Based on panel data from 2010 to 2019, this study examines the relationship between defense science and technology innovation and high‐quality economic development at the provincial level in China. ...Using the gray correlation analysis method of panel data and an evaluation index system of high‐quality economic development, we calculate the gray correlation coefficient and decompose its time‐series gray correlation degree and cross‐sectional. Our findings indicate that the correlation between defense science and technology innovation and high‐quality economic development in China is generally stable during 2010–2019. However, Beijing stands out as an exception with a correlation coefficient of less than 0.5. Furthermore, there is regional gray correlation heterogeneity with the smallest correlation degree found in the eastern region and the largest in the northeast region. Based on our results, we propose three countermeasure suggestions: first, to balance national defense construction and economic construction; second, to optimize national defense science and technology strategy according to local conditions; and third, to effectively utilize industrial structure advantages. In summary, our study contributes to the literature by highlighting the relationship between defense science and technology innovation and high‐quality economic development in China. Our findings provide implications for policymakers and practitioners to make informed decisions in achieving sustainable and high‐quality economic development.
Digital computation on stochastic bit streams is a non-conventional type of computation, which uses digital circuits to process probabilistic inputs. In this paradigm, digital circuits compute on the ...probability values. This leads to extremely simple digital implementations for complex arithmetic operations. The combinational logic-based designs can be implemented in parallel to realize fast computation by trading off silicon area with delay. However, it is impossible to implement the current sequential logic-based designs in parallel to reduce delay, since they need to compute for a large number of clock cycles to obtain the result. In this work, we propose a novel design methodology for synthesizing sequential circuits that compute on stochastic bit streams, which does not require a long computation delay. We further demonstrate a parallel implementation based on our design, which provides ultra-fast arithmetic computation.
Abstract
Irrigation is critical to sustain agricultural productivity in dry or semi-dry environments, and center pivots, due to their versatility and ruggedness, are the most widely used irrigation ...systems. To effectively use center pivot irrigation systems, producers require tools to support their decision-making on when and how much water to irrigate. However, currently producers make these decisions primarily based on experience and/or limited information of weather. Ineffective use of irrigation systems can lead to overuse of water resources, compromise crop productivity, and directly reduce producers’ economic return as well as bring negative impacts on environmental sustainability. In this paper, we surveyed existing precision irrigation research and tools from peer-reviewed literature, land-grant university extension and industry products, and U.S. patents. We focused on four challenge areas related to precision irrigation decision-support systems: (a) data availability and scalability, (b) quantification of plant water stress, (c) model uncertainties and constraints, and (d) producers’ participation and motivation. We then identified opportunities to address the above four challenge areas: (a) increase the use of high spatial-temporal-resolution satellite fusion products and inexpensive sensor networks to scale up the adoption of precision irrigation decision-support systems; (b) use mechanistic quantification of ‘plant water stress’ as triggers to improve irrigation decision, by explicitly considering the interaction between soil water supply, atmospheric water demand, and plant physiological regulation; (c) constrain the process-based and statistical/machine learning models at each individual field using data-model fusion methods for scalable solutions; and (d) develop easy-to-use tools with flexibility, and increase governments’ financial incentives and support. We conclude this review by laying out our vision for precision irrigation decision-support systems for center pivots that can achieve scalable, economical, reliable, and easy-to-use irrigation management for producers.
The kochia scoparia-shaped Te film exhibits enhanced photocatalytic performance.
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•A novel kochia scoparia-shaped Te film is fabricated by electrodeposition method.•The kochia ...scoparia-shaped Te film shows excellent photocatalytic performance.•The kochia scoparia-shaped Te film shows a good stability and reusability.
Recently Te film is precisely designed to degrade organic pollutants under visible light irradiation owing to its suitable photoelectrochemical properties. Here, various nanostructured Te films are synthesized via a facile electrodeposition method. Different concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is added into electrolytic solution, and a novel kochia scoparia-shaped morphology with excellent photocatalytic activity is successfully synthesized. The as-fabricated kochia scoparia-shaped Te film is explored in detail via many analytical methods. The results show that as-synthesized kochia scoparia-shaped nanostructure has better crystallinity, enhanced light absorption ability, lower intensity in PL spectra, favorable photogenerated carrier transport and a significantly enhanced photodegradation ratio of methylene blue (MB), as compared to the feather-shaped Te film. The removal rates can reach up to 95.5 % on the degradation of MB in 60 min. In addition, the kochia scoparia-shaped Te film also shows good repeatability and stability without an apparent inactivation under visible light irradiation during four repeated photocatalytic processes. Furthermore, a possible reaction mechanism of higher MB degradation efficiency in the film is also proposed and discussed according to the ESR results. This work supplies a worthy reference for developing highly capable and reusable photocatalysts for eliminating various pollutants.
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