Nanostructured materials have been used in several branches of science and technology. Particulate matter is one of the major air pollution concerns. In this work, nanorods and nanoparticles of Ce
...0.8
Zr
0.2
O
2
(CZ) mixed oxides were prepared by different routes, and the use of an organic template was evaluated in diesel soot oxidation. The catalysts were characterized by several techniques including structural analysis (XRD, TEM, N
2
adsorption-desorption) and activity (TPR/MS, TPO/MS). A fast TPR/MS method is proposed to calculate hydrogen consumption that can be correlated to the oxygen storage capacity (OSC). It was demonstrated that CZ-nanorods with twice the amount of template in the syntheses (CZ-NRs-2X) were very active for soot oxidation with
T
50%
at 351 °C, and CO
2
and H
2
O were the only oxidation products from Printex®-U (Evonik). This catalyst, reported for the first time, was subjected to up to three cycles and it showed fair activity, proving that this morphology is one of the best mixed oxides of CZ for oxidation.
Nanorods and nanoparticles of Ce
0.8
Zr
0.2
O
2
(CZ) mixed oxides were prepared by different routes and showed good activity for diesel soot oxidation.
In this study, cerium-zirconium mixed oxides were prepared using the sol-gel methodology with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) for tuning the specific surface area and pore volume. The ...composition of Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 (CZ) was selected as being one of the most active for soot oxidation, which is a concern as an environmental pollutant. The structural and morphological properties were investigated using EDXRF, XRD, SEM/EDS, Raman and N2 physisorption at low temperature. The catalytic test was evaluated by temperature-programmed oxidation coupled with mass spectrometry (TPO/MS). Any variation in the CTAB concentration during synthesis changed the particle size and surface area, indicating that the particle formation follows a mechanism in which the CTAB acts as capping agent. Additionally, the material synthesized with CTAB was found to have higher oxygen vacancy compared to the materials from the conventional sol-gel process. The catalytic test suggested that the material with the smallest surface area had the lowest temperature of oxidation (T50% = 400 °C), which demonstrates that the oxygen vacancy parameter is essentially more important than the specific surface area itself.
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•Synthesis of cerium-zirconium mixed oxide with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).•CTAB acts as a capping agent controlling particle size and specific surface.•CZ synthesized with CTAB has higher oxygen vacancy than the one without surfactant.•Oxygen vacancy is a more important property than specific surface for the activity.•CZ with the lowest surface had the highest O2 consumption during soot oxidation.
Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes and renal failure. The use of pancreas grafts from donation after circulatory death (DCD), ...using normothermic regional perfusion (NRP), is still marginal worldwide, mainly due to possible additional risks of graft dysfunction and complications compared with grafts from donors after brain death.
Case series of patients who underwent simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation after DCD-NRP between January 2018 and September 2022. This study evaluated early postoperative grafts and survival outcomes.
Four patients were included. One patient lost the pancreatic graft due to arterial thrombosis requiring transplantectomy. Another patient required a laparotomy due to hemoperitoneum. Overall, 1-year pancreas and kidney graft survival was 75% and 100%, respectively. One patient developed a lymphoma during the follow-up.
The use of pancreas grafts from DCD after NRP preservation is safe and feasible. Comparative studies with donors after brain death grafts and larger series are required to confirm the feasibility of DCD-NRP pancreas transplantation.
La interpretación de la naturaleza Vallejo Campos, Alvaro Pablo
Claridades (Alhaurín de la Torre),
05/2021, Letnik:
13, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
La metafísica puede entenderse como una disciplina cuyo objeto son entidades inteligibles, pero es también y, sobre todo, comienza siendo una interpretación de la naturaleza. La inversión ...nietzscheana del platonismo tiene en la crítica del finalismo uno de sus rasgos principales. La oposición aparente/verdadero, desde esta perspectiva, se explica en función de la ausencia o la presencia de finalidad en la interpretación de la naturaleza, pero a juicio de Nietzsche la finalidad forma parte de la apariencia y no de la realidad del mundo natural. Independientemente de la valoración y de la genealogía que atribuye al pensamiento platónico, a mientender, su interpretación del platonismo es en lo esencial certera, pues Platón intentó ofrecer con la teoría de las ideas una concepción de las causas del devenir, basada en las categorías de finalidad y unidad, que calificó como «segunda navegación» precisamente porque constituía una alternativa a la teoría de la naturaleza transmitida por los presocráticos.
Sexually Transmitted diseases (STD) syndrome management has been one cornerstone of STD treatment. Persons with STD symptoms in many countries, especially those with limited resources, often ...initially seek care in pharmacies. The objective of the study was to develop and evaluate an integrated network of physicians, midwives and pharmacy workers trained in STD syndromic management (The PREVEN Network) as part of a national urban community-randomized trial of sexually transmitted infection prevention in Peru.
After a comprehensive census of physicians, midwives, and pharmacies in ten intervention and ten control cities, we introduced seminars and workshops for pharmacy workers, and continuing education for physicians and midwives in intervention cities and invited graduates to join the PREVEN Network. "Prevention Salespersons" visited pharmacies, boticas and clinicians regularly for educational support and collection of information on numbers of cases of STD syndromes seen at pharmacies and by clinicians in intervention cities. Simulated patients evaluated outcomes of training of pharmacy workers with respect to adequate STD syndrome management, recommendations for condom use and for treatment of partners. In intervention cities we trained, certified, and incorporated into the PREVEN Network the workers at 623 (80.6%) of 773 pharmacies and 701 (69.6%) of 1007 physicians and midwives in private practice. Extremely high clinician and pharmacy worker turnover, 13.4% and 44% respectively in the first year, dictated continued training of new pharmacy workers and clinicians. By the end of the intervention the Network included 792 pharmacies and 597 clinicians. Pharmacies reported more cases of STDs than did clinicians. Evaluations by simulated patients showed significant and substantial improvements in the management of STD syndromes at pharmacies in intervention cities but not in control cities.
Training pharmacy workers linked to a referral network of clinicians proved feasible and acceptable. High turn-over was challenging but over come.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary Background Previous community-randomised trials of interventions to control sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have involved rural settings, were rarely multicomponent, and had varying ...results. We aimed to assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on curable STIs in urban young adults and female sex workers (FSWs). Methods In this community-randomised trial, baseline STI screening was done between August, and November, 2002, in random household samples of young adults (aged 18–29 years) and in FSWs in Peruvian cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants. Geographically separate cities were selected, matched into pairs, and randomly allocated to intervention or control groups with an S-PLUS program. Follow-up surveys of random samples were done after 2 years and 3 years. The intervention comprised four modalities: strengthened STI syndromic management by pharmacy workers and clinicians; mobile-team outreach to FSWs for STI screening and pathogen-specific treatment; periodic presumptive treatment of FSWs for trichomoniasis; and condom promotion for FSWs and the general population. Individuals in control cities received standard care. The composite primary endpoint was infection of young adults with Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis , or Neisseria gonorrhoeae , or syphilis seroreactivity. Laboratory workers and the data analyst were masked, but fieldworkers, the Peruvian study team, and participants in the outcome surveys were not. All analyses were done by intention to treat. This trial is registered, ISRCTN43722548. Findings We did baseline surveys of 15 261 young adults in 24 Peruvian cities. Of those, 20 geographically separate cities were matched into pairs, in each of which one city was assigned to intervention and the other to standard of care. In the 2006 follow-up survey, data for the composite primary outcome were available for 12 930 young adults. We report a non-significant reduction in prevalence of STIs in young adults, adjusted for baseline prevalence, in intervention cities compared with control cities (relative risk 0·84, 95% CI 0·69–1·02; p=0·096). In subgroup analyses, significant reductions were noted in intervention cities in young adult women and FSWs. Interpretation Syndromic management of STIs, mobile-team outreach to FSWs, presumptive treatment for trichomoniasis in FSWs, and condom promotion might reduce the composite prevalence of any of the four curable STIs investigated in this trial. Funding Wellcome Trust and Burroughs Wellcome Fund, National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research, CIPRA, and USAID-Peru.
To evaluate the impact of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) before confirmatory prostate biopsy in patients under active surveillance (AS).
This retrospective study included 170 ...patients with Gleason grade 6 prostate cancer initially enrolled in an AS program between 2011 and 2019. Prostate mpMRI was performed using a 1.5 tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging system with a 16-channel phased-array body coil. The protocol included T1-weighted, T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging sequences. Uroradiology reports generated by a specialist were based on prostate imaging-reporting and data system (PI-RADS) version 2. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed based on regression models.
The reclassification rate at confirmatory biopsy was higher in patients with suspicious lesions on mpMRI (PI-RADS score ≥ 3) (n = 47) than in patients with non-suspicious mpMRIs (n = 61) and who did not undergo mpMRIs (n = 62) (66%, 26.2%, and 24.2%, respectively;
< 0.001). On multivariate analysis, presence of a suspicious mpMRI finding (PI-RADS score ≥ 3) was associated (adjusted odds ratio: 4.72) with the risk of reclassification at confirmatory biopsy after adjusting for the main variables (age, prostate-specific antigen density, number of positive cores, number of previous biopsies, and clinical stage). Presence of a suspicious mpMRI finding (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.62) was also associated with the risk of progression to active treatment during the follow-up.
Inclusion of mpMRI before the confirmatory biopsy is useful to stratify the risk of reclassification during the biopsy as well as to evaluate the risk of progression to active treatment during follow-up.
The unique viscoelastic properties of gluten make bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) a staple food. The specific balance between gluten fractions, together with grain protein content (GPC), defines ...nutritional and end-use properties. The leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and its control using succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) fungicides together with nitrogen (N) fertilization could alter the GPC and its composition during the grain-filling period, modifying dough properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of leaf rust, its control using fluxapyroxad (SDHI) and the interaction with N fertilization on breadmaking quality of wheat. Two field experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 in a split-split plot design with three fungicide treatments as main plots and three N fertilization rates as subplots using a susceptible cultivar. Leaf rust reduced GPC and modified its composition. The disease shortened the grain-filling period and reduced gluten content. Gluten tenacity (AlvP) was more affected than gluten extensibility (AlvL) resulting in doughs with lower AlvP/L ratio, minor gluten strength and inferior loaf volume. The treatment containing fluxapyroxad showed better levels of disease control and it also evidenced additional beneficial effects in most of the evaluated parameters compared to the treatment without this active ingredient.
•Leaf rust effect (biotic stress) on dough rheology and breadmaking quality of wheat is addressed.•Grain protein content and gluten content decreased in rusted plants compared to protected ones.•Dough tenacity (alveogram P) was more affected than dough extensibility (alveogram L).•The fungicide containing the SDHI fluxapyroxad extended green canopy life.•Breadmaking parameters improved after fungicide applications and N fertilization.
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