Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with about 37,000 species of land plants. Part of this biodiversity is within protected areas. The development of online databases in the ...last years greatly improved the available biodiversity data. However, the existing databases do not provide information about the protected areas in which individual plant species occur. The lack of such information is a crucial gap for conservation actions. This study aimed to show how the information captured from online databases, cleaned by a protocol and verified by taxonomists allowed us to obtain a comprehensive list of the vascular plant species from the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia", the first national park founded in Brazil. All existing records in the online database JABOT (15,100 vouchers) were downloaded, resulting in 11,783 vouchers identified at the species level. Overall, we documented 2,316 species belonging to 176 families and 837 genera of vascular plants in the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia". Considering the whole vascular flora, 2,238 species are native and 78 are non-native.
The "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia" houses 13% of the angiosperm and 37% of the fern species known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Amongst these species, 82 have been cited as threatened, following IUCN categories (CR, EN or VU), seven are data deficient (DD) and 15 have been classified as a conservation priority, because they are only known from a single specimen collected before 1969.
Calea comprises 157 species that occur in the Neotropics. The genus is organized into eight subgenera and 18 sections. Calea sect. Meyeria consists of eight species occurring exclusively in ...south-central Brazil. In this study, pollen grains from these eight species were sampled from herborized flower buds in pre-anthesis. Pollen samples were acetolyzed, measured, and photographed under a light microscope. Unacetolyzed pollen grains were examined under a scanning electron microscope. The results were used to characterize pollen morphology and construct a palynotaxonomic key for Calea sect. Meyeria. The analyzed pollen grains were monads, isopolar, usually medium-sized, oblate spheroidal, tricolporate, with lalongate endoaperture, the sexine echinate and thicker than the nexine, and six spines in the apocolpium region. The eight species have very similar pollen grains, but some characters are informative for this section, namely pollen size, polar area, sexine ornamentation, and endoaperture characteristics. Despite the similarity of the pollen grains, palynological analysis was able to contribute to the delimitation of Calea species, providing new information for species distinction within Calea sect. Meyeria.
We provide here a new combination,
Ichthyothere quinquenervia
, based on Vellozo’s name
Terrentia quinquenervis
(Asteraceae, Millerieae). This species was formerly known under the name
Ichthyothere ...integrifolia
, and can be recognized by being an herbaceous plant with a terminal cymose inflorescence usually with three heads, and an involucre with three or four inner phyllaries. We also designate a lectotype for
Terrentia quinquenervia
and for some of its synonyms.
Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to ...know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of "Parque Nacional do Caparaó" (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states.
"Parque Nacional do Caparaó" houses 8% of the land plant species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including 6% of its angiosperms, 31% of its lycophytes and ferns and 14% of its avascular plants. Twelve percent of the threatened species listed for the State of Espírito Santo and 7% listed for the State of Minas Gerais are also protected by PNC. Surprisingly, 79% of the collections analysed here were carried out in Minas Gerais, which represents just 21% of the total extension of the Park. The compiled data uncover a huge botanical collection gap in this federally-protected area.
The response of the commercial XRA-24 PIN photodiode (5.76 mm2 active area) for clinical electron beam dosimetry covering the range of 8-12 MeV was investigated. Within this energy range, the charge ...generated in the diode’s sensitive volume is linearly dependent on the absorbed dose up to 320 cGy. However, charge sensitivity coefficients evidenced that the dose response of the diode is slightly dependent on the electron beam energy. Indeed, the diode’s energy dependence was within 8.5% for 8-12MeV electron beams. On the other hand, it was also observed an excellent repeatability of these results with a variation coefficient (VC) lower than 0.4%, which is within the 1% tolerance limit recommended by the AAPM TG-62. Furthermore, the agreement between the percentage depth dose profiles (PDD) gathered with the diode and the ionization chamber allowed achieving the electron beam quality within 1% of that obtained with the ionization chamber. Based on these results, the photodiode XRA-24 can be a reliable and inexpensive alternative for electron beams dosimetry.
This study aimed to evaluate levels of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract (YME), as a feed additive in the diets of growing lambs on serum biochemical parameters and hematological indices, ...animal performance, body metrics and carcass traits. Thirty-six entire (nine per treatment), male growing lambs, weighing 23.8 + or - 3.7 kg, were fed the experimental diets which were treatments consisting of increasing levels of YME (0,1,2, and 4% inclusion on a dry matter DM basis) during an experimental period of 53 days. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, which initial body weight was used as blocking factor and the results were analyzed by orthogonal contrasts (linear, quadratic, and cubic). Yerba mate extract did not change the general health status of the animals; however, inclusions of up to 2% of the extract increased globulins (p = 0.05) and white blood cell count, as segmented neutrophils (p = 0.02) and lymphocytes (p = 0.04). Additionally, inclusion of up to 2% YME increased dry matter intake, final weight gain, total and daily gain (p < 0.05), also tended to increase ribeye area and reduce fat thickness (p < 0.10); however, YME above 2% of inclusion reduced animal productive parameters (p < 0.05). In conclusion, levels up to 2% of YME were beneficial to the health and productive parameters of growing lambs.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This article presents the rare case of a patient with gemination and fusion involving conical supernumerary teeth and the second mandibular molar, along with its treatment. The 13-year-old girl, ...without any associated syndromes and currently undergoing orthodontic treatment, was referred for evaluation due to the presence of a supernumerary tooth. Following a clinical examination and analysis of a panoramic radiograph, a cone beam computed tomography was requested for a more detailed assessment of the supernumerary tooth and its relationship with adjacent structures. The sagittal sections revealed the presence of two conical paramolar supernumerary teeth, which were geminated and fused to the mesial root of tooth 47. The suggested treatment was the surgical removal of the supernumerary teeth, which was successfully performed without complications and with good healing. After one-year post-procedure, the formation of periodontal ligament was verified at the site where the supernumerary teeth were extracted. The simultaneous occurrence of gemination of two supernumerary teeth and their fusion to a mandibular molar is extremely rare, and their surgical removal provided the patient with better plaque control in the region and contributed to the progress of orthodontic treatment.
Gemination and fusion of supernumerary teeth and second mandibular molar.
Objective: To assess the mandibular cortical index (MCI) in patients with cirrhosis and liver disease (PC) patients without cirrhosis in the control group (CG) awaiting transplantation and identify ...morphologic patterns suggestive of low bone mineral density (BMD) alterations, compared with patients without cirrhosisin the control group (CG) using panoramic radiographs. Study Design: Eighty-eight patients with liver disease and 88 patients without liver disease were evaluated. Nonparametric correlations between MCI and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the CG results were carried out with Spearman test, at a level of significance of 5%, as well as correlations between MCI and other variables from the PC group (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease MELD and time of duration of liver disease). Logistic regression was used to determinate whether the PC group has a higher risk of low BMD in the mandible. Results: For the PC group, MCI and T-scores showed a moderate to strong inverse correlation (r = –0.71; P = .000). For the PC group, MCI showed no significant correlation between MELD (P = .402) nor with the time of liver disease (P = .736). Odds ratio (OR) analysis showed that the presence of liver disease (OR = 6.61; 95% CI, 3.10-18.08) was significantly associated with low BMD of the mandible. Conclusion: Patients awaiting liver transplantation have a higher risk of low BMD compared with patients without liver disease.
Bacaba (
Mart.) is a native palm tree from Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes. This tree produces a small, rounded fruit with dark skin and approximately 1.5 mm thick pulp, extensively utilized for ...palm heart extraction, juices, and jellies (De Cól et al. 2021). However, several diseases can adversely impact fruit yield and quality. During the 2021 growing season, anthracnose symptoms were observed in Bacaba fruits, with a disease incidence of 58% in fruits collected from the Abreulândia (9°37'15″ S, 49°9'3″ W) and Gurupi (12°25'46" S; 49°16'42" W) municipalities in Tocantins state, Brazil. A total of 198 fruits exhibiting anthracnose symptoms, characterized by deep necrotic spots, were collected. In the laboratory, symptomatic fruits had their external surfaces sterilized for 30 seconds in 70% ethanol, 1 min in 1.5% NaOCl, and then rinsed with sterile distilled water. Sterilized pieces of the fruit tissue were transferred to PDA medium and incubated for 7 days at 28 ºC with a 12 h photoperiod. After this period, two isolates were obtained from the colonies and were identified both macroscopically and microscopically as
sp. The colonies grown at PDA showed a white to grey cottony mycelia, with straight and fusiform conidia, ranging from 14.0 to 21.0 (mean value of 15.8 ± 1.8) µm in length and 4.0 to 7.0 (mean value of 5.5 ± 0.7) µm in width, (n = 50). For species identification, the intergenic spacer between DNA lyase, mating-type locus MAT1-2-1 (APN2/MAT-IGS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), glutamine synthetase (GS), and β-tubulin (TUB) loci were amplified and sequenced. Resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank (OR333843, OR333844, OR333845 and OR333846). BLAST analysis of the partial APN2/MAT-IGS (99%), GAPDH (99,48%), GS (99,32%) and TUB (99,48%) sequences showed highly similarity to
isolates (IIFT223 and CBS130147). Maximum likelihood multilocus analysis placed the isolate UFTC16 within the
clade with 98% bootstrap support, clearly assigning the isolate to this species. Morphological features were consistent with the description of
(Prihastuti et al., 2009). Inoculation of Bacaba fruits and seedlings was conducted to confirm pathogenicity. The surface of uninjured Bacaba fruits was inoculated with two drops (20 μL) of conidial suspension (10
conidia mL-1). The same methodology was adopted to placed healthy leaves of 35-day-old seedlings grown in plastic tubes. Two drops of sterile distilled water were inoculated on nonwounded healthy fruits and seedlings as a negative control. The fruits and seedlings were incubated for five days in a controlled chamber at 28 °C, 70-80% humidity and a "12-h photoperiod". The experiment was conducted with five replicates (five fruits and five seedlings inoculated per isolate) and repeated once. Typical symptoms of anthracnose were observed in the fruits and leaves of Bacaba seedlings five days after inoculation. No symptoms were observed in the negative control. The pathogen was reisolated from symptomatic fruits and leaves, showing similar morphological characteristics as the original isolate, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The identification of
as the causal agent of Bacaba anthracnose helps in the diagnosis and disease control strategies of the disease.
is a cosmopolitan species and easily found in cultivated and non-cultivated species (Batista et al. 2023). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of
causing anthracnose on Bacaba.
In the context of the impact of urbanization on climate change, this work aims to evaluate the sensitivity of the thermal and radiative properties of building surfaces in urban areas to the urban ...heat island intensity, a local scale meteorological phenomenon. For this, variations of albedo values, emissivity, thermal conductivity and heat capacity of roofs, streets and walls were simulated through an urban scheme coupled with the BRAMS mesoscale atmospheric model for the metropolitan area of São Paulo, considering two main urban types. The simulations show that, in general, looking for cold surface situations, the change of building material can contribute to a reduction of up to 3 °C for São Paulo. In addition, the role of orientation and the typological characteristics of constructions should be taken into account. In this sense, it is expected that this work guides civil engineers and builders to search for new materials in order to reduce the effects of urbanization on the local climate.
PDF
