Indications for epicutaneous patch testing include the detection or exclusion of allergic contact dermatitis of the skin, transitional mucosa or oral mucosa, suspected delayed-type immune reactions ...to ingredients of implants, and certain drug reactions (maculopapular exanthema, symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema SDRIFE, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis AGEP, and fixed drug eruption). When available, allergen preparations that have been pharmaceutically tested and that are approved or marketable as medicinal products should be used. Existing diagnostic gaps can be closed by testing the patient’s own materials in a suitable preparation. Interferences of ultraviolet (UV) light exposure or drugs with patch test reactions have to be considered. In addition to the reading after 48 h and 72 h, a further reading between day 7 (168 h) and day 10 (240 h) is useful, since about 15% of the positive test reactions remain undetected without this late reading. All positive patch test reactions considered allergic must be evaluated with regard to their clinical relevance based on existing exposures.
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the tape strip sampling technique in the assessment of stratum corneum levels of inflammatory mediators in a clinical trial setting. Methods: ...Thirty-eight inflammatory mediators were analyzed by a multiplex-assay in the stratum corneum, collected by adhesive tapes before and after 6 weeks of therapy, in mild and moderate atopic dermatitis (AD) patients (n = 90). Treatment was a ceramide- and magnesium-containing emollient. Results: Twenty-four mediators could quantitatively be determined. The Th2 mediators interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, CCL2 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1), CCL22 (macrophage-derived chemokine), and CCL17 thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) were significantly decreased after therapy as well as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-10, acute-phase protein serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein, and vascular adhesion molecule-1. The decrease of CCL17 and IL-8 was correlated with the decrease in disease severity in a subgroup of moderate AD individuals. Conclusion: Stratum corneum tape stripping offers a minimally invasive approach for studying local levels of immunomodulatory molecules in the skin. CCL17 (TARC) and IL-8 were found to be the most promising biomarkers of AD and might be useful for investigating the course of skin diseases and the effect of local therapy.
The 19.5% proportion of HCWs found in the present work who show signs of SP can generally be described as high. Since there have only been a few studies on the subject of SP to date, there is a lack ...of comparable data. Furthermore, it would be of interest to assess the severity of lesions and potential associations with stress or other factors (e.g., knowledge level of HCWs about skin care and protection), which was not investigated in this study. Beiersdorf AG had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
IntroductionHealthcare workers (HCWs) constitute a high-risk group for developing occupational hand eczema (HE). The present systematic review and meta-analysis will compile and appraise evidence ...regarding prevalence and incidence of HE in HCWs.Methods and analysisSystematic searches will be performed in three electronic literature databases (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science-Core Collection and Embase). Further references will be retrieved by a manual search of included studies’ reference lists using snowballing techniques. We will include experimental studies, observational studies, survey-based studies and clinical studies (publications in English, French and German from 2000 onwards) reporting on certified and apprentice HCWs, who actively work in the job. We will look at the following outcomes: Prevalence and incidence of clinically assessed as well as self-reported HE in the style of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-2002; HE severity (measured by eg, Hand Eczema Severity Index, Osnabrück Hand Eczema Severity Index, Physician Global Assessment or other validated instruments as well as self-reported or by using undefined categories such as ‘mild’, ‘moderate’ or ‘severe’); clinically assessed (eg, clinical diagnosis, UK Working Party’s diagnostic criteria, Hanifin and Rajka diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis (AD)) and self-reported AD. We will assess the risk of bias within studies using detailed criteria according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. As we expect heterogeneity in methods and outcomes, we will conduct sensitivity analyses. A narrative synthesis of results instead of a meta-analysis will be done in case that quantitative pooling is not feasible.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval and patient consent are not required as this work is based on published studies. The results will be published in an international, peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022303044.
CJ9-gD is a novel dominant-negative recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) that is completely replication-defective, cannot establish detectable latent infection in vivo, and expresses high ...levels of the major HSV-1 antigen glycoprotein D immediately following infection. In the present study, CJ9-gD was evaluated as a vaccine against HSV-2 genital infection in guinea pigs.
Animals immunized with CJ9-gD developed at least 700-fold higher titers of HSV-2-specific neutralization antibodies than mock-immunized controls. After challenge with wild-type HSV-2, all 10 control guinea pigs developed multiple genital lesions with an average of 21 lesions per animal. In contrast, only 2 minor lesions were found in 2 of 8 CJ9-gD-immunized animals, representing a 40-fold reduction on the incidence of primary genital lesions in immunized animals (p < 0.0001). Immunization significantly reduced the amount and duration of viral shedding and provided complete protection against neurological symptoms, while 90% of mock-immunized animals succumbed due to the severity of disease. Importantly, immunized animals showed no signs of recurrent disease or viral shedding during a 60-days observation period after recovery from primary infection, and carried 50-fold less latent viral DNA load in their dorsal root ganglia than the surviving mock-vaccinated controls (p < 0.0001).
Collectively, we demonstrate that vaccination with the HSV-1 recombinant CJ9-gD elicits strong and protective immune responses against primary and recurrent HSV-2 genital disease and significantly reduces the extent of latent infection.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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