Several studies have demonstrated the decreased insulin resistance (IR) in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with glimepiride. Those suggest this might be associated with observed ...higher concentrations of adiponectin. We assessed if there is a difference in IR and metabolic syndrome components between glimepiride and glibenclamide treatment as well as adiponectin concentration in T2DM. Our research observed 20 T2DM patients treated with glibenclamid and 20 switched to glimepiride (n = 20) treatment for 24 weeks. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory analysis were performed at the beginning and at the end of treatment while IR was accessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The glimepiride group revealed better glycaemic control compared to glibenclamide group. Moreover, the adiponectin concentration increased (23.9 ± 17.3 to 29.1 ± 12.2 ng/mL, p = 0.087) whereas it decreased in the glibenclamide group (34.3 ± 22.6 to 20.3 ± 11.3 ng/mL, p = 0.011) following 24 weeks of treatment. The serum adiponectin and HOMA-IR were inversely correlated within the group of glibenclamide (r = –0.667, p = 0.009). The present study demonstrates that glimepiride might have beneficial effect on IR compared to glibenclamide, as suggested. However, this observation needs further study investigation among other formulations of SU.
Abstract. Several studies have demonstrated the decreased insulin resistance (IR) in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with glimepiride. Those suggest this might be associated with ...observed higher concentrations of adiponectin. We assessed if there is a difference in IR and metabolic syndrome components between glimepiride and glibenclamide treatment as well as adiponectin concentration in T2DM. Our research observed 20 T2DM patients treated with glibenclamid and 20 switched to glimepiride (n = 20) treatment for 24 weeks. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory analysis were performed at the beginning and at the end of treatment while IR was accessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The glimepiride group revealed better glycacmic control compared to glibenclamide group. Moreover, the adiponectin concentration increased (23.9 +- 17.3 to 29.1 +- 12.2 ng/mL, p = 0.087) whereas it decreased in the glibenclamide group (34.3 +- 22.6 to 20.3 +- 11.3 ng/mL, p = 0.011) following 24 weeks of treatment. The serum adiponectin and HOMA-IR were inversely correlated within the group of glibenclamide (r = -0.667, p = 0.009). The present study demonstrates that glimepiride might have beneficial effect on IR compared to glibenclamide, as suggested. However, this observation needs further study investigation among other formulations of SU.
We have reported previously that various gangliosides, the sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids, provide protection against sperm injury caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, ...we investigated the effect of treatment of human spermatozoa with ganglioside GT1b on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced DNA fragmentation and plasma membrane damage. Single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) used in the assessment of sperm DNA integrity showed that in vitro supplemented GT1b (100 μ m) significantly reduced DNA damage induced by H₂O₂ (200 μ m) (p < 0.05). Measurements of Annexin V binding in combination with the propidium iodide vital dye labelling demonstrated that the spermatozoa pre-treated with GT1b exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the percentage of live cells with intact membrane and decreased phosphatidylserine translocation after exposure to H₂O₂. Flow cytometry using the intracellular ROS-sensitive fluorescence dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate dye employed to investigate the transport of the extracellularly supplied H₂O₂ into the cell interior revealed that ganglioside GT1b completely inhibited the passage of H₂O₂ through the sperm membrane. These results suggest that ganglioside GT1b may protect human spermatozoa from H₂O₂-induced damage by rendering sperm membrane more hydrophobic, thus inhibiting the diffusion of H₂O₂ across the membrane.
Several studies have demonstrated the decreased insulin resistance (IR) in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with glimepiride. Those suggest this might be associated with observed ...higher concentrations of adiponectin. We assessed if there is a difference in IR and metabolic syndrome components between glimepiride and glibenclamide treatment as well as adiponectin concentration in T2DM. Our research observed 20 T2DM patients treated with glibenclamid and 20 switched to glimepiride (n = 20) treatment for 24 weeks. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory analysis were performed at the beginning and at the end of treatment while IR was accessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The glimepiride group revealed better glycaemic control compared to glibenclamide group. Moreover, the adiponectin concentration increased (23.9 ± 17.3 to 29.1 ± 12.2 ng/mL, p = 0.087) whereas it decreased in the glibenclamide group (34.3 ± 22.6 to 20.3 ± 11.3 ng/mL, p = 0.011) following 24 weeks of treatment. The serum adiponectin and HOMA-IR were inversely correlated within the group of glibenclamide (r = –0.667, p = 0.009). The present study demonstrates that glimepiride might have beneficial effect on IR compared to glibenclamide, as suggested. However, this observation needs further study investigation among other formulations of SU.
Diabetes can cause the development of pulmonary complications due to collagen and elastin changes, as well as microangiopathy. This study demonstrates the relationship between pulmonary complications ...and other chronic complications in diabetes. Twenty-seven patients with diabetes, aged 21 to 62 years, who had had the disease from 3 to 32 years, were included in this study. The protein excretion rate (PER) and the diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were included as parameters of the severity of complications. PER was determined by the Biuret method. DLCO was measured by the single-breath method and was corrected by the measurement of alveolar volume (VA). The values of DLCO as corrected by VA (DLCO/VA) were included in the statistical evaluation of the results. The variables of age, duration of diabetes, and complication parameters were included in a multiple regression model with forward, stepwise selection to assess their value in predicting DLCO/VA. The variables were found to be significant predictors of DLCO/VA (R2 = 0.46, adjusted R2 = 0.32, p < 0.022). However, proteinuria was the only significant independent predictor of DLCO/VA. This finding indicates that both renal and pulmonary complications of diabetes share a similar microangiopathic background.
According to the nonenzymatic glycation hypothesis, excessive production of toxic α-oxoaldehydes is associated with diabetes tissue damage. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that ...methylglyoxal overproduction is affected by glycemic fluctuation.
Methylglyoxal was measured by HPLC in 41 patients with diabetes, and correlated with 9-point daily glucose profiles, fasting glucose level, as well as early (HbA
1c) and advanced glycation products. The 24-h glycemia variability was expressed as the
M value, a quantitative index of diurnal glucose fluctuation.
Methylglyoxal was, in parallel, analyzed in the whole blood and the plasma of the same individual. Significantly higher concentrations were measured in plasma samples of both, patients with diabetes (
n = 41) (742 ± 141 vs. 409 ± 131 nmol/L;
P = 0.000001) and normoglycemic controls (
n = 10) (520 ± 42 vs. 338 ± 62 nmol/L;
P = 0.0002). Difference between plasma and whole blood methylglyoxal (ΔMG) in the same individual showed higher ΔMG values in patients with diabetes (346 ± 165 vs. 167 ± 86 nmol/L;
P = 0.0027). Elevated methylglyoxal production was observed in patients with
M values >20, yielding a significant correlation between
M values and methylglyoxal levels. A significant negative correlation between methylglyoxal and creatinine clearance was observed (
r = −0.38,
P = 0.019).
Methylglyoxal was demonstrated to be a parameter characterized by high sensitivity to glycemic fluctuation. The difference between plasma and whole blood concentrations, in the diabetic population versus control subjects might be associated with increased biogenesis, less efficient endogenous detoxification and/or decreased elimination.
Summary
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to establish whether increased levels of serum lipoprotein(a) significantly contribute to an increase in intima-media thickness and the number of carotid ...artery plaques, and consequently to cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Lipoprotein(a) levels, intima-media thickness and the number of carotid artery plaques were determined at the beginning of the study in 146 patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients were divided into two groups according to serum lipoprotein(a) levels (> or ≤30 mg/dl). Intima-media thickness and the number of plaques were again determined after four years of follow-up. Intima-media thickness was assessed using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. RESULTS: The two groups of patients revealed no significant differences in baseline intima-media thickness (
P
= 0.112) in relation to lipoprotein(a) level. After follow-up, intima-media thickness was significantly greater in patients with higher lipoprotein(a) levels (1.24 + 0.22 vs. 1.15 + 0.17 mm, respectively;
P
= 0.005). The mean increase in thickness over four years was 0.12 mm (0.030 mm/year) in the group with low lipoprotein(a) levels and 0.17 mm (0.043 mm/year) in the group with high lipoprotein(a). Multivariate analysis indicated that intima-media thickness depended on lipoprotein(a), and not on triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol levels or waist-to-hip ratio. No significant difference in baseline and follow-up number of plaques was observed between the study groups (
P
= 0.276 vs.
P
= 0.355, respectively). Although the group with lipoprotein(a) >30 mg/dl had more cardiovascular events, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that lipoprotein(a) is an independent, genetically determined risk factor closely associated with progression of intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes.
The Croatian Association for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders of the Croatian Medical Association has issued in 2011 the first national guidelines for the nutrition, education, self-control, and ...pharmacotherapy of diabetes type 2. According to the increased number of available medicines and new evidence related to the effectiveness and safety of medicines already involved in the therapy there was a need for update of the existing guidelines for the pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes in the Republic of Croatia.
as co-authors of the Guidelines there are listed all members of the Croatian Association for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, as well as other representatives of professional societies within the Croatian Medical Association, who have contributed with comments and suggestions to the development of the Guidelines.
These guidelines are evidence-based, according to the GRADE system (eng. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation), which describes the level of evidence and strength of recommendations.
An individual patient approach based on physiological principles in blood glucose control is essential for diabetes' patients management. Glycemic targets and selection of the pharmacological agents should be tailored to the patient, taking into account the age, duration of disease, life expectancy, risk of hypoglyce- mia, comorbidities, developed vascular and other complications as well as other factors. Because of all this, is of national interest to have a practical, rational and applicable guidelines for the pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes.
Zinc and copper in the serum of diabetic patients Car, N. (University of Zagreb, Zagreb Yugoslavia); Car, A; Granic, M ...
Biological trace element research,
(Jan-Mar 1992), 1992 Jan-Mar, Letnik:
32
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Zn/Cu ratio was examined in the serum of three groups of persons: healthy volunteers, diabetic patients on diabetic diet (NIDDM), and diabetic patients on diabetic diet and insulin (IDDM). Zinc, ...copper, the Zn/Cu serum ratio, and the blood glucose level were determined during fasting and 2 h after breakfast. Zn and Cu serum levels in NIDDM and IDDM patients were decreased. The Zn/Cu ratio was higher in both groups of diabetic patients. These changes in the Zn and Cu levels as well as in the Zn/Cu ratio were not related to chronic diabetic complications.
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