic but complex aspects that influence the health perspectives of people with SCI. Gaining the perspective of SCI survivors experienced barriers and resources to enhance the education process may assist healthcare professionals in understanding this complex aspect of their practice. Through a qualitative descriptive analysis, this study aimed to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators of education provided during the rehabilitation of individuals with SCI.
A purposive sample of 22 adults with SCI and at least six months of home experience was recruited. Participants were assigned into four mini focus groups according to their level of independence. The focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using a thematic analysis.
Three themes were identified: the readiness to education, the individual characteristics, and the environmental and social characteristics influencing education. Participants perceived education to be an ongoing process made up of consecutive phases, each of which had to be overcome before participants felt ready to reappraise their health and well-being. This process was affected by individual, environmental, and social factors.
Education is constantly provided by all members of the rehabilitation team. These must stress the relevance of the contents presented, increase SCI survivors' motivation to set achievable goals, and consider filling the gap that the patients perceive between rehabilitation centres and available community resources. The findings of this study promote the design of structured educational programmes, increasing knowledge, and improve the health perspective of SCI survivors, their families, and providers.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•The purpose of our report about a case of immune TTP following anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccination with Pfizer-BioNTech serum is to widen the knowledge on probable adverse life-threatening events that these ...new vaccines can determine, trying to outline a likely risk profile and suitable therapeutic approaches to each patient.•Although the correlation between immune TTP and anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccination cannot be confirmed, the absence of pre-existing symptoms and patient’s recent clinical history has led us to assume a possible relationship, through the triggering autoimmune disease.
Validation cross-sectional study.
To develop and assess the psychometric properties of two instruments based on the middle-range theory of self-care in chronic illness: the Self-Care in Spinal Cord ...Injuries Inventory (SC-SCII) and the Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale in Spinal Cord Injuries (SCSES-SCI).
Multicenter study in five spinal units across Italy and Ireland.
Instrument development was based on self-care behaviours identified in the scientific literature. Behaviours were grouped into four dimensions during a consensus conference: self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, self-care management and self-care self-efficacy. Sixty-seven items were subsequently generated based on these dimensions. A multidisciplinary group of 40 experts evaluated content validity. Dimensionality of the final items was tested by confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) with a sample of 318 participants. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated for each dimension. Construct validity was assessed using correlations between items and scoring differences amongst participants with more severe conditions and secondary complications.
Content validity of the SC-SCII and SCSES-SCI was satisfactory for thirty-five of the previously generated items, which were further refined. CFA showed comparative fit indexes ranging from 0.94 to 0.97 and root mean square errors of approximation from 0.03 to 0.07. Internal consistency ranged from 0.71 to 0.85, and intraclass correlation coefficients were higher than 0.70. Correlations among dimensions were moderate, and the theoretical hypotheses formulated when designing the instruments were largely confirmed.
The SC-SCII and the SCSES-SCI represent valid and reliable theoretically-grounded instruments to assess self-care in people with spinal cord injury.
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