A new airborne facility instrument for Earth science applications is introduced. The Mineral and Gas Identifier (MAGI) is a wide-swath (programmable up to ±42° off nadir) moderate spectral resolution ...thermal-infrared (TIR) imaging spectrometer that spans the 7.1- to 12.7-μm spectral window in 32 uniform and contiguous channels. Its spectral resolution enables improved discrimination of rock and mineral types, greatly expanded gas-detection capability, and generally more accurate land-surface temperature retrievals. The instrument design arose from trade studies between spectral resolution, spectral range, and instrument sensitivity and has now been validated by flight data acquired with the completed sensor. It offers a potential prototype for future space-based TIR instruments, which will require much higher spectral resolution than is currently available in order to address more detailed climate, anthropogenic, and solid Earth science questions.
Impact of electrostriction in CATV networks' performance Boskovic, A.; Buckland, E.L.
Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Technical Digest Postconference Edition. Trends in Optics and Photonics Vol.37 (IEEE Cat. No. 00CH37079),
2000, Letnik:
4
Conference Proceeding
Electrostriction is identified as one of the main sources of crosstalk in CATV networks using WDM and sub-carrier multiplexing. The contribution of electrostriction to crosstalk is experimentally ...investigated for up to 8 WDM channels and enhancements of the overall crosstalk level of up to 5 dB are observed.
CD36, a major adhesion molecule expressed by monocytes/macrophages, plays a key role in the binding and internalization of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL). This adhesion molecule, a member ...of an important scavenger receptor family, contains a very short C-terminal cytoplasmic tail that is known to induce intracellular signalling events. However, the domains on the cytoplasmic tail involved in such signal transduction are unknown. In this study, we have investigated the functional components of the cytoplasmic tail by site-directed mutagenesis coupled with functional OxLDL and monoclonal antibody (mAb) binding studies. Seven truncated or punctual CD36 constructs, localized in the cytoplasmic tail, were produced by site-directed mutagenesis. Each construct was stably expressed in HEK293 cells. We used a quantitative and a qualitative method, labelling OxLDL with either iodine or rhodamine, to determine the functional importance of the cytoplasmic domains in OxLDL internalization. Results indicate that: (1) a deletion of the last amino-acid (construct K472STOP) significantly reduces, compared with wild-type, the binding, internalization and degradation of OxLDL; (2) truncation of the last six amino-acids (construct R467STOP) significantly reduces OxLDL binding; (3) the above two constructs (K472STOP and R467STOP) showed a reduced rate of OxLDL internalization compared with wild-type; (4) the binding and rate of internalization of an anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody (10/5) was not affected by the above mentioned mutants (K472STOP and R467STOP), compared with wild-type. This study shows, for the first time, a specific site on the CD36 cytoplasmic tail that is critical for the binding, endocytosis and targeting of OxLDL.
Using the Earth as a neutrino converter, tau neutrino fluxes from
astrophysical point sources can be detected by tau-lepton-induced extensive air
showers (EASs). Both muon neutrino and tau neutrino ...induced upward-going EAS
signals can be detected by terrestrial, sub-orbital and satellite-based
instruments. The sensitivity of these neutrino telescopes can be evaluated with
the nuSpaceSim package, which includes the nuPyProp simulation package. The
nuPyProp package propagates neutrinos ($\nu_\mu$, $\nu_\tau$) through the Earth
to produce the corresponding charged leptons (muons and tau-leptons). We use
nuPyProp to quantify the uncertainties from Earth density models, tau
depolarization effects and photo-nuclear electromagnetic energy loss models in
the charged lepton exit probabilities and their spectra. The largest
uncertainties come from electromagnetic energy loss modeling, with as much as a
20-50% difference between the models. We compare nuPyProp results with other
simulation package results.
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle physics, Volume 2023,
January 2023, 041 Ultra-high-energy neutrinos serve as messengers of some of the highest energy
astrophysical environments. Given that ...neutrinos are neutral and only interact
via weak interactions, neutrinos can emerge from sources, traverse astronomical
distances, and point back to their origins. Their weak interactions require
large target volumes for neutrino detection. Using the Earth as a neutrino
converter, terrestrial, sub-orbital, and satellite-based instruments are able
to detect signals of neutrino-induced extensive air showers. In this paper, we
describe the software code $\texttt{nuPyProp}$ that simulates tau neutrino and
muon neutrino interactions in the Earth and predicts the spectrum of the
$\tau$-lepton and muons that emerge. The $\texttt{nuPyProp}$ outputs are lookup
tables of charged lepton exit probabilities and energies that can be used
directly or as inputs to the $\texttt{nuSpaceSim}$ code designed to simulate
optical and radio signals from extensive air showers induced by the emerging
charged leptons. We describe the inputs to the code, demonstrate its
flexibility and show selected results for $\tau$-lepton and muon exit
probabilities and energy distributions. The $\texttt{nuPyProp}$ code is open
source, available on Github.
P-selectin (CD62P), an adhesion molecule localized in platelet alpha-granules and endothelial cell Weibel-Palade bodies, is rapidly expressed on the surface of activated cells. This adhesion ...molecule, a member of the selectin family, mediates leucocyte interactions with activated platelets or endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the epitope of a functional blocking P-selectin monoclonal antibody (mAb), LYP20. LYP20 recognizes human or rat, but not mouse, P-selectin. Human/mouse chimaeras and wild-type constructs, modified by homologue replacement mutagenesis, were expressed in COS cells. Blocking anti-(P-selectin) mAbs (G1, G3 or CLB-thromb/6) were observed, by flow cytometry, to bind to the lectin-like domain. In contrast, LYP20 was found to bind to one of the P-selectin short complement-like repeats (SCR domain 4). Homologue replacement mutagenesis of SCR domain 4 (region delineated by amino acid residues 359-457) identified three amino acids (Cys412-->Ser, Cys416-->Ser or Arg415-->Lys) as being implicated in the LYP20 epitope. Deleting the region bearing the LYP20 epitope, from a wild-type CD62P construct, showed a decrease in polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) binding to transfected COS cells. In addition, mutation of one of the three amino acids, implicated in the LYP20 epitope, markedly affected PMNL binding to transfected COS cells but did not affect the binding of mAbs G1 and CLB-thromb/6. These results are the first to indicate (1) that a functional blocking anti-P-selectin mAb binds to SCR 4, a site other than the lectin-like/epidermal growth factor-like domain, and (2) that SCR domain 4 has a functional role in P-selectin-leucocyte interactions.
Ultra-high-energy neutrinos serve as messengers of some of the highest energy astrophysical environments. Given that neutrinos are neutral and only interact via weak interactions, neutrinos can ...emerge from sources, traverse astronomical distances, and point back to their origins. Their weak interactions require large target volumes for neutrino detection. Using the Earth as a neutrino converter, terrestrial, sub-orbital, and satellite-based instruments are able to detect signals of neutrino-induced extensive air showers. In this paper, we describe the software code \(\texttt{nuPyProp}\) that simulates tau neutrino and muon neutrino interactions in the Earth and predicts the spectrum of the \(\tau\)-lepton and muons that emerge. The \(\texttt{nuPyProp}\) outputs are lookup tables of charged lepton exit probabilities and energies that can be used directly or as inputs to the \(\texttt{nuSpaceSim}\) code designed to simulate optical and radio signals from extensive air showers induced by the emerging charged leptons. We describe the inputs to the code, demonstrate its flexibility and show selected results for \(\tau\)-lepton and muon exit probabilities and energy distributions. The \(\texttt{nuPyProp}\) code is open source, available on Github.
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