Currently, the role of energy is important to sustain and even improve the development and prosperity of a nation. Specifically, in the information age that we are living in with the increasing ...demands for ever-improving technology, the needs for this critical energy power grow each day. In sustainable electrical energy production, which has a substantial share among energy types, utilizing wind power instead of fossil fuels constitutes a prime role among alternative energy sources. To maintain these preferred wind energy power plant projects in more efficient and sustainable ways, their conformity with the relevant field is also very important. Field monitoring and map-producing studies could be performed with geodetic measurement methods with the aid of aerial photography methods. Once the aerial photography production method is implemented in a careful manner, ultimately, sensitive field and environmental monitoring maps can be obtained; however, some potential failures and risk factors could also be encountered during the production of these maps. In this research, potential failures and risk factors, relevant precautionary measures taken against these risks that could be encountered during the production of aerial photography monitoring maps (photogrammetry), and measurements that are used for producing environmental field models for wind power plant projects to be used for the production of electrical energy are studied with the FMEA (failure mode effect analysis) and the systematic Pareto analysis.
In underground mining establishments and in all processes of underground coal mining from investigation activities to production activities, geodetic measurements and the plans, maps and profile ...information that are obtained after the survey are all needed. All geodetic works and transactions made for underground coal mines have major differences from other survey applications in terms of form and quality but have a longstanding history and are widely used in the field. The role of realized underground measurements is very important in opening underground mine galleries with certain directions and slopes and in preparing all kinds of maps and plans in underground mines. In addition, measurements must always be taken for application and calculations in underground mine galleries with the issues relevant to coal mine production safety. Moreover, relevant to underground coal mining, mine surveying activities are important for planning above-ground transportation service and road routes, for maintaining compliance with legal requirements relevant to underground mining and for defining mine subsidence effects of mine gallery gaps over the earth surface. Furthermore, mining, geological and geotechnical studies and surveying measurements have been extremely important for the safe and secure production of coal energy. In this study, for the application of underground coal mining measurement activities with great differences in many features compared to above-ground topographic measurements, potential failures and risks were systematically assessed thorough failure mode effect analysis and Pareto analysis.
Landslides are natural phenomena in the same class of natural disasters as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, erosion, and volcanic eruptions that adversely affect human lives and property. Owing to ...their widespread occurrence, landslides are easily visible and able to be partially understood by people witnessing them. Nevertheless, to comprehend the detail of their formation and determine their potential, it is necessary to undertake geodetic, geological, and geophysical measurements in regions prone to landslides. By analyzing these measurements, it is possible to better ascertain those regions predisposed to landslides and thus provide the means to prevent loss of life and property. The city of Zonguldak, situated in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey, has a high occurrence of landslides owing to its harsh topography with rugged and steep slopes and rainfall in almost every season. Furthermore, the diurnal temperature ranging up to 10 °C in all seasons, especially in winter, plays a crucial role in rock disintegration in this region. Other factors damage ground composition and trigger landslides, such as underground mining operations, road construction that collapses rocky hills using explosives, and excavation works in steep terrain for building construction. This study gives a detailed account of the causes and adverse effects of landslides and their parameters through examples of landslide occurrences in the region, together with the results and analyses of two periods of geodetic measurements conducted on the Zonguldak–Ereğli Highway in Ilıksu district.
Random K-out graphs are garnering interest in designing distributed systems including secure sensor networks, anonymous crypto-currency networks, and differentially-private decentralized learning. In ...these security-critical applications, it is important to model and analyze the resilience of the network to node failures and adversarial captures. Motivated by this, we analyze how the connectivity properties of random K-out graphs vary with the network parameters \(K\), the number of nodes (\(n\)), and the number of nodes that get failed or compromised (\(\gamma_n\)). In particular, we study the conditions for achieving \emph{connectivity} {with high probability} and for the existence of a \emph{giant component} with formal guarantees on the size of the largest connected component in terms of the parameters \(n,~K\), and \(\gamma_n\). Next, we analyze the property of \emph{\(r\)-robustness} which is a stronger property than connectivity and leads to resilient consensus in the presence of malicious nodes. We derive conditions on \(K\) and \(n\) under which the random K-out graph achieves r-robustness with high probability. We also provide extensive numerical simulations and compare our results on random K-out graphs with known results on Erdős-Rényi (ER) graphs.
Landslides are natural phenomena in the same class of natural disasters as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, erosion, and volcanic eruptions that adversely affect human lives and property. Owing to ...their widespread occurrence, landslides are easily visible and able to be partially understood by people witnessing them. Nevertheless, to comprehend the detail of their formation and determine their potential, it is necessary to undertake geodetic, geological, and geophysical measurements in regions prone to landslides. By analyzing these measurements, it is possible to better ascertain those regions predisposed to landslides and thus provide the means to prevent loss of life and property. The city of Zonguldak, situated in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey, has a high occurrence of landslides owing to its harsh topography with rugged and steep slopes and rainfall in almost every season. Furthermore, the diurnal temperature ranging up to 10 degree C in all seasons, especially in winter, plays a crucial role in rock disintegration in this region. Other factors damage ground composition and trigger landslides, such as underground mining operations, road construction that collapses rocky hills using explosives, and excavation works in steep terrain for building construction. This study gives a detailed account of the causes and adverse effects of landslides and their parameters through examples of landslide occurrences in the region, together with the results and analyses of two periods of geodetic measurements conducted on the Zonguldak-Ereli Highway in Iliksu district.
New recording technologies have ushered in a transformative era in archaeological research, with drone photogrammetry emerging as a pioneering tool in this field. This innovative approach leverages ...unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-resolution cameras to capture precise aerial imagery of archaeological sites. Drone photogrammetry offers numerous advantages, such as cost-efficiency, rapid data collection, and the ability to access remote or challenging terrain. By seamlessly integrating photogrammetric techniques, these technologies offer archaeologists the ability to create highly detailed 3D models. This study delves into the principles and applications of low-cost drone photogrammetry in archaeology, highlighting its potential to enhance site documentation, analysis, and public outreach efforts. The case studies on the Marzuolo Archaeological Project (Italy) and at Zeb Edmiston House (Historic Cane Hill) show that low-cost drones are capable of capturing data at hard-to-reach sites and offer researchers an accessible and affordable tool for public engagement.
We consider a graph property known as r -robustness, a robustness metric that plays a key role in analyzing consensus dynamics. It was previously shown that in the presence of adversarial nodes, ...consensus can be reached in an r -robust network for sufficiently large r . Further, r -robustness is a stronger property than r -connectivity, hence it is also useful in many applications where robustness of networks to disruptions such as adversarial attacks or node failures is of practical interest. In this paper, we study r -robustness of random K-out graphs, which have been used in many applications including random (pairwise) key predistribution in wireless sensor networks, anonymous message routing in crypto-currency networks, and differentially-private federated averaging. Significantly improving an earlier result, we provide a set of conditions for K and n that ensure, with high probability (whp), the r -robustness of the random K-out graph. Simulation results are used to verify the results. To demonstrate the viability of our results in practical applications, we compare our results with the results from Erdös-Rényi and the Barabási-Albert random graph models.
Günümüz koşullarında fosil yakıtların hem hızla tükenmeye başlaması hem de maliyetlerinin yüksek olması ve çevresel kaygılar nedenleriyle, enerji üretiminde yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına daha ...hızlı bir yönelim olmaktadır. İnsanoğlu, yirminci yüzyılın başlarından itibaren yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından güç üretme yeteneği kazanmış olup, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından biri olan jeotermal enerji günümüzde üzerine çaba harcanan enerji kaynaklarından biri haline gelmiştir. Yenilenebilir ve sürdürülebilir enerji kaynaklarından biri olan jeotermal enerji santrallerinin (JES) projelendirilmesi yapılırken, karşılaşılabilecek olası risklerin belirlenmesi ve bu risklere karşı önlem alınması; planlanan santralin güvenliği, verimi, kullanım ömrü, proje maliyetinin belirlendiği düzeyde kalması ve elektrik enerjisi üretiminde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması açılarından olumlu etkilere sahiptir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada JES kurulumunda veya projelendirilmesinde karşılaşılabilecek hata ve riskler, sırasıyla Hata Türü ve Etkileri Analizi (HTEA), Pareto ve Analitik hiyerarşi prosesi (AHP) sistematiğinde araştırılmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır.
In today's conditions, there is a faster trend towards renewable energy sources in energy production owing to the quickly consuming of fossil combustibles, their high costs and environmental concerns. Mankind has gained the ability to generate power from sources of renewable energy until now the early of the twentieth century, and geothermal energy has become one of the energy sources on which efforts are made today. During the design of geothermal power plants (GPP), that is one of the sources of sustainable and renewable energy, determining the possible risks that may be encountered and taking precautions against these risks; It has positive effects in terms of safety, efficiency, useful life of the planned power plant, keeping the project cost at the determined level and ensuring sustainability in electrical energy production. Therefore, the failures that may be met in the installation or design of GPP; Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Pareto and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) systematics were searched and their outcomes were matched in this study.
Random K-out graphs, denoted \(\mathbb{H}(n;K)\), are generated by each of the \(n\) nodes drawing \(K\) out-edges towards \(K\) distinct nodes selected uniformly at random, and then ignoring the ...orientation of the arcs. Recently, random K-out graphs have been used in applications as diverse as random (pairwise) key predistribution in ad-hoc networks, anonymous message routing in crypto-currency networks, and differentially-private federated averaging. In many applications, connectivity of the random K-out graph when some of its nodes are dishonest, have failed, or have been captured is of practical interest. We provide a comprehensive set of results on the connectivity and giant component size of \(\mathbb{H}(n;K_n,\gamma_n)\), i.e., random K-out graph when \(\gamma_n\) of its nodes, selected uniformly at random, are deleted. First, we derive conditions for \(K_n\) and \(n\) that ensure, with high probability (whp), the connectivity of the remaining graph when the number of deleted nodes is \(\gamma_n=\Omega(n)\) and \(\gamma_n=o(n)\), respectively. Next, we derive conditions for \(\mathbb{H}(n;K_n,\gamma_n)\) to have a giant component, i.e., a connected subgraph with \(\Omega(n)\) nodes, whp. This is also done for different scalings of \(\gamma_n\) and upper bounds are provided for the number of nodes outside the giant component. Simulation results are presented to validate the usefulness of the results in the finite node regime.
The emergence of landslides; take part among flooding, earthquakes, tsunami, volcano eruptions, storms, etc... that usually play adverse role on the life of the societies. In general, the landslides ...emerge due to the flow, collapse, slide or fall of the filling materials in the hillside that lose their stability. The monitoring of the landslides in pre-emerging stage and to ensure taking precautionary measures that they do not cause any harm in the infrastructures are so important with regard to human life and dwelling places of the society. Assessing the aerial photography alongside with the topographic measurements on the landslide stricken areas or on the fields of having landslide potential becomes very important during the evaluating, understanding and making inventory and sensitivity mapping of the landslides. There are some risks, especially in the assessment of aerial photography and making high quality inventory and sensitivity maps alongside with the landslide field studies. In the study, it is attempted to provide sufficient information on definition, evaluation and taking precautionary measures by FMEA and Pareto Analysis for difficulties and risks that are relevant with the aerial photography alongside with the landslide field studies.
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