Dipping of GaAs (1 0 0) wafers in S
2Cl
2 or S
2Cl
2 + CCl
4 solution has been previously found effective to passivating the GaAs surface. Application of synchrotron radiation photoelectron ...spectroscopy (SRPES) to such a surface reveals the presence of various S-containing species on the surface. Although bulk-like As
x
S
y
phases prevail on the as-treated surface, annealing of the sample to above 150°C results in a thorough transfer of S atoms from AsS to GaS, indicating that steady passivation is associated with the presence of GaS bonds at the surface.
In this paper, a nonlinear proportional and integral (PI) controller based on Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is proposed for the speed control of electric drives. The Lyapunov function ...is employed in the design process to ensure system stability. The proposed nonlinear PI controller has a fixed proportional gain but a variable integral gain, which makes it outperforms than the conventional linear PI controller in terms of robustness to inertia variations. This paper's design method distinguishes between an adaptive linear neuron (ADALINE) and an RBFNN with a hidden layer. The linear integrator in a traditional PI controller can be thought of as an ADALINE, whereas the nonlinear integrator can be activated by using a hidden layer. Various experiments on the dSPACE MicroLabBox-based test bench are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Three mouse monoclonal antibodies of human liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase are shown to bind to the enzyme at different sites as determined by ELISA. The binding of one of the monoclonal ...antibodies, L2E1, mimics the effects of K+ ions, including increase in the enzyme activity and enhancement of the sensitivity of the enzyme to AMP inhibition. We tentatively suggest that human liver FruP2ase may have a specific K+ activation site, which at least partially overlaps with the L2E1 binding region. This site has been localized by analyzing the peptide fragments formed by cleavage with cyanogen bromide.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la compactación del suelo debido a la labranza en la producciòn de maíz de primavera. Evaluamos los valores de SPAD y la estructura del ...cloroplasto en hojas prematuras de maíz de primavera en la fase fenológica de llenado de grano. Las plantas de maíz crecieron en condiciones simuladas de compactación de suelo o de rotura de dicha compactación. Las plantas que crecieron en condiciones de suelo compactado mostraron daño irreversible en la estructura de los cloroplastos, cambios en la forma de los cloroplastos, desintegración y ruptura de la membrana de los cloroplastos, y reducción de la visibilidad en la lamela de las granas. El contenido de clorofila se redujo, lo cual es una característica tìpica de la senescencia. Las prácticas de cultivo que rompieron la compactación del suelo mostraron cloroplastos con una estructura más estable en hojas de maíz. Esto prolongó el período de actividad de las hojas luego de la floración, evitando una senescencia prematura e incrementando los rendimientos en maíz de primavera.
A Survey of Web Service Discovery Systems Le, Duy Ngan; Soong Goh, Angela Eck
International journal of information technology and web engineering,
04/2007, Letnik:
2, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Web services form the core of e-business and hence, have experienced a rapid development in the past few years. This has led to a demand for a discovery mechanism for Web services. Discovery is the ...most important task in the Web service model because Web services are use-less if they cannot be discovered. A large number of Web service discovery systems have been developed. Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) is a typical mechanism that stores indexes to Web services but it does not support semantics. Semantic Web service discovery systems that have been developed include systems that support matching Web services using the same ontology, systems that support matching Web services using different ontologies, and systems that support limitations of UDDI. This chapter presents a survey of Web service discovery systems, focusing on systems that support semantics. The article also elaborates on open issues relating to such discovery systems.
Little is known about the information on sexually transmitted disease (STD)/AIDS in the population working in congregating trading markets in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted among three ...big congregating trading markets in Hefei City. Seven hundred fifty-two market vendors completed a questionnaire, 333 of two markets provided specimen for STD/HIV testing. The majority of market vendors in China are sexually active youths and adults, and have little education. The market vendors had poor knowledge of STD/AIDS. The rates of correct answers to questions about STD/AIDS varied between 21.1%-81.9%. More than 50% of the market vendors had a negative attitude toward HIV-infected individuals. Among the subjects, 27.6% had had premarital or extramarital sex; 15.9% reported using condoms in the past 12 months. Among those who provided specimens, 3.9% were identified with STD, approximately 9 times higher than that in the general population of Hefei (0.4%). Our study suggests China should implement STD/HIV prevention interventions for market vendors to prevent STD/HIV infection.
With substantial improvements in analytic techniques over the past decade, it has become possible to measure polychlorinated dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in human tissue in a ...congener-specific fashion down to the low parts per trillion level. This paper reviews findings using these new techniques from a number of recent medical and environmental case studies. These studies include those of workers exposed to a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) transformer fire in the United States, German chemical workers exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodicain (2,3,7,8-TCDD) while cleaning up after an explosion, workers at a municipal incinerator in New York City, a chemist exposed to brominated and chlorinated dioxins, U.S. veterans and also Vietnamese civilians exposed to Agent Orange contaminated with TCDD in Vietnam, and victims of the polychlorinated dibenzofuran and PCB contaminated rice oil (Yusho) incident in Japan.
Device-centric spectrum management Zheng, H.; Lili Cao
First IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, 2005. DySPAN 2005,
2005
Conference Proceeding
Efficient spectrum allocation in open spectrum systems is a challenging problem, particularly for devices with constrained communication resources such as sensor and mobile ad hoc networks. We ...propose a device-centric spectrum management scheme with low communication costs, where users observe local interference patterns and act independently according to preset spectrum rules. We propose five rules that tradeoff performance with implementation complexity and communication costs, and derive a lower bound on each user's allocation based on these rules. Experimental results show that our proposed rule-based approach reduces communication costs from efficient collaborative approaches by a factor of 3-4 while providing good performance
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