La dialectología es una rama de la lingüística que analiza la variación geográfica y sociolingüística de las lenguas en el espacio. Ahora bien, tradicionalmente el componente espacial en la ...dialectología suele limitarse a la ubicación de la variación lingüística sin tener en cuenta otros aspectos geográficos que se pueden medir. Teniendo esto en cuenta, este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada para determinar la existencia de una relación cuantitativa relevante entre variables lingüísticas y variables geográficas mediante el diseño de un modelo espacial; en él se incorporan datos léxicos del Atlas Lingüístico-Etnográfico de Colombia (ALEC), metadatos recolectados durante la expedición del atlas e información de distintos fenómenos geográficos de los territorios explorados. Entre los resultados, la evaluación explicada por el Índice de Autocorrelación Espacial sugiere que las variables aptitud agroclimática, precipitación, distancia geográfica y vías de acceso muestran la mayor dependencia espacial bivariante en relación con la distancia lingüística. El tratamiento de esta interacción dentro del modelo geográfico mixto autorregresivo de regresión espacial ratifica dicha dependencia corroborando así la relación entre la variación lingüística y los fenómenos geográficos.
The automation of food processes increases the quality, productivity, and economy of the companies. This study aimed at the development of a Computer Vision System (CVS) to classify lemons in ...real-time according to their diameter. The CVS consisted of a software, coded in Java programming language, which covers the acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, description, recognition, and interpretation of the images. The classification criteria were in accord with the CODEX STAN 213 standard for lime-lemon. The CVS reached a 0% error in the classification of the diameter of the lemons and required 0.33 seconds as processing time to detect and classify each lemon. The CVS showed high performance in the automatic classification of lemons according to their diameter. This CVS could avoid the disadvantages of manual classification.
To show the oddity of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and illustrate the histopathological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of this disease entity.
We obtained the ...histopathological diagnosis through stereotactic biopsy, and all lesions were resected at the Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre.
We identified and included six lymphoma cases in a 5-year period: none of the patients had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; none were Epstein-Barr virus (EVB)-positive; all of them received chemotherapy and radiotherapy; and the survival rate was ≥1 year.
Regarding the clinical data, the symptoms entirely depended on the location of the lesions. If the symptoms suggest malignancy, such as fever, weight loss, and night sweats, we searched for causes, other than the usual ones, to find a diagnosis. This is a rare disease, which responds well to medical treatment and has a survival greater than 5 years in some cases.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), found in cirrhotic patients, has been little studied in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) and includes the occurrence of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVD). ...Contrast transesophageal echocardiography (cTEE) with microbubbles is more sensitive than contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) with microbubbles in the detection of IPVD in cirrhosis.
To assess the performance of the cTEE, compared with that of cTTE, in detecting IPVD for the diagnosis of HPS in patients with HSS.
cTEE and cTTE for investigation of IPVD and laboratory tests were performed in 22 patients with HSS. Agitated saline solution was injected in peripheral vein during the cTEE and cTTE procedures. Late appearance of the microbubbles in the left chambers indicated the presence of IPVD. Results of the two methods were compared by the Student's t-test and the chi-square test (p < 0.05).
cTEE was performed in all patients without complications. Three patients were excluded due to the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO). The presence of IPVD was confirmed in 13 (68%) of 19 patients according to the cTEE and in only six (32%, p < 0.01) according to the cTTE. No significant differences in clinical or laboratory data were found between the groups with and without IPVD, including the alveolar-arterial gradient. The diagnosis of HPS (presence of IPVD with changes in the arterial blood gas analysis) was made in five patients by the cTEE and in only one by the cTTE (p = 0.09).
In HSS patients, cTEE was safe and superior to cTTE in detecting IPVD and allowed the exclusion of PFO.
Natural herbal teas are one of the three most consumed beverages in the world, and despite their frequent use in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries, there is still much to about them. ...This study aimed to determine the functional properties of tea infusions made from dried
(EA),
(DM), and
(M) grown in the Peruvian Andes. Next, using a simplex design with unrestricted centroid amplified centroid, 12 combinations were obtained for the combination of dried leaves with EA: 0∼100%, DM: 0∼100%, and M: 0∼100% optimal combination of EA: 6.59%, DM: 84.62%, and M: 8.79% maximizes functional components for total polyphenols (2,831.18 mg EAG/100 g), flavonoids (37.73 mg CAT/g), and antioxidant capacity (145.99 μmol Trolox/g). It can be confirmed that dried mixtures of these plants made into tea are a significant source of bioactive molecules, have a tolerable flavor, and can be used for therapeutic purposes when consumed.
The Doppler-derived myocardial performance index (MPI) has been considered as a diagnostic and prognostic Doppler marker for many different clinical conditions. The purpose of this study was to ...determine the diagnostic accuracy of traditional Pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD-MPI) and Pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (TDI-MPI) and the degree of agreement between these methods in patients with grade-I diastolic dysfunction (DDI) and a normal ejection fraction.
Forty-seven consecutive ambulatory patients with DDI were compared to 51 healthy subjects with normal echocardiograms. All subjects underwent measurement of time intervals and MPI with PWD and pulsed TDI.
TDI-MPI and PWD-MPI were significantly higher in patients with DDI than in control subjects: 0.49 ± 0.14 vs. 0.40 ± 0.09 (P < 0.001) and 0.45 ± 0.11 vs. 0.37 ± 0.08 (P < 0.001), respectively. Cutoff values of TDI-MPI > 0.42 and PWD-MPI > 0.40 identified DDI subjects, with sensitivities of 74 and 64%; specificities of 61 and 69%; positive likelihood ratios of 1.9 and 2.0; and negative likelihood ratios of 0.42 and 0.53, respectively; no significant difference was noted between the areas under the ROC curves of TDI-MPI and PWD-MPI (P = 0.77). Bland-Altman plots showed wide limits of agreement between these indices: - 0.17 to 0.23 in healthy subjects and - 0.24 to 0.32 in DDI patients.
PWD-MPI and TDI-MPI showed poor clinical agreement and were not reliable parameters for the assessment of left ventricular diastolic function.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
El objetivo de este artículo fue determinar la convergencia de criterios de calidad de los modelos de evaluación SINEACE Perú y CNA Colombia, del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación. La metodología ...empleada fue descriptiva, estableciendo la afinidad de cuestionarios aplicados. Encontramos que los programas y plan curricular reflejan diferentes porcentajes de cumplimiento de factores y estándares de evaluación, consolidados con criterios válidos. Llegamos así a la conclusión de que existe una convergencia en los modelos SINEACE y CNA de los Programas de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación: el SINEACE tiene un 75% de cumplimiento y el modelo CNA, un 98% de cumplimiento, lo que demuestra que los dos modelos armonizan y convergen en estándares de calidad.
Cardiovascular urgencies are frequent reasons for seeking medical care. Prompt and accurate medical diagnosis is critical to reduce the morbidity and mortality of these conditions.
To evaluate the ...use of a pocket-size echocardiography in addition to clinical history and physical exam in a tertiary medical emergency care.
One hundred adult patients without known cardiac or lung diseases who sought emergency care with cardiac complaints were included. Patients with ischemic changes in the electrocardiography or fever were excluded. A focused echocardiography with GE Vscan equipment was performed after the initial evaluation in the emergency room. Cardiac chambers dimensions, left and right ventricular systolic function, intracardiac flows with color, pericardium, and aorta were evaluated.
The mean age was 61 ± 17 years old. The patient complaint was chest pain in 51 patients, dyspnea in 32 patients, arrhythmia to evaluate the left ventricular function in ten patients, hypotension/dizziness in five patients and edema in one patient. In 28 patients, the focused echocardiography allowed to confirm the initial diagnosis: 19 patients with heart failure, five with acute coronary syndrome, two with pulmonary embolism and two patients with cardiac tamponade. In 17 patients, the echocardiography changed the diagnosis: ten with suspicious of heart failure, two with pulmonary embolism suspicious, two with hypotension without cause, one suspicious of acute coronary syndrome, one of cardiac tamponade and one of aortic dissection.
The focused echocardiography with pocket-size equipment in the emergency care may allow a prompt diagnosis and, consequently, an earlier initiation of the therapy.
Studies have suggested that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) contributes to the deterioration of left ventricular diastolic function. This may lead to atrial myocardial overstretching and enlargement, ...which could be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate left atrial (LA) volume and function in patients with OSA compared with controls without OSA and their associations with any left ventricular diastolic abnormalities using real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE).
Fifty-six patients with mild to severe OSA and 50 controls of similar age and with similar body mass indexes, blood pressure, and frequency of hypertension were analyzed. All subjects underwent polysomnography and RT3DE.
A larger 3-dimensional maximum LA volume indexed for body surface area, larger volume before atrial contraction, and higher active atrial ejection fraction were found in patients with OSA (P < .01 for all). Mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E') was reduced in patients with OSA (P = .03), whereas late diastolic velocity (A') and the ratio of mitral valve early diastolic velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/E') were increased in the same group (P < .05 for both). In addition, a lower E'/A' ratio was also found in the OSA group (P = .02). An increase in 3-dimensional maximum LA volume indexed for body surface area was observed, depending on OSA severity. The apnea-hypopnea index and E/E' ratio were independent predictors of an increase in 3-dimensional maximum LA volume in a multiple regression model.
Using RT3DE, this study demonstrates that OSA induces a functional burden on the left atrium, resulting in remodeling. These functional and structural changes are related to the impairment of diastolic function in this population.
The aim of this work was to improve the classification of green asparagus in an agro-export company by way of a Computer Vision System (CVS). Thus, an image analysis application was developed in the ...MATLAB® environment to classify green asparagus according to the absence of white spots and the width of the product. The CVS performance was compared with a manual classification using the error in the classification as the quality indicator; the yield from the raw material (%) and line productivity (kg/h) as the production indicators; and the net present value (USD) and internal rate of return (%) as the economic indicators. The CVS classified the green asparagus with 2% error; improved the yield from the raw material from 43% to 45%, and line productivity from 5 to 10 kg/h; and increased the net present value by 102,609.00 USD, yielding an Internal Rate of Return of 156.3%, much higher than the Opportunity Cost of the Capital (8.6%). Hence the classification of green asparagus by a CVS is an efficient and profitable alternative to manual classification.
PDF
