This article aims to assess the Lithuanian population’s punitive attitudes towards juvenile delinquents, to discuss them from the perspective of authoritarianism and to connect them to Lithuania’s ...communist past. This study was a cross-sectional population-based study, administered in 2021. Multistage stratified sampling techniques were used to create a representative sample of 1,508 Lithuanian residents aged eighteen years and older. A measurement of attitudes was created by the authors based on the ideas about the tripartite attitude structure: measuring multiple attributes from the areas of affect (feelings towards juvenile offenders), cognition (explanations of the causes of juvenile offending), and action (measures for reduction of juvenile delinquency). The study revealed that almost half of Lithuanians hold punitive attitudes towards juvenile delinquents. These punitive attitudes correlate with negative feelings towards juvenile delinquents related to common stereotypes and inaccurate explanations of the causes of juvenile delinquency. Punitiveness was also connected with fears of “bad” Western influences such as the perceived overvaluing of children’s rights and disapproval of violence against children and authoritarian parenting. The statement “Is juvenile delinquency in Lithuania increasing because of the bad influence of the West” divided the Lithuanian population into two almost equal groups: “Pro-Westerners” and “Anti-Westerners.” “Anti-Westerners” were more likely to hold authoritarian views, while “Anti-Western” attitudes were more prevalent among older, less-educated, and lower-income citizens.
The article analyses the extent and experiences of cyberbullying among pupils from primary and lower secondary schools during distance education. The research is conducted using the qualitative and ...quantitative research from June to December of 2020. The data analysis is presented in the article. The research samples included parents of pre-primary children and 1st-8th formers, teachers, and 5th-8th formers. The quantitative research results show that the extent of bullying decreased during the spring quarantine (7 per cent), whereas bullying increased in the autumn when pupils returned to schools for contact lessons (20 per cent). The qualitative research allowed to disclose pupils’ experiences related to bullying and adults’ (teachers and parents) reactions to it. It is supposed that less bullying was recorded during the period of distance education because it was easier for the pupils to avoid bullying online and because teachers noticed fewer manifestations of bullying as the way of communication changed. Moreover, pupils could not have reported bullying to the adults because of socio-cultural norms existing in the environment, which claim that bullying is “a natural” process in adolescence, which a pupil has to live through.
In the article manifestations of registered juvenile delinquency, its‘ structure and tendencies in Lithuania are analyzed, Lithuanian indicators are also compared with the indicators of other ...European countries. The comparative study shows large differences in registered juvenile delinquency, which are primarily determined by different scopes of criminalization of delinquency, different intensity of formal control, as well as different rules for registering juvenile delinquency. The absolute indicators of registered juvenile criminal offences in Lithuania have been decreasing for the past two decades, and the relative indicators of registered juvenile criminal behavior have also been consistently decreasing for the last five years. 2020–2021 the number of administrative offenses committed by minors in Lithuania also decreased, which is primarily associated with restrictions in public life introduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Serious violent crimes by minors, characterized by low latency, are often widely described in the media, and constitute a small part of the structure of crimes committed by minors in Lithuania, and the number of murders is consistently decreasing – in 2021 it was the smallest during the entire period of independent Lithuania – only one murder was registered. After completing this study, it can be said that the indicators of registered juvenile delinquency compared to other countries should be seen first of all as an output of the juvenile behavior control mechanisms operating in each country, which tells little about the real extent of juvenile delinquency. The minor juvenile delinquency is more latent and its rates should be first evaluated. Cases of serious delinquency are characterized by a much lower latency, but in this case too, in order to compare registered delinquency, it is necessary to simultaneously assess complex differences in criminal prosecution between countries.
The aim of this article was to analyze and compare different social work specialist's education models and study programs. There were used comparative analysis and document analysis research methods. ...The concept „social work specialists" consisted of social workers, social pedagogues and social educators. Lithuanian, German and American social work specialist's education models were discussed and compared. The analysis of different education models was impotent because it showed possibilities for Lithuania.
Šeimos įtaka pasiekimams mokykloje Buzaitytė-Kašalynienė, Jolita
Acta paedagogica Vilnensia,
01/2016, Letnik:
13, Številka:
13
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Scientific problem refers to the lack of investigations that provide answers to the question what family factors influence student's school performance. The purpose of the research is to reveal ...peculiarities of family factors and student's school performance in comprehensive schools. The aim of this article is to reveal the influence of family factors on school performance. The research was carried out applying the following research methods: analysis of scientific literature, survey research, statistical data analysis. It was developed students survey questionnaire with 236 multiple-choice items. These items address students' self-assessments of their beliefs about their social environment - neighborhoods, schools, friends, and families - and about their own psychological health and school performance. The research is based on the answers of 1071 students (577 boys and 494 girls) of eighth grade. The paper reports only part of the research results.
The aim of the article is to make a contribution to the discourse and research on the power in social work in Lithuania. Power is unfolding in relationships, this is why the relationships between ...social workers and their managers have been chosen as an object for the study. Based on the results of the survey of Lithuanian social workers, social workers’ reactions to the leadership of their managers are discussed. It was analysed how the strategies of social workers’ action are connected with the subjectively perceived or experienced types of leadership or with the manifestations of managers’ power. It is based on the research “Social Work – Between Dependency and Autonomy” funded by the Lithuanian Council of Science.
Straipsnyje analizuojamos 1–8 klasių mokinių patyčių, perėjus prie nuotolinio ugdymo ir vėl grįžus į kontaktinį ugdymą, apimtys bei patirtys. Kiekybinio tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad 2020 pavasarį ...patyčių skaičiai sumažėjo, o rudenį grįžus į mokyklas vėl išaugo. Kokybinio tyrimo metu atskleistos mokinių, mokytojų ir tėvų dalyvavimo nuotoliniame ugdymo procese patirtys leido rekonstruoti mokinių ir mokytojų patirtų elektroninių patyčių apraiškas ir suaugusiųjų reakcijas į jas.
Vilniaus universitetasSocialinio darbo katedraUniversiteto g. 9/1, LT-01513 VilniusEl. paštas: birute.sakalauske@fsf.vu.lt; lijana.gvaldaite@fsf.vu.lt;jolita.kasalyniene@fsf.vu.lt
...SantraukaStraipsnyje pristatoma kokybinio tyrimo metu rekonstruota socialinių darbuotojų kaip „nepaisomų profesionalų“ empirinė kategorija-fenomenas. Remiantis grindžiamosios teorijos metodologija, atskleidžiamos šio fenomeno priežastinės, kontekstinės ir intervenuojančios sąlygos. Visgi ypatingas dėmesys sutelkiamas į „nepaisomo profesionalumo“ fenomeno įveikos strategijas (realizuojamas ir nerealizuojamas) bei šių strategijų sukeliamus padarinius socialiniam darbui. „Nepaisomas profesionalumas“ yra patiriamas tuomet, kai socialinio darbo specialistams yra keliami nepagrįsti, neadekvatūs, jų profesinės veiklos esmės neatitinkantys reikalavimai. Nustatyta, kad „nepaisomo profesionalumo“ fenomeno įveika yra lemiama profesionalo asmenybės, tačiau lygiai taip pat specifinių kontekstinių sąlygų, kuriomis veikia socialiniai darbuotojai. Veikiant socialinio darbo profesionalumą auginančiose / plėtojančiose organizacijose, atsiveria kitokios kokybės fenomeno įveikos galimybės nei socialinio darbo profesionalumo neauginančiose ar net jį žlugdančiose organizacijose / aplinkose.
Straipsnyje remiantis ekologiniu sisteminiu požiūriu į vaiko raidą aptariami vaikų raidos rizikos ir apsauginiai veiksniai. Gilinamasi į rizikos ir apsauginių veiksnių sampratą, šios srities tyrimų ...teorines prielaidas ir metodologinius sunkumus, pateikiama šios srities tyrimų rezultatų apžvalga, aptariamos šių tyrimų bei streso ir atsparumo tyrimų sąsajos. Tyrimai rizikos bei apsauginių veiksnių ir atsparumo srityje padeda numatyti nepageidaujamus vaikų raidos padarinius mažinančias, kompensuojančias bei sušvelninančias prevencines ir intervencines socialinės pedagoginės pagalbos vaikams strategijas. Socialinė pedagoginė pagalba turi būti skirta mažinti rizikos veiksnius ir stiprinti apsauginius veiksnius.
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