Objective:
To investigate compatibility, stability, and microbiologic risk of omadacycline 1 mg/mL when prepared in an elastomeric infusion pump and stored under refrigeration for 9 days based upon ...requests for information from healthcare providers.
Methods:
Omadacycline was reconstituted to 1 mg/mL with sodium chloride 0.9% w/v or dextrose 5% w/v in SMARTeZ® elastomeric infusion pumps and refrigerated for up to 9 days. Samples were taken daily and tested for appearance, pH, osmolality, chemical composition, and particulate matter. For a microbial challenge study, the pumps were spiked with a challenge microorganism (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, or Aspergillus brasiliensis) and samples were plated daily for 9 days to assess microbial survival.
Results:
Appearance, pH, osmolality, percent label claim, and particulate matter results remained essentially unchanged for omadacycline solutions in either diluent over the 9-day study. No > 0.5-log day-to-day increases in the challenge-microorganism populations were measured in diluted omadacycline pumps or positive controls. With omadacycline, no growth was seen for S. aureus or E. coli in either diluent, nor for P. aeruginosa in dextrose 5% w/v. Reduction of C. albicans and A. brasiliensis populations over time was similar between omadacycline solutions and positive controls.
Conclusion:
After reconstitution, omadacycline for injection was stable and remained within specifications for use for up to 9 days when refrigerated.
Deviated wrist postures and pinch grip use have been linked to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome and are likely related to the size and shape of the carpal tunnel. The purpose of this study ...was to quantify carpal tunnel dimensions with changes in wrist posture and pinch grip.
Eight healthy volunteers (4 male, 4 female) underwent magnetic resonance imaging of their dominant wrists under seven conditions which included: 30° wrist extension, neutral and 30° flexion (with and without a 10
N pinch force) and a fist with a neutral wrist. Cross-sectional area of the carpal tunnel and its contents were calculated at 3
mm increments along the length of the tunnel and integrated to calculate volumes. Ratios were calculated between the contents of the tunnel to the tunnel itself for area and volume.
The use of a correction factor significantly reduced volume and distal carpal tunnel area in flexed and extended wrists. Carpal tunnel areas were largest in neutral and smallest at the distal end with wrist flexion. An extended wrist resulted in the smallest carpal tunnel and content volumes as well as the smallest carpal tunnel content volume to carpal tunnel volume ratios. While men had significantly larger areas and volumes than women for both the carpal tunnel and it contents, there were no differences in ratios between the contents and tunnel size.
A simple correction factor for non-perpendicular magnetic resonance images proved useful in relating volume changes to known pressure changes within the carpal tunnel. More inclusive and detailed evaluation of the carpal tunnel and its contents is required to fully understand mechanisms for median nerve compression in the carpal tunnel.
Using an existing model for vapor bubble detachment, a subcooled flow boiling regime was identified where vapor bubble dynamics are independent of the gravitational field. The Jakob number and a ...dimensionless flow parameter were used to identify the boundaries of this regime. This work describes an experimental investigation of subcooled flow boiling heat transfer using FC-87 that was conducted with Jakob number ranging from 16–40, bulk flow velocity ranging from 0.39 to 1.17
m/s, and test section orientations of 0° horizontal flow, 45° upflow, 90° upflow, 315° downflow, and 270° downflow. The differences in the Nusselt number with different flow orientations are elucidated over the parameter space considered. Flow conditions where the heat transfer is independent of gravity have been identified and compared with the gravity dependent/independent regime map. It has been observed that at a particular Jakob number, the heat transfer is gravity independent at a lower bulk flow velocity than what is predicted by the theoretically based gravity dependent/independent regime map. Thus for design purposes, the regime map gives a conservative estimate for when the flow transitions into the gravity independent parameter space.
Objective
Previous studies have demonstrated quality concerns with misoprostol. Mifepristone, however, has not been extensively assessed for quality. Between 2020 and 2021, Concept Foundation and the ...International Planned Parenthood Federation conducted a study to determine the quality of these medical abortion drugs in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC).
Methods
The collection of batch samples of misoprostol and mifepristone was carried out by trained sampling agents in selected LMIC. Single drug packs and combipacks were sampled. A World Health Organization prequalified laboratory conducted testing method verifications and subsequent sample analysis. Tests included identification, assay, related substances, and content uniformity for misoprostol, and identification, assay, related substances, and dissolution for mifepristone.
Results
Samples were collected from Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Uganda and Vietnam. Sixty‐four pooled batch samples were tested, consisting of 31 combipacks, 26 misoprostol‐only and seven mifepristone‐only products. Overall, 54.7% of samples were non‐compliant with one or more of the specifications, representing 51.6% of combipack products, 57.1% of misoprostol tablets analyzed and 23.7% of mifepristone tablets. One falsified misoprostol‐only product was found.
Conclusion
The present study confirms that a significant problem still exists in relation to the quality of medical abortion drugs in LMIC. For misoprostol, our findings suggest that historical concerns around primary packaging may have been largely resolved but that manufacturing processes for both finished product and active pharmaceutical ingredient need to be improved. The present study also provides evidence of mifepristone quality issues.
Synopsis
Over half of mifepristone, misoprostol, and combipack samples collected and tested did not meet one or more requirements. One product was falsified.
MRI of the Carpal Tunnel Keir, Peter J.; Bower, Jason; Stanisz, Greg J.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise,
05/2004, Letnik:
36, Številka:
Supplement
Journal Article
MRI of the Carpal Tunnel Keir, Peter J.; Bower, Jason; Stanisz, Greg J.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise,
05/2004, Letnik:
36, Številka:
Supplement
Journal Article
Thesis (M.Sc.)--York University, 2004. Graduate Programme in Kinesiology and Health Science.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-74). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ...ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL:http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss&rft%5Fval%5Ffmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss:MQ99282
The most successful method of protein structure prediction is homology modeling. Because structure is more strongly conserved than sequence, the known structure of a protein may be used as a scaffold ...in building a model of a protein with related sequence. Three of the more difficult challenges in homology modeling are creating an alignment which reflects the true structural relationship of the template and the target proteins, modeling loop regions, and side-chain placement. This thesis describes my contributions to each of these problems. We have developed a novel loop-generation method which uses a genetic algorithm to search backbone conformations. This method is used to create models of multi-loop binding sites, such as those in antibodies and the human platelet thrombin receptor. We have also developed a novel method for placing side-chains onto a protein backbone, using a backbone-dependent rotamer library and a combinatorial search. The use of this algorithm to automatically build thousands of homology models, as well as two detailed homology models, is described. Finally, we describe the creation of a database of structurally analogous residues and multiply-aligned domain families. This database should provide a wealth of information concerning the structural consequences of sequence differences, such as those found in homology modeling projects. It may also provide clues for developing better alignments for homology modeling.
