Introduction
Assessment of exercise capacity is important for information about lung function and prognosis in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). In addition, deterioration in the pulmonary system may ...affect cough efficiency, posture, and thoracoabdominal mobility. In turn, this deterioration may also disturb the psychological function of patients with PCD. Therefore, this study aimed to compare exercise capacity, cough strength, thoracoabdominal mobility, posture, and depression in children with PCD and healthy peers.
Methods
Twenty‐seven patients with PCD and 28 healthy peers were included. Aerobic exercise capacity (3‐min step test), cough strength (peak expiratory flow meter), thoracoabdominal mobility (upper chest, lower chest, and abdomen), posture (Corbin postural assessment scale), and depression (Children's Depression Inventory) were evaluated.
Results
Patients' number of steps completed, cough strength, and thoracoabdominal mobility were significantly decreased; total posture and depression scores were higher compared with healthy controls (p< 0.05). There was a significant relationship between cough strength and maximal expiratory strength (r = 0.541, p= 0.004) and total number of steps (r = 0.509, p= 0.007) in the patients.
Conclusion
Aerobic exercise capacity, cough strength, and thoracoabdominal mobility were impaired, posture was deteriorated, and depression perception elevated in children with PCD compared to healthy peers. Furthermore, aerobic exercise capacity and maximal expiratory strength are related to cough strength in these patients. Rehabilitation programs including aerobic and resistive exercise training, deep breathing and postural exercise, and nutrition counseling may improve these results and better be investigated. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03370029; December 12, 2017.
Background
Although both self‐paced and externally paced field tests are widely used in cystic fibrosis (CF), it is still unclear whether they induce clinically relevant and similar cardiorespiratory ...responses. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and 6 min walk test (6MWT), and to determine the factors influencing exercise capacity in CF.
Methods
Fifty clinically stable CF patients were included in the study. Pulmonary function, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength were assessed, anthropometric measurements were recorded, and 6MWT and ISWT carried out.
Results
The CF patients covered significantly more distance in the ISWT than 6MWT (P < 0.001). Heart rate response and dyspnea score at the end of the tests and during the recovery phase were significantly higher in the ISWT compared with the 6MWT (P < 0.05). The 6MWT and ISWT had similar moderate–strong correlations with age, height, weight, pulmonary function, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength (P < 0.05). Forty‐nine percent of the variance in 6MWT distance was explained by age and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1; R2 = 0.49, F(2–48) = 22.033, P < 0.001). The variables contributing to ISWT distance were FEV1, inspiratory muscle strength, and body mass index (R2 = 0.596, F(3–44) = 20.176, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The ISWT is a better reflection of exercise tolerance in CF than 6MWT. ISWT is a preferable alternative assessment of exercise tolerance in terms of cardiorespiratory response.
Physical inactivity is a global problem which is related to many chronic health disorders. Physical activity scales which allow cross-cultural comparisons have been developed. The goal was to assess ...the reliability and validity of a Turkish version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). 1,097 university students (721 women, 376 men; ages 18–32) volunteered. Short and long forms of the IPAQ gave good agreement and comparable 1-wk. test-retest reliabilities. Caltrac accelerometer data were compared with IPAQ scores in 80 participants with good agreement for short and long forms. Turkish versions of the IPAQ short and long forms are reliable and valid in assessment of physical activity.
Respiratory muscle weakness occurs in sarcoidosis and is related to decreased exercise capacity, greater fatigue, dyspnea, and lower quality of life in sarcoidosis patients. The effects of ...inspiratory muscle training in this population have not been comprehensively investigated so far. This study was planned to investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle training on exercise capacity, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function and diffusing capacity, fatigue, dyspnea, depression, and quality of life in subjects with sarcoidosis.
This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, and double blind study. Fifteen sarcoidosis subjects (treatment group) received inspiratory muscle training at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (P(Imax)), and 15 subjects (control group) received sham therapy (5% of P(Imax)) for 6 weeks. Functional and maximal exercise capacity, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function and diffusing capacity, fatigue, dyspnea, depression, and quality of life were evaluated.
Functional (P < .001) and maximal exercise capacity (P = .038), respiratory muscle strength (P(Imax) P < .001 and P(Emax) P = .001), severe fatigue (P = .002), and dyspnea perception (P = .02) were statistically significantly improved in the treatment group compared with controls; no significant improvements were observed in pulmonary function and diffusing capacity, peripheral muscle strength, fatigue, depression, and quality of life between groups after inspiratory muscle training.
Inspiratory muscle training improves functional and maximal exercise capacity and respiratory muscle strength and decreases severe fatigue and dyspnea perception in subjects with early stages of sarcoidosis. Inspiratory muscle training can be safely and effectively included in rehabilitation programs. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT02270333.).
•IMST and IMET similarly improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance.•IMST and IMET similarly improve peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, PA level, and QoL•IMST and IMET similarly ...alleviate dyspnea and fatigue.•IMST and IMET are safe and effective methods in pacemaker patients with HF.
Studies have widely investigated the effects of inspiratory muscle strength training in patients with heart failure (HF). The effects of inspiratory muscle strength or endurance training on outcomes in patients with pacemakers have not been adequately studied.
The aim was to compare the effects of inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training on exercise capacity, quality of life (QoL), peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue, and physical activity levels in pacemaker patients with HF.
A randomized, controlled, double-blind study was conducted. Fourteen pacemaker patients with HF received inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) at 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and 18 patients received endurance training (IMET) at 30% of MIP 7 days/8 weeks. Exercise capacity 6 min. walking test (6MWT) and the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT), pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength MIP, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), endurance, peripheral muscle strength, dyspnea, fatigue, QoL, and physical activity level were evaluated before and after.
Demographic characteristics were similar in IMST (3F/11M, 56.92 ± 7.61y, EF: 25%, ICD/CRT:11/3) and IMET (4F/14M, 56 ± 10.77y, EF: 30%, ICD/CRT:16/2) groups (p > 0.05). Significant improvements were present in MIP, MEP, respiratory muscle endurance, peripheral muscle strength, 6MWT and ISWT walking distances, dyspnea, QoL, physical activity level, fatigue scores within groups (p ≤ 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant improvements in FEV1%, FVC%, FEV1/FVC%, and FEF25-75 within and between the groups (p > 0.05).
Inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training similarly improves respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, QoL, physical activity level, and decreases dyspnea and fatigue and are safe and effective in pacemaker patients with HF.
www.ClinicalTrials.gov; study number: NCT03501355.
The aims of this study were to compare pulmonary function, exercise capacity, physical activity levels, quality of life, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, dyspnea in patients with newly ...diagnosed hematologic malignancies and controls.
Twenty-three patients and 20 healthy controls were included. Pulmonary function, exercise capacity, physical activity level, quality of life, respiratory muscle strength maximum inspiratory (MIP), expiratory pressure (MEP), respiratory muscle endurance, and dyspnea were evaluated.
Patients' six-minute walk test distance, PEF, MIP, MEP, respiratory muscle endurance, total and active energy expenditure, physical activity duration, average MET's, number of steps, functional, social function, general health status scores were lower; dyspnea, symptom, fatigue subscales scores were higher compared with controls (p < .05).
Although pulmonary function is preserved, exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, physical activity, quality of life were impaired in patients. Individualized pulmonary rehabilitation programs should be performed in the early stage of the disease.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Summary
Objective
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes permanent problems, even mild severity. The long-term consequences of COVID-19 are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate physical ...activity levels, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, and pulmonary function in the long term in young adult COVID-19 patients who recovered from mild disease.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out at least 6 months after the COVID-19 diagnosis, 54 patients with COVID-19 (median age: 20 years) and 46 controls (median age: 21 years) were compared. Functional status (post-COVID-19 functional status scale), respiratory (maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP)) and peripheral muscle strength (dynamometer), pulmonary function (Spirometry), dyspnea and fatigue (modified Borg scale), and physical activity levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were evaluated. ClinicalTrial number: NCT05381714.
Results
Patients with COVID-19 measured and percent predicted MIP and MEP were statistically decreased compared with the controls (
p
< 0.05). Shoulder abductors muscle strength (
p
< 0.001) and the number of individuals with low physical activity levels were significantly higher in patients compared with controls (
p
= 0.048). Pulmonary function, quadriceps muscle strength, exertional dyspnea, and fatigue scores were similar in groups (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusion
Respiratory and peripheral muscle strength and physical activity levels are adversely affected in patients with COVID-19, even though the patients were mildly affected in the long term. Also, symptoms such as dyspnea and fatigue may persist. Therefore, these parameters should be evaluated in the long term, even in young adults who are mildly affected by COVID-19.
INTRODUCTIONKartagener's syndrome (KS), consisting of bronchiectasis, situs inversus totalis, and sinusitis, is a subtype of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). The presence of KS may affect ...respiratory and physical functions.PURPOSEThis study aimed to compare respiratory functions, exercise capacity, muscle strength, and physical activity levels among children with PCD with/without KS and healthy peers.METHODSFifteen patients with KS, 23 with PCD without KS, and 27 controls were compared. Pulmonary function, functional exercise capacity (6-minute walk test - 6MWT), maximal inspiratory, expiratory (MIP, MEP), and skeletal muscle strength, inspiratory muscle endurance (IME), and physical activity level were evaluated.RESULTSThe forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % (p = .009), forced expiratory flow from 25%-75% (FEF25-75%) % (p = .001), MIP (p = .034), MEP (p = .003), 6MWT distance (p = .001), and daily steps (p = .034) were significantly different among the groups. Quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle strength and IME were similar in groups (p ˃ .05). FEV1% (p = .002), FEF25-75% % (p = .001), MIP (p = .027), MEP (p = .001), and 6MWT distance (p = .003) in patients with KS; 6MWT distance (p = .003) in patients with PCD without KS was significantly lower than controls.CONCLUSIONThe presence of KS affects pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and physical activity more. Exercise capacity and physical activity levels are decreased, inspiratory muscle endurance and QF muscle strength are preserved in patients with KS and PCD without KS. Kartagener's syndrome further impairs pulmonary and extrapulmonary outcomes; the reasons should be investigated, and the necessity of rehabilitation approaches that will prevent deterioration come to the fore.
: A limited number of studies have reported impairments in physical activity, exercise capacity and quality of life (QOL) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allogeneic-HSCT) ...recipients. We aimed to compare dyspnea, exercise capacity, physical activity and QOL in allogeneic-HSCT recipients with age-gender matched healthy individuals, since this has not been investigated hitherto.
: A total of 80 allogeneic-HSCT recipients (>100 days status post-transplantation) (38.88 ± 13.25 years) and 60 healthy individuals (35.92 ± 10.83 years) were compared. Exercise capacity 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), physical activity level (total and active energy expenditure, moderate and severe physical activity duration, number of steps, average metabolic equivalent, lying down and sleeping duration) metabolic holter, QOL European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaire (EORTCQOL), dyspnea Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea scale and pulmonary functions spirometry were evaluated. Clinical trials #NCT03606005.
: Six-MWT distance, energy expenditure, physical activity duration, number of steps, average metabolic equivalent, global health status, functional and social function subscales of EORTCQOL were significantly lower in recipients compared with controls; dyspnea score, lying down, sleep durations, symptom and fatigue subscales of EORTCQOL were significantly higher in recipients compared with controls (
< 0.05).
: Dyspnea during daily living activities, exercise capacity, physical activity level and QOL are considerably impaired in allogeneic-HSCT recipients during post-engraftment period. To improve impaired outcomes, allogeneic-HSCT recipients should be oriented to cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs.
Pulmonary involvement is prevalent in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Arterial hypoxemia may reduce oxygen transferred to the skeletal muscles, possibly leading to impaired ...exercise capacity. Oxygen uptake may vary depending on the increased oxygen demand of the muscles during submaximal and maximal exercise.
This study aimed to compare muscle oxygenation during submaximal and maximal exercise tests in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome with pulmonary involvement.
Thirty-nine patients were included. Pulmonary function (spirometry), peripheral muscle strength (dynamometer), quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle oxygenation (Moxy® device), and submaximal exercise capacity (six-minute walk test (6-MWT)) were tested on the first day, maximal exercise capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)) was tested on the second day. Physical activity level was evaluated using an activity monitor worn for five consecutive days. Cardiopulmonary responses and muscle oxygenation were compared during 6-MWT and CPET.
Patients' minimum and recovery muscle oxygen saturation were significantly decreased; maximum total hemoglobin increased, heart rate, blood pressure, breathing frequency, dyspnea, fatigue, and leg fatigue at the end-of-test and recovery increased in CPET compared to 6-MWT (
< .050). Peak oxygen consumption (VO
) was 18.15 ± 4.75 ml/min/kg, VO
; percent predicted < 80% was measured in 51.28% patients. Six-MWT distance and QF muscle strength were less than 80% predicted in 58.9% and 76.9% patients, respectively.
In patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome with pulmonary involvement, muscle deoxygenation of QF is greater during maximal exercise than during submaximal exercise. Specifically, patients with lung impairment should be evaluated for deoxygenation and should be taken into consideration during pulmonary rehabilitation.
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