SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Breast Milk After Vaccination Romero Ramírez, Dolores Sabina; Lara Pérez, María Magdalena; Carretero Pérez, Mercedes ...
Pediatrics (Evanston),
11/2021, Letnik:
148, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Passive and active immunity transfer through human milk (HM) constitutes a key element in the infant's developing immunity. Certain infectious diseases and vaccines have been described to induce ...changes in the immune components of HM.
We conducted a prospective cohort single-institution study from February 2 to April 4, 2021. Women who reported to be breastfeeding at the time of their coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination were invited to participate. Blood and milk samples were collected on day 14 after their second dose of the vaccine. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against nucleocapsid protein as well as IgG, immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies against the spike 1 protein receptor-binding domain against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD-S1) were analyzed in both serum and HM samples.
Most of the participants (ie, 94%) received the BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine. The mean serum concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD-S-IgG antibodies in vaccinated individuals was 3379.6 ± 1639.5 binding antibody units per mL. All vaccinated study participants had anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD-S1-IgG, and 89% of them had anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD-S-IgA in their milk. The antibody concentrations in the milk of mothers who were breastfeeding 24 months were significantly higher than in mothers with breastfeeding periods <24 months (
< .001).
We found a clear association between COVID-19 vaccination and specific immunoglobulin concentrations in HM. This effect was more pronounced when lactation periods exceeded 23 months. The influence of the lactation period on immunoglobulins was specific and independent of other variables.
(1) Background: In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) templates have replaced traditional two-dimensional (2D) templates as visual guides during intra-operative carving of the autogenous cartilage ...framework in microtia reconstruction. This study aims to introduce a protocol of the fabrication of patient-specific, 3D printed and sterilizable auricular models for autogenous auricular reconstruction. (2) Methods: The patient’s unaffected ear was captured with a high-resolution surface 3D scan (Artec Eva) and post-processed in order to obtain a clean surface model (STL format). In the next step, the ear was digitally mirrored, segmented and separated into its component auricle parts for reconstruction. It was disassembled into helix, antihelix, tragus and base and a physical model was 3D printed for each part. Following this segmentation, the cartilage was carved in the operating room, based on the models. (3) Results: This segmentation technique facilitates the modeling and carving of the scaffold, with adequate height, depth, width and thickness. This reduces both the surgical time and the amount of costal cartilage used. (4) Conclusions: This segmentation technique uses surface scanning and 3D printing to produce sterilizable and patient-specific 3D templates.
Enfermedad relacionada con IgG4: a propósito de un caso de las Heras Flórez, Silvia; Carretero Pérez, Mercedes; Sanz Díaz, Carmen Teresa ...
Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio,
03/2020, Letnik:
1, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
La enfermedad relacionada con IgG4 (ER-IgG4) es un proceso patológico de reciente descripción que puede afectar a casi cualquier órgano. Su diagnóstico se basa en la correlación de hallazgos clínicos ...con los resultados histopatológicos, así como en el hallazgo de la IgG4 sérica elevada. El tratamiento se basa en corticoides y rituximab en los casos más graves. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con un cuadro sistémico, diagnosticado de ER-IgG4 en el que el hallazgo de niveles elevados de IgG4 en suero sirvieron como apoyo en el diagnóstico.
Background Difficulty in interpreting white blood cell (WBC) counts in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) complicates the diagnosis of neonatal meningitis in traumatic lumbar punctures (LP). The aim of our ...study was to determine the correction factor for WBC counts in traumatic LP that offers the greatest diagnostic efficacy in meningitis. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study of LP in neonates between January 2014 and December 2020. Traumatic LP was defined as a red blood cell (RBC) count greater than or equal to 1,000 cells/mm.sup.3 CSF and pleocytosis as WBCs greater than or equal to 20 cells/mm.sup.3 CSF. The CSF RBC:WBC ratio was analyzed by linear regression to determine a new correction factor. Cell count adjustments were also studied using the 500:1, the 1,000:1 ratio method, and the peripheral blood RBC:WBC ratio, using ROC curves and studies of accuracy (sensitivity and specificity). Results Overall, 41.0% of the 1,053 LPs included in the study were traumatic. The best results for effective WBC correction were the method based on the peripheral blood ratio (sensitivity = 1.0 and specificity = 0.9 for bacterial meningitis and sensitivity = 0.8 and specificity = 0.9 for viral meningitis) and the 400:1 ratio (sensitivity = 1.0 and specificity = 0.8 for bacterial meningitis and sensitivity = 0.8 and specificity = 0.8 for viral meningitis) obtained from linear regression (95% CI 381.7-427.4; R2 = 0.7). Conclusion Both the peripheral blood correction and the 400:1 correction reduce the number of neonates classified with pleocytosis who were not eventually diagnosed with meningitis. Both methods might be a useful tool to clarify the neonatal meningitis diagnosis, offering neonatologists the possibility to assess the WBC count in traumatic LP. Keywords: Bacterial meningitis, Cerebrospinal fluid, Newborn, Spinal puncture, Viral meningitis
Highlights ► Serum parietal cell autoantibodies (PCA) are typical of autoimmune gastritis. ► In the general population PCA are more frequent in postmenopausal women. ► PCA are more frequent in people ...with insulin resistance. ► Smoking and alcohol consumption have a strong protective association with PCA. ► In patients who smoke or drink alcohol, clinicians should be cautious about PCA.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Previous studies have shown that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kappa free light chains (K-FLCs) may have a ...role in MS diagnosis. In this regard, the kappa index (K-Index) has demonstrated higher sensitivity, and slightly lower specificity than oligoclonal bands (OCBs), the gold standard for the detection of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis, a feature of MS. Here, we evaluated the performance of the K-Index (K-Index = CSF/serum K-FLC divided by CSF/serum albumin) for the differential diagnosis of MS in a cohort of patients with suspected MS. K-FLCs were quantitatively measured in parallel serum and CSF samples by turbidimetry (Freelite Mx reagent on an Optilite system, The Binding Site Group Ltd). From 160 (63.4%) of a total of 252 patients who had K-FLC in CSF <0.03 mg/dl, below the sensitivity limit of the technique, only one had a diagnosis of MS. However, the absence of OCB in this same patient suggested no synthesis of intrathecal immunoglobulin. Globally, MS patients presented significantly higher K-Index levels than patients without an MS diagnosis (66.96 vs. 0.025, respectively;
p
< 0.0001). In agreement, patients with positive OCB testing also exhibited higher K-Index levels than patients negative for OCB (65.02 vs. 0.024, respectively;
p
< 0.0001). An optimal K-Index cutoff of 3.045 was defined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for screening suspected MS, achieving a higher diagnostic sensitivity and slightly lower specificity than OCB (Sens. 0.9778 and Spec. 0.8629 vs. Sens. 0.8889 and Spec. 0.9086, respectively). A previously reported K-Index cutoff of 6.6 also showed good diagnostic performance (Sens. 0.9333; Spec. 0.8731), validating its power as a diagnostic biomarker for MS. Finally, a time- and cost-effective algorithm for MS screening is proposed that would offer an initial rapid evaluation of the intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis through the K-FLC in CSF and K-Index analysis, followed by reflexing OCB testing that may be ordered more selectively.
IgG4-related disease: a case report de las Heras Flórez, Silvia; Pérez, Mercedes Carretero; Sanz Díaz, Carmen Teresa ...
Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio,
03/2020, Letnik:
1, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a condition that was first described recently, and is capable of affecting any organ of the body. Diagnosis is based on the correlation of clinical findings with ...histopathological findings and elevated serum IgG4. Treatment involves corticosteroids and rituximab for the most severe cases. We report the case of a symptomatic patient diagnosed of IgG4-RD whose diagnosed was guided by elevated serum IgG4 levels.
IgG4-related disease: a case report de Las Heras Flórez, Silvia; Pérez, Mercedes Carretero; Sanz Díaz, Carmen Teresa ...
Advances in laboratory medicine
1, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a condition that was first described recently, and is capable of affecting any organ of the body. Diagnosis is based on the correlation of clinical findings with ...histopathological findings and elevated serum IgG4. Treatment involves corticosteroids and rituximab for the most severe cases. We report the case of a symptomatic patient diagnosed of IgG4-RD whose diagnosed was guided by elevated serum IgG4 levels.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Ameloblastic fibroma is a rare benign mixed odontogenic tumor that usually presents as a painless swelling in young patients. In this article we performed a literature review ...and present our experience in the management of fibroblastic ameloblastoma in 4 cases. Material and methods: We performed a review of cases published in the literature in PubMed between 2015 and 2022. Regarding our experience, research in the Anatomical Pathology department was done to find cases of ameloblastic fibroma that had been histologically confirmed. Results: The search rendered 29 results, of which only 9 were selected. All articles were single case reports, and most of them were located in the mandible (77,7 %). Most patients underwent enucleation and curettage, and no recurrence were reported by any of the authors. We found 4 cases operated in our department in the last 15 years. Two lesions were located in the maxilla and 2 in the mandible. In all cases, enucleation and curettage was performed, including extraction of the teeth involved, with a very favorable evolution and no recurrences. Discussion: Management can be conservative, performing enucleation and curettage with a very favorable evolution. Variable rates of recurrence have been described and a malignant variant has been identified, so long-term follow-up must be done. In the literature we found only single case reports, with most of the cases presenting in the mandible and undergoing conservative treatment with favorable results. In our series we did not observe recurrences, with good bone regeneration and receiving subsequent orthodontic treatment.
ABSTRACT Introduction: One of the most important surgical steps in secondary alveolar bone grafting of the repair of the nasal floor. Proper separation of the nasal and oral mucosa is of utmost ...importance in order to provide sufficient and adequate space for the bone graft to be placed. A "pocket" is created where the nasal mucosa represents the "roof" and the oral mucosa the "floor". This pocket will host the bone graft which will regenerate bone in the cleft in order to offer proper bony support for future orthodontic treatment and rehabilitation. Watertight and accurate suture of the nasal mucosa is a decisive step in this surgical technique, so as to avoid prolapse of the nasal floor into the graft space which will hamper bone graft intake. Technical note: We present a technical modification where the nasal mucosa is sutured to the maxillary bone with absorbable sutures to keep the nasal floor in proper suspension and avoid prolapse into the graft. Conclusions: This is a simple technique that helps improve the symmetry of the nasal fossa and maintains the nasal floor in proper tension to avoid prolapse of soft tissue within the graft, enhancing bone formation. It is important to use this technique alongside with a membrane.
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