experts and the users, represents the foundation for the implementation of sustainable spatial development, where the protection of landscape quality is considered as the holder of common objectives ...of all sectors in space. Given the hypothesis that representatives of different expert groups have different values baseline about space it was needed to examine the views of different expert groups and to determine the potential differences between the evaluation criteria of natural landscape qualities. The qualitative method of low-structured interviews was conducted on an appropriate sample of respondents of different education profiles and places of employment representing three sectors (agriculture, hunting and nature protection); the groups which would be the most influenced by the changes in the research area, and which affect the most changes in space. This paper pointed out that the criteria for the evaluation of natural qualities differ between the experts from different sectors. These results were used for further research that consider the transformation into the criteria which can be mapped and afterward modelled with the aim for optimization of spatial decisions which can simultaneously include protection and development as social interests. The findings derived from qualitative research were implemented into the evaluation through making the maps of models of attitude on natural qualities for each group of respondents.
This paper investigated the need for the inquiry of landscape values and public participation within the decision-making process on spatial changes. They are taken into account as an important ...segment in the harmonization of conservation and development requirements in the planning of sustainable spatial development. The method for obtaining that information was established, and new approaches in landscape research were tested through the perception of its values as the first step to solving the conflicts between spatial conservation and development. Through the research of the experiences and theoretical knowledge on the nature protection issues within the spatial planning context, this paper indicated the need for determination of the effectiveness of the standardization approach to nature protection. Also, it emphasized the importance of testing a possible application of new approaches, which would be based on a mutually agreed approach to the protection and development of space. Modeling the landscape qualities of the space was presented as a basic tool within the presentation methodology and within the inclusion of different public segments in the spatial planning procedure. Its usefulness has been shown in the possibility of preparing the cartographic presentation of the harmonized model, which simultaneously includes the opinions of all relevant groups and can be easily implemented in the planning procedure using the GIS tools before decision-making. This paper pointed out that such an approach contributes to solving the practical problems in the protection of landscape qualities that represent public good and the link between nature and culture, and biophysical, perceptional, social, and developmental elements within the space.
V raziskavi smo preučevali možnosti uporabe metode vrednotenja krajinske primernosti v krajinskem načrtovanju. Metoda je predstavljena na študiji primera širšega območja reke Krke skozi analizo treh ...sredozemskih kulturnih rastlin. Rezultati kažejo (1) učinkovitost postopka za ugotavljanje optimiziranega prostorskega potenciala za razvoj in hkrati za varovanje dragocenih podeželskih območij in (2) možnosti vključevanja novih metod v obstoječe načrtovalske postopke.
Dinara Mountain massif is recognized as an area of exceptional value, which led to its recent protection as a nature park, the second largest one in Croatia. The protected area includes the territory ...of two counties with four cities and nine municipalities, five of which are included with over 50% of the territory. The paper explains how landscape planning methods establish potential spatial conflicts and propose a compromise between landscape conservation and spatial development. The basic method was the identification and analysis of the landscape value models in 3 categories: natural, visual-experiential, and cultural-historical values. The creation of the models is preceded by a detailed analysis of all environmental components and the collection and creation of spatial data with the help of GIS tools. By overlapping the basic models, a cumulative model of the overall landscape values of the space is produced, which clearly shows which parts of the landscape have a higher value, regarding the protection requirements. The final value model is overlapped with the planned interventions and a clear overview of the vulnerability and possible conflict zones in the area is obtained. The paper describes the impact of individual interventions on the landscape qualities that need to be preserved and suggests guidelines for spatial plan corrections for the purpose of minimal impact on existing values, thus helping to prevent unwanted changes.
The postulate of this paper is that harmonization of different stakeholders point of view in spatial planning, the experts and the users, represents the foundation for the implementation of ...sustainable spatial development, where the protection of landscape quality is considered as the holder of common objectives of all sectors in space. Given the hypothesis that representatives of different expert groups have different values baseline about space it was needed to examine the views of different expert groups and to determine the potential differences between the evaluation criteria of natural landscape qualities. The qualitative method of low-structured interviews was conducted on an appropriate sample of respondents of different education profiles and places of employment representing three sectors (agriculture, hunting and nature protection); the groups which would be the most influenced by the changes in the research area, and which affect the most changes in space. This paper pointed out that the criteria for the evaluation of natural qualities differ between the experts from different sectors. These results were used for further research that consider the transformation into the criteria which can be mapped and afterward modelled with the aim for optimization of spatial decisions which can simultaneously include protection and development as social interests. The findings derived from qualitative research were implemented into the evaluation through making the maps of models of attitude on natural qualities for each group of respondents.
Polazište za istraživanje ovoga rada je u širokom spektru metoda kojima se mogu vrednovati krajobrazne kvalitete. Svrha rada je utvrđivanje prednosti i nedostataka često korištenih pristupa za ...vrednovanje krajobraza. Na odabranom području istraživanja, otoku Rabu, radom je identificirano petnaest krajobraznih područja te su određena tri pristupa za vrednovanje kvaliteta krajobraza: 1. jedan temeljen isključivo na vrednovanju ranjivosti kvaliteta krajobraza, a dva na procjeni osjetljivosti krajobraza; 2. preklapanjem krajobraznih područja sa združenim modelom ranjivosti kvaliteta krajobraza i 3. izravnim vrednovanjem krajobraznih područja s prirodnog, kulturno-povijesnog i vizualno-doživljajnog aspekta. Navedeni pristupi međusobno su uspoređeni radi utvrđivanja sličnosti i razlika među njima, kao i ukazivanja na prednosti i nedostatke svakog od njih. Rezultati su pokazali da adekvatnost pristupa ovisi o odabiru homogene prostorne jedinice. Ispravni pristup odabiru kriterija vrednovanja može utjecati na objektivnost metode. Najviše kvalitete krajobraza utvrđene su na jednakim područjima neovisno o pristupu utvrđivanja navedenih kvaliteta.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The incentive for this research has come from a wide range of methods for landscape quality evaluation. The purpose was to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used approaches ...for identifying landscape values. In the selected research area, the Island of Rab, the paper has identified 15 landscape character areas and appropriate approaches that were tested to determine landscape values - vulnerability modelling and landscape sensitivity assessment. The results have shown that the adequacy of the approach depends on the selection of a homogeneous spatial unit; the appropriate approach for the evaluation criteria selection may affect the objectivity of the method; and the highest landscape qualities were determined in the same areas regardless of the used approach.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The incentive for this research has come from a wide range of methods for landscape quality evaluation. The purpose was to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used approaches ...to landscape evaluation. In the selected research area, the Island of Rab, 15 landscape character areas were identified and three approaches for evaluation of landscape qualities were determined; (1) one based exclusively on the evaluation of vulnerability of landscape qualities, and two based on landscape sensitivity assessment: (2) the overlap of landscape character areas with the combined landscape quality vulnerability model and (3) the direct evaluation of landscape character areas from the natural, cultural-historical, and visual-experiential perspective. The aforementioned approaches were compared with one another in order to identify similarities and differences between the individual approaches, as well as to highlight their advantages and disadvantages. The results have shown that the adequacy of an approach depends on the selection of a homogeneous spatial unit; the appropriate approach for the evaluation criteria selection may affect the objectivity of the method; and the highest landscape qualities were determined in the same areas regardless of the approach used.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper presents the possibility of using landscape metrics in the process of modeling vulnerability analysis of landscape qualities that should be protected when considering spatial decisions ...about its future land use. Modeling was carried out on the lower part of Krka River basin, in the Mediterranean part of Croatia. This area is under protection as a significant landscape according to the Croatian Nature Protection Act and it was chosen due to heavy developmental pressures that have resulted and still threaten in degradation of its natural, visual and cultural qualities. For the purpose of this research landscape metrics were used as the basis for an objective quantitative evaluation of spatial structure of the landscape; as an indicator of its ecological condition and are prerequisites for the study of its function and change in a given time. Landscape metrics were specifically used in the process of landscape vulnerability assessment by multi-criteria analysis that is characteristic for the landscape planning process. This approach has provided a sub-model of vulnerability of ecological qualities of the landscape highlighting vulnerable areas that need to be protected regarding the potential degradations that could result from the development of intensive cultivation of permanent fruit crops. By adding the sub-model of vulnerability of ecological landscape qualities, obtained in this research, to the sub-models of vulnerability of natural, visual, cultural qualities and qualities of natural resources from previous research conducted in this area, the final model of landscape vulnerability was obtained. Models from previous and this research were then compared and it was determined that 49,04 % of the surface has changed and that the area was rated more vulnerable to development pressures than in the previous research. Landscape metrics represent an additional tool for landscape planners which enables criteria selection, which in turn assures objectivity, quantitative assessment and description of the ecological state of a landscape based on its structure. All this is aimed towards achieving objectivity when making decisions about future land use. This kind of approach prevents further degradation of a landscape due to the increasing developmental demands and also enables simpler monitoring of changes in the landscape structure.
The paper is premised on the idea that since environmental decisions are concerned with establishing rules over the sustainable use of land, water and air, such decisions should embrace substantial ...input from the general public: participatory environmental decision-making can improve the quality of decisions made. The paper therefore draws on the importance of perceiving the relationship between conservational requests (expressed as the social goals) and the search for the possibilities to fulfil these requests (as the professional task to be solved). The study is intended as an inquiry into possible differences in opinion or perception between three different social groups defined in relation to the tested landscape -- the area of the Mura and Drava rivers confluence: the space users, people professionally connected to the area and the potential users. The public survey was employed to gain a new insight into the issues of possible differences in public preferences towards landscape identity, and the perception these groups have of the Croatian participatory spatial decision-making process. The results have shown that it is necessary to deploy the value system people attach to landscape in the evaluation phase of environmental planning and that there is room for such a need within the spatial decision-making process based on the sustainability paradigm. Adapted from the source document.
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