This study outlines the development of attribution scales to assess the antecedent processes of proactive, reactive, and acquisitive offending. Empirical keying, internal consistency, and item ...performance were the three test development strategies. Six samples (total N = 1,527) from parole, university, probation, and prison were used. The Proactive scale (10 items) reflected coldness and distance between offender and victims, the Reactive scale (10 items) reflected recklessness and excuses for violent behavior, and the Acquisitive scale (15 items) reflected less negative views of crime and choices. Convergent and discriminant validities were demonstrated by the Proactive scale stronger correlations with planning items, the Reactive scale stronger correlations with affective and person-based items, and the Acquisitive scale stronger correlations with other-based motives. Linking Proactive, Reactive, and Acquisitive scales to an offense provides psychological meaning that can benefit assessment and interventions.
Which psychological testing measures are clinical child and adolescent psychologists most commonly using? How has managed care influenced the practice of assessment for these professionals? This ...study provides survey data from 162 child practitioners employed in independent practice and in hospital, outpatient, and school-based settings throughout the United States. The results demonstrate marked consistency with recent surveys of clinicians working with adults, and a list of the 30 most frequently utilized measures is provided. Over 40% of the sample reported significant limitations in psychological testing due to managed-care policies. Strategies for maintaining an assessment practice are discussed.
This study aimed to inform training guidelines for Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (CCAP) by assessing current CCAP training practices and perceived gaps in trainee readiness at each stage ...of training. Training directors (TDs) of doctoral, internship, and postdoctoral programs offering training in CCAP completed an online survey regarding training experiences offered in their program and areas in which trainees could be better prepared. Responses from each training program were coded to characterize the program's level of specialty training using the Taxonomy for Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. Among doctoral programs, 30.8% met criteria for Major Area of Study in CCAP, 23.1% for Emphasis, 28.2% for Experience, and 15.4% for Exposure. Most internship programs (94.3%) and all postdoctoral programs met criteria for Major Area of Study. TDs indicated that trainees could be better prepared in areas specific and central to each level of training; time management was identified as an area for improvement across levels of training. Postdoctoral TDs identified proficiency gaps among trainees nearing independent practice that are critical for competent service delivery in CCAP, including case conceptualization, assessment, and intervention. The pattern of increased specialization later in training and identified gaps particularly near the end of training have implications for specialty training and the development of training guidelines in CCAP.
Public Significance Statement
Training guidelines for CCAP offer value for program development, promoting consistency in training across programs, assisting trainees in achieving necessary experiences, and ensuring the competency of the mental health workforce. This study describes the current landscape of training and areas where trainees can be better prepared for doctoral, internship, and postdoctoral work. The results are intended to facilitate development of training guidelines for the specialty.
Sociocultural Attitudes and Symptoms of Bulimia Cashel, Mary Louise; Cunningham, Dana; Landeros, Clarinda ...
Journal of counseling psychology,
07/2003, Letnik:
50, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This study evaluated the utility of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ;
L. J. Heinberg, J. K. Thompson, & S. Stormer, 1995
) for the assessment of diverse college ...groups, including men, women, minorities, and sorority members. Scores from the SATAQ were compared with the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2;
D. M. Garner, 1991
) for a sample of 405 college students at a large midwestern university. Significant group differences were observed on the scales assessing awareness of sociocultural pressures to be thin and internalization of these attitudes. These scores were highest among the Caucasian women, Caucasian sorority, and Hispanic sorority groups. However, construct validity was only demonstrated for the Internalization scale and was strongest for the Caucasian women, suggesting that sociocultural awareness may hold unique meaning for diverse groups. The need for the development of more specific measures assessing sociocultural pressures, internalization, and the implications for counseling psychologists is discussed.
Study examined the validity of self-reported delinquency and socio-emotional functioning of 48 court-probated juveniles. In summary, the youth acknowledged involvement in more delinquent activities ...than were reported by their parents or noted in probation records. Adolescent self-report may play a critical role in the identification of effective treatment interventions for these youth. (Contains 34 references and 5 tables.) (Author)
This study examined the validity of self-reported delinquency and socio-emotional functioning of 48 court-probated juveniles from the Southern Illinois region. Data collected for this study included: ...probation referral forms providing criminal history background information for each youth, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach, 1991b), the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach, 1991a), and a modified version of the Conduct Disorder module of the K-SADS (Ambrosini, 1992). Moderately strong, positive correlations were observed between the CBCL and YSR scores, but only for limited scales. Comparisons of the CBCL and YSR delinquency scales with probation records of police contacts and adjudications demonstrated moderately strong convergence and both the youth and parent reported data successfully predicted adjudications in hierarchical regression analyses. In summary, the youth acknowledged involvement in more delinquent activities than were reported by their parents or noted in probation records. It appears that adolescent self-report may play a critical role in the identification of effective treatment interventions for court-probated youth.
This is the first study to evaluate the efficacy of a structured group therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in incarcerated male juveniles. Ten groups of juveniles (
n
= 45) completed a ...12-session intervention with pre- and postassessments composed of the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (
C. Frederick, 1985
) and supplementary measures of anxiety, anger, and depression. Overall, group participants experienced significant reductions in self-reported PTSD symptoms. Supplemental analyses suggest that this treatment was most beneficial for youth with trauma related to gang and community violence.
This study evaluated the utility of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ; L. J. Heinberg, J. K. Thompson, and S. Stormer, 1995) for the assessment of diverse college ...groups, including men, women, minorities, and sorority members. Scores from the SATAQ were compared with the Eating Disorder Inventory - 2 (EDI - 2; D. M. Garner, 1991) for a sample of 405 college students at a large midwestern university. Significant group differences were observed on the scales assessing awareness of sociocultural pressures to be thin and internalization of these attitudes. These scores were highest among the Caucasian women, Caucasian sorority, and Hispanic sorority groups. However, construct validity was only demonstrated for the Internalizationscale and was strongest for the Caucasian women, suggesting that sociocultural awareness may hold unique meaning for diverse groups. The need for the development of more specific measures assessing sociocultural pressures, internalization, and the implications for counseling psychologists is discussed. (Original abstract)
The use of scales on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) to detect defensiveness in criminal and nonclinical samples was evaluated with 45 male inmates and 38 male undergraduates under ...standard conditions or under instructions to feign a positive role. Results indicate that the PAI is susceptible to defensive dissimulation. (SLD)
Adolescent psychopathology, until recently, has been a largely neglected area of research and poses unique challenges for psychological assessments. In response to the specific need for ...adolescent-focused measures, the MMPI-A (Butcher et al., 1992) was among several measures to be developed. Although a sizeable literature exists on the original MMPI (Hathaway & McKinley, 1943) and adolescent populations, relatively few empirical studies have been published on the MMPI-A. The primary purpose of this study was the examination of clinical correlates for the MMPI-A for a male delinquent sample. MMPI-A protocols were collected from 99 adolescents at a North Texas juvenile correctional facility, and systematic comparisons were conducted between the Basic Scales and symptoms/diagnoses derived from the Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age. Children (K-SADS-III-R; Ambrosini, Metz, Prabucki, & Lee, 1989). Using only K-SADS-III-R symptoms with high reliabilities (rs > .80), a comprehensive list of correlates was generated for the Clinical, Supplementary, and Content Scales. Additionally, stepwise discriminant functions successfully classified MMPI-A protocols according to K-SADS-III-R diagnoses. As an exploratory analysis, ethnic differences on MMPI-A profiles were also investigated, revealing significant differences among groups.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, FSPLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
