•Integrin may act as an alternative receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and could be implicated in its transmission and pathology.•The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 acquired a RGD motif known to bind integrins. ...This motif is absent from other coronaviruses.•The integrin-binding motif is present at the surface of the spike protein, close to the ACE2 receptor-binding region.•Integrin binding may be a promising therapeutics target, and should be tested experimentally.
GOALS: The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey Armus, L.; Mazzarella, J. M.; Evans, A. S. ...
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific,
06/2009, Letnik:
121, Številka:
880
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS20) combines data from NASA’sSpitzer Space Telescope,
Chandra X-Ray Observatory,
Hubble Space Telescope(HST), andGalaxy Evolution Explorer(GALEX) ...observatories, together with ground-based data, into a comprehensive imaging and spectroscopic survey of over 200 low-redshift (
z < 0.088
z
<
0.088
), Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs). The LIRGs are a complete subset of theIRASRevised Bright Galaxy Sample (RBGS), which comprises 629 extragalactic objects with 60 μm flux densities above 5.24 Jy, and Galactic latitudes above five degrees. The LIRGs targeted in GOALS span the full range of nuclear spectral types defined via traditional optical line-ratio diagrams (type-1 and type-2 AGN, LINERs, and starbursts) as well as interaction stages (major mergers, minor mergers, and isolated galaxies). They provide an unbiased picture of the processes responsible for enhanced infrared emission in galaxies in the local Universe. As an example of the analytic power of the multiwavelength GOALS data set, we presentSpitzer, Chandra, HST,andGALEXimages and spectra for the interacting system VV 340 (IRAS
F14547 + 2449
F
14547
+
2449
). TheSpitzerMIPS imaging data indicates that between 80–95% of the total far-infrared emission (or about5 × 1011 L
⊙
5
×
10
11
L
⊙
) originates in VV 340 north. While theSpitzerIRAC colors of VV 340 north and south are consistent with star-forming galaxies, both theSpitzerIRS andChandraACIS data indicate the presence of an AGN in VV 340 north. The observed line fluxes, without correction for extinction, imply that the AGN accounts for less than 10%–20% of the observed infrared emission. The X-ray data are consistent with a heavily absorbed (
N
H
≥1024 cm-2
N
H
≥
10
24
cm
-
2
) AGN. The GALEX far and near-UV fluxes imply a extremely large infrared “excess” (IRX) for the system (FIR/Ffuv ∼ 81
F
IR
/
F
fuv
∼
81
) which is well above the correlation seen in starburst galaxies. Most of this excess is driven by VV 340 N, which has an IR excess of nearly 400. The VV 340 system seems to be comprised of two very different galaxies: an infrared luminous edge-on galaxy (VV 340 north) that dominates the long-wavelength emission from the system, which hosts a buried AGN; and a face-on starburst (VV 340 south) that dominates the short-wavelength emission.
Tropical reef systems are transitioning to a new era in which the interval between recurrent bouts of coral bleaching is too short for a full recovery of mature assemblages. We analyzed bleaching ...records at 100 globally distributed reef locations from 1980 to 2016. The median return time between pairs of severe bleaching events has diminished steadily since 1980 and is now only 6 years. As global warming has progressed, tropical sea surface temperatures are warmer now during current La Niña conditions than they were during El Niño events three decades ago. Consequently, as we transition to the Anthropocene, coral bleaching is occurring more frequently in all El Niño-Southern Oscillation phases, increasing the likelihood of annual bleaching in the coming decades.
DNA vectors that express short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters are a promising new tool to reduce gene expression in mammalian cells. shRNAs are processed to small ...interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of 21 nucleotides (nt) that guide the cleavage of the cognate mRNA by the RNA-induced silencing complex. Although siRNAs are thought to be too short to induce interferon expression, we report here that a substantial number of shRNA vectors can trigger an interferon response.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) is a comprehensive, multiwavelength study of luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the local universe. Here we present low resolution Spitzer ...Infrared Spectrograph spectra covering 5-38 mu m and provide a basic analysis of the mid-IR spectral properties observed for nearby LIRGs. In a companion paper, we discuss detailed fits to the spectra and compare the LIRGs to other classes of galaxies. When compared to the MIR spectra of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ~ 2, both the average GOALS LIRG and ULIRG spectra are more absorbed at 9.7 mu m and the average GOALS LIRG has more PAH emission. However, when the AGN contributions to both the local GOALS LIRGs and the high-z SMGs are removed, the average local starbursting LIRG closely resembles the starburst-dominated SMGs.
InterPro in 2022 Paysan-Lafosse, Typhaine; Blum, Matthias; Chuguransky, Sara ...
Nucleic acids research,
01/2023, Letnik:
51, Številka:
D1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The InterPro database (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/) provides an integrative classification of protein sequences into families, and identifies functionally important domains and conserved sites. ...Here, we report recent developments with InterPro (version 90.0) and its associated software, including updates to data content and to the website. These developments extend and enrich the information provided by InterPro, and provide a more user friendly access to the data. Additionally, we have worked on adding Pfam website features to the InterPro website, as the Pfam website will be retired in late 2022. We also show that InterPro's sequence coverage has kept pace with the growth of UniProtKB. Moreover, we report the development of a card game as a method of engaging the non-scientific community. Finally, we discuss the benefits and challenges brought by the use of artificial intelligence for protein structure prediction.
Stellar archaeology shows that massive elliptical galaxies formed rapidly about ten billion years ago with star-formation rates of above several hundred solar masses per year. Their progenitors are ...probably the submillimetre bright galaxies at redshifts z greater than 2. Although the mean molecular gas mass (5 × 10(10) solar masses) of the submillimetre bright galaxies can explain the formation of typical elliptical galaxies, it is inadequate to form elliptical galaxies that already have stellar masses above 2 × 10(11) solar masses at z ≈ 2. Here we report multi-wavelength high-resolution observations of a rare merger of two massive submillimetre bright galaxies at z = 2.3. The system is seen to be forming stars at a rate of 2,000 solar masses per year. The star-formation efficiency is an order of magnitude greater than that of normal galaxies, so the gas reservoir will be exhausted and star formation will be quenched in only around 200 million years. At a projected separation of 19 kiloparsecs, the two massive starbursts are about to merge and form a passive elliptical galaxy with a stellar mass of about 4 × 10(11) solar masses. We conclude that gas-rich major galaxy mergers with intense star formation can form the most massive elliptical galaxies by z ≈ 1.5.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Nuclear stellar cusps are defined as central excess light component in the stellar light profiles of galaxies and are suggested to be stellar relics of intense compact starbursts in the central ...∼100-500 pc region of gas-rich major mergers. Here, we probe the build-up of nuclear cusps during the actual starburst phase for a complete sample of luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG) systems (85 LIRGs, with 11.4 < log L
IR/L < 12.5) in the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey sample. Cusp properties are derived via 2D fitting of the nuclear stellar light imaged in the near-infrared (NIR) by the Hubble Space Telescope and have been combined with mid-infrared (IR) diagnostics for active galactic nucleus (AGN)/starburst characterization. We find that nuclear stellar cusps are resolved in 76 per cent of LIRGs (merger and non-interacting galaxies). The cusp strength and luminosity increase with far-IR luminosity (excluding AGN) and merger stage, confirming theoretical models that starburst activity is associated with the build-up of nuclear stellar cusps. Evidence for ultracompact nuclear starbursts is found in ∼13 per cent of LIRGs, which have a strong unresolved central NIR light component but no significant contribution of an AGN. The nuclear NIR surface density (measured within 1 kpc radius) increases by a factor of ∼5 towards late merger stages. A careful comparison to local early-type galaxies with comparable masses reveals (a) that local (U)LIRGs have a significantly larger cusp fraction and (b) that the majority of the cusp LIRGs have host galaxy luminosities (H band) similar to core ellipticals which are roughly one order in magnitude larger than those for cusp ellipticals.
Abstract
The InterPro database (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/) provides an integrative classification of protein sequences into families, and identifies functionally important domains and conserved ...sites. InterProScan is the underlying software that allows protein and nucleic acid sequences to be searched against InterPro's signatures. Signatures are predictive models which describe protein families, domains or sites, and are provided by multiple databases. InterPro combines signatures representing equivalent families, domains or sites, and provides additional information such as descriptions, literature references and Gene Ontology (GO) terms, to produce a comprehensive resource for protein classification. Founded in 1999, InterPro has become one of the most widely used resources for protein family annotation. Here, we report the status of InterPro (version 81.0) in its 20th year of operation, and its associated software, including updates to database content, the release of a new website and REST API, and performance improvements in InterProScan.
Abstract
The InterPro database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/) classifies protein sequences into families and predicts the presence of functionally important domains and sites. Here, we report ...recent developments with InterPro (version 70.0) and its associated software, including an 18% growth in the size of the database in terms on new InterPro entries, updates to content, the inclusion of an additional entry type, refined modelling of discontinuous domains, and the development of a new programmatic interface and website. These developments extend and enrich the information provided by InterPro, and provide greater flexibility in terms of data access. We also show that InterPro's sequence coverage has kept pace with the growth of UniProtKB, and discuss how our evaluation of residue coverage may help guide future curation activities.
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