New Cellular Automata associated with the Schroedinger discrete spectral problem are derived. These Cellular Automata possess an infinite (countable) set of constants of motion.
Propolis obtained from honeybee hives has been widely used in medicine, cosmetics, and industry due to its versatile biological activities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, fungicidal, antiviral, ...antiulcer, immunostimulating, and cytostatic). These activities are mainly attributed to the presence of flavonoids in propolis, which points out the interest in quantifying these constituents in propolis preparations, as well as validation of analytical methodologies. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have been reported to quantify isolated flavonoids or these compounds in complex biological matrices, such as herbal raw materials and extractive preparations. An efficient, precise, and reliable method was developed for quantification of propolis extractive solution using HPLC with UV detection. The chromatograms were obtained from various gradient elution systems (GES) tested in order to establish the ideal conditions for the analysis of propolis extractive solution, using methanol and water:acetonitrile (97.5:2.5, v/v) as mobile phase. Gradient reversed phase chromatography was performed using a stainless steel column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) filled with Chromsep RP 18 (Varian), column temperature at 30.0 ± 0.1°C and detection at 310 nm. The main validation parameters of the method were also determined. The method showed linearity for chrysin in the range 0.24-2.4 µg mL
−1
with good correlation coefficients (0.9975). Precision and accuracy were determined. The obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The analytical procedure is reliable and offers advantages in terms of speed and cost of reagents.
During the shutdown of the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2013-2014, an additional pixel layer was installed between the existing Pixel detector of the ATLAS experiment and a new, smaller radius beam ...pipe. The motivation for this new pixel layer, the Insertable B-Layer (IBL), was to maintain or improve the robustness and performance of the ATLAS tracking system, given the higher instantaneous and integrated luminosities realised following the shutdown. Because of the extreme radiation and collision rate environment, several new radiation-tolerant sensor and electronic technologies were utilised for this layer. This paper reports on the IBL construction and integration prior to its operation in the ATLAS detector.
Several applications of an explicitly invertible transformation are reported. This transformation is elementary and therefore all the results obtained via it might be considered trivial; yet the ...findings highlighted in this paper are generally far from appearing trivial until the way they are obtained is revealed. Various contexts are considered: algebraic and Diophantine equations, nonlinear Sturm-Liouville problems, dynamical systems (with continuous and with discrete time), nonlinear partial differential equations, analytical geometry, functional equations. While this transformation, in one or another context, is certainly known to many, it does not seem to be as universally known as it deserves to be, for instance it is not routinely taught in basic University courses (to the best of our knowledge). The main purpose of this paper is to bring about a change in this respect; but we also hope that some of the findings reported herein - and the multitude of analogous findings easily obtainable via this technique - will be considered remarkable by the relevant experts, in spite of their elementary origin.
ABSTRACT
Scale‐degree qualia are the fundamental building blocks of tonal cognition. Despite the recent flurry of scholarly activity surrounding their nature, certain conceptual entanglements ...persist. I argue that when scholars (and pedagogues) invoke the notion of scale degrees, they typically conflate two subcomponents of scale‐degree experience – which I call ‘generic scalar position’ and ‘specific modal character’ – and treat them as if they were one composite thing. In response, I propose an ordered‐triple notation for labelling scale degrees that insists on the representational separation of these two subcomponents, and I demonstrate through a series of analytical vignettes that conceiving of scale degrees in this manner can shed new light on a variety of common musical scenarios, from local tonicisations to large‐scale modulations to moments of tonal/modal ambiguity. This ordered‐triple notation is intentionally designed for a flexible domain of application, not just to European tonal music but also to Western popular music and more generally to any music in any of the seven diatonic modes.
A modified Neuhoff's colloidal Coomassie Blue G‐250 stain is reported, dubbed “blue silver” on account of its considerably higher sensitivity, approaching the one of conventional silver staining. The ...main modifications, as compared to Neuhoff's protocol, were: a 20% increment in dye concentration (from 0.1% up to 0.12%) and a much higher level of phosphoric acid in the recipe (from 2% up to 10%). The “blue silver” exhibits a much faster dye uptake (80% during the first hour of coloration, vs. none with a commercial preparation from Sigma). Even at equilibrium (24 h staining), the “blue silver” exhibits a much higher sensitivity than all other recipes, approaching (but lower than) the one of the classical silver stain. Measurements of stain sensitivity after sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) gave a detection limit (signal‐to‐noise ratio > 3) of 1 ng in a single zone. The somewhat lower sensitivity of “blue silver” as compared to classical silvering protocols in the presence of aldehydes is amply compensated for by its full compatibility with mass spectrometry of eluted polypeptide chains, after a two‐dimensional map analysis, thus confirming that no dye is covalently bound (or permanently modifies) to any residue in the proteinaceous material. It is believed that the higher level of phosphoric acid in the recipe, thus its lower final pH, helps in protonating the last dissociated residues of Asp and Glu in the polypeptide coils, thus greatly favoring ionic anchoring of dye molecules to the protein moiety. Such a binding, though, must be followed by considerable hydrophobic association with the aromatic and hydrophobic residues along the polypeptide backbone.
In this paper (as in previous ones) we identify and investigate polynomials
featuring at least one additional parameter ν besides their argument x and the integer n identifying their degree. They are ...orthogonal (provided the parameters they generally feature fit into appropriate ranges) inasmuch as they are defined via standard three-term linear recursion relations; and they are interesting inasmuch as they obey a second linear recursion relation involving shifts of the parameter ν and of their degree n, and as a consequence, for special values of the parameter ν, also remarkable factorizations, often having a Diophantine connotation. The main focus of this paper is to relate our previous machinery to the standard approach to discrete integrability, and to identify classes of polynomials featuring these remarkable properties.
Conceptual design report for the LUXE experiment Abramowicz, H.; Acosta, U.; Altarelli, M. ...
The European physical journal. ST, Special topics,
2021, Letnik:
230, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This Conceptual Design Report describes LUXE (Laser Und XFEL Experiment), an experimental campaign that aims to combine the high-quality and high-energy electron beam of the European XFEL with a ...powerful laser to explore the uncharted terrain of quantum electrodynamics characterised by both high energy and high intensity. We will reach this hitherto inaccessible regime of quantum physics by analysing high-energy electron-photon and photon-photon interactions in the extreme environment provided by an intense laser focus. The physics background and its relevance are presented in the science case which in turn leads to, and justifies, the ensuing plan for all aspects of the experiment: Our choice of experimental parameters allows (i) field strengths to be probed where the coupling to charges becomes non-perturbative and (ii) a precision to be achieved that permits a detailed comparison of the measured data with calculations. In addition, the high photon flux predicted will enable a sensitive search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The initial phase of the experiment will employ an existing 40 TW laser, whereas the second phase will utilise an upgraded laser power of 350 TW. All expectations regarding the performance of the experimental set-up as well as the expected physics results are based on detailed numerical simulations throughout.
A
bstract
Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) are hypothetical particles predicted by many extensions of the Standard Model. These particles can, among other things, explain the origin of neutrino masses, ...generate the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe and provide a dark matter candidate.
The SHiP experiment will be able to search for HNLs produced in decays of heavy mesons and travelling distances ranging between
O
(50 m) and tens of kilometers before decaying. We present the sensitivity of the SHiP experiment to a number of HNL’s benchmark models and provide a way to calculate the SHiP’s sensitivity to HNLs for arbitrary patterns of flavour mixings. The corresponding tools and data files are also made publicly available.
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