The incidence and mortality of ST-elevated myocardial infarction are increasing year by year, causing a huge economic burden to patients’ families due to its severe clinical symptoms, high mortality, ...and poor prognosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention is the best treatment strategy for reducing myocardial infarction area, prolonging survival, and improving prognosis. To further improve the clinical effect of percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of ST-elevated myocardial infarction, this study explored the application value of nicorandil in the procedure. Oral nicorandil tablets were found to improve the cardiac function and myocardial microcirculation of patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction, enhance their nutritional status, and reduce the risk of malnutrition. In the 6-month prognostic follow-up, nicorandil tablets provided more effective prognostic myocardial protection for patients. Therefore, we recommend the use of nicorandil tablets for adjuvant therapy during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the future.
•An analytical reliability evaluation method for CIESs based on fault incidence matrix (FIM) is proposed.•The energy-bus-based unified reliability evaluation model of CIESs is presented to describe ...the energy flows of the system in a unified matrix form.•The case study is performed based on a practical CIES to demonstrate the advantages of the FIMs in reliability index calculation and vulnerability identification.
Reliability evaluation is essential for the planning, operation, and analysis of community integrated energy systems (CIESs). However, it is still challenging to quantify the reliability of CIESs accurately and efficiently because of the diverse energy characteristics and energy conversion relationships. In this paper, a reliability evaluation method for CIESs based on fault incidence matrix (FIM) is proposed to analytically demonstrate the impact of equipment failures on system energy supply. The energy-bus-based unified reliability evaluation model of CIESs is presented to describe the energy flows of the system in a unified matrix form. Three types of FIMs are constructed to reveal the different consequences of device failures on energy supply. The reliability indices of a CIES can be directly calculated through simple algebraic and Boolean operations based on the FIMs, improving the calculation efficiency significantly. The FIMs make it easy to identify the vulnerability segments of the system, which is desirable in the practice of device maintenance or upgrade to improve the reliability of the CIES. Case studies are conducted on a typical CIES to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
The operation evaluation is essential to promote the economic and environmental performance of a community integrated energy system (CIES). Due to the abundant energy forms, flexible supply paths, ...and various conversion devices in CIES, the refined evaluation and analysis of the complex energy supply and consumption process in a CIES remain challenging. This paper develops a refined operation evaluation method for CIESs based on exergoeconomics. First, the exergoeconomic model of CIESs is established considering the energy supply and conversion relations. A refined evaluation index set is constructed on this basis, including energy efficiency, economy, and asset utilization level. The index quantification methods for energy storage and conversion devices are designed separately. Finally, the proposed method is implemented and validated in a practical CIES, which effectively identifies the potential for performance improvement and can be used in various applications such as comparative diagnosis of equipment status.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the infectious disease COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), which was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Despite ...extensive efforts to control the disease, COVID-19 has now spread to more than 100 countries and caused a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is thought to have originated in bats; however, the intermediate animal sources of the virus are unknown. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of ferrets and animals in close contact with humans to SARS-CoV-2. We found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates poorly in dogs, pigs, chickens, and ducks, but ferrets and cats are permissive to infection. Additionally, cats are susceptible to airborne transmission. Our study provides insights into the animal models for SARS-CoV-2 and animal management for COVID-19 control.
African swine fever virus (ASFV) has been circulating in China for more than two years, and it is not clear whether the biological properties of the virus have changed. Here, we report on our ...surveillance of ASFVs in seven provinces of China, from June to December, 2020. A total of 22 viruses were isolated and characterized as genotype II ASFVs, with mutations, deletions, insertions, or short-fragment replacement occurring in all isolates compared with Pig/HLJ/2018 (HLJ/18), the earliest isolate in China. Eleven isolates had four different types of natural mutations or deletion in the EP402R gene and displayed a non-hemadsorbing (non-HAD) phenotype. Four isolates were tested for virulence in pigs; two were found to be as highly lethal as HLJ/18. However, two non-HAD isolates showed lower virulence but were highly transmissible; infection with 10
TCID
dose was partially lethal and caused acute or sub-acute disease, whereas 10
TCID
dose caused non-lethal, sub-acute or chronic disease, and persistent infection. The emergence of lower virulent natural mutants brings greater difficulty to the early diagnosis of ASF and creates new challenges for ASFV control.
African swine fever (ASF) entered China in August 2018 and rapidly spread across the entire country, severely threatening the Chinese domestic pig population, which accounts for more than 50% of the ...pig population worldwide. In this study, an ASFV isolate, Pig/Heilongjiang/2018 (Pig/HLJ/18), was isolated in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) from a pig sample from an ASF outbreak farm. The isolate was characterized by using the haemadsorption (HAD) test, Western blotting and immunofluorescence, and electronic microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral p72 gene revealed that Pig/HLJ/18 belongs to Genotype II. Infectious titres of virus propagated in primary PAMs and pig marrow macrophages were as high as 10
7.2
HAD
50
/ml. Specific-pathogen-free pigs intramuscularly inoculated with different virus dosages at 10
3.5
-10
6.5
HAD
50
showed acute disease with fever and haemorrhagic signs. The incubation periods were 3-5 days for virus-inoculated pigs and 9 days for contact pigs. All virus-inoculated pigs died between 6-9 days post-inoculation (p.i.), and the contact pigs died between 13-14 days post-contact (p.c.). Viremia started on day 2 p.i. in inoculated pigs and on day 9 p.c. in contact pigs. Viral genomic DNA started to be detected from oral and rectal swab samples on 2-5 days p.i. in virus-inoculated pigs, and 6-10 days p.c. in contact pigs. These results indicate that Pig/HLJ/18 is highly virulent and transmissible in domestic pigs. Our study demonstrates the threat of ASFV and emphasizes the need to control and eradicate ASF in China.
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