Objetivo.
Mostrar la evolución de los lineamientos sobre políticas públicas en salud enfocadas en farmacorresistencia microbiana o resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) que la Organización Mundial ...de la Salud (OMS) ha emitido desde 1948 hasta 2022. Además, se mencionan otras acciones gubernamentales relacionadas.
Métodos.
Se llevó a cabo una revisión detallada de los archivos de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud y el Consejo Ejecutivo de la OMS. Se realizó un análisis textual de resoluciones sobre la RAM, que dan pauta al diseño de políticas y acciones gubernamentales para los Estados Miembros de la OMS. También se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en SCOPUS, Pubmed y literatura gris con categoría de análisis: políticas públicas en salud sobre la RAM.
Resultados.
La RAM se ha convertido en la mayor amenaza para la salud pública, y compromete el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. Presentamos resoluciones de la OMS como evidencia de lineamientos para combatir la RAM. En consonancia, se menciona el enfoque “Una salud”, estrategias, iniciativas, planes y programas relacionados. Se identificó una brecha en la investigación y el desarrollo de antimicrobianos nuevos, que requiere un análisis más profundo.
Conclusiones.
La OMS ha realizado esfuerzos para combatir la RAM. Esto ha generado un desarrollo integral de políticas públicas en salud, para que los Estados Miembros las apliquen según la soberanía de sus gobiernos.
In
the expression of type 1 pili (T1P) is determined by the site-specific inversion of the
ON-OFF switch located immediately upstream of major fimbrial subunit gene
. Here we investigated the role of ...virulence (Ler, GrlR, and GrlA) and global regulators (H-NS, IHF, and Fis) in the regulation of the
switch in the human enteropathogenic
(EPEC) O127:H6 strain E2348/69. This strain does not produce detectable T1P and PCR analysis of the
switch confirmed that it is locked in the OFF orientation. Among the regulator mutants analyzed, only the ∆
mutant produced significantly high levels of T1P on its surface and yielded high titers of agglutination of guinea pig erythrocytes. Expression analysis of the
,
, and
promoters using
transcriptional fusions indicated that only P
activity is enhanced in the absence of Fis. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Fis is a negative regulator of T1P expression in EPEC and suggest that it is required for the FimE-dependent inversion of the
switch from the ON-to-OFF direction. It is possible that a similar mechanism of T1P regulation exists in other intestinal and extra-intestinal pathogenic classes of
.
Resistencia de Lactobacillus spp. A malatión 1000 Berra, Marco Angel Simoni; Ortiz, Jorge Alberto Girón; Aldana, Fernando Hernández ...
Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental,
2023, Letnik:
39
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
El malatión es uno de los plaguicidas más utilizados en México y el mundo. Su uso indiscriminado lo ha situado como el principal plaguicida detectado en productos alimenticios, lo que ocasiona ...problemas de salud como aumento del estrés oxidante, resistencia a la insulina y alteración del metabolismo de lípidos. El consumo de distintas especies de Lactobacillus con capacidad probiótica se ha asociado con diferentes efectos sobre la salud, incluyendo disminución de las alteraciones asociadas al consumo de residuos de plaguicidas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la resistencia de ocho especies de Lactobacillus a diferentes concentraciones de malatión y evaluar cuáles podrían utilizarse para reducir los efectos tóxicos del malatión sobre la salud. Se aislaron e identificaron mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (conocida como PCR, por sus siglas en inglés) ocho especies de Lactobacillus presentes en suplementos alimenticios y se probó su resistencia a diferentes concentraciones del insecticida malatión 1000 mediante la técnica de Kirby-Bauer. Todas las especies de Lactobacillus evaluadas, con excepción de L. salivarius, fueron capaces de crecer en presencia de malatión a dosis bajas (0.1, 1 %), sin embargo, la resistencia a dosis medias (10, 20 %) varía entre especies, mientras que a dosis altas (50, 83.6 %) no hubo crecimiento o el número de colonias fue visiblemente menor respecto al grupo control. Tomando en cuenta los datos anteriores se puede concluir que la resistencia de Lactobacillus spp. a diversas concentraciones de malatión varía de acuerdo con la especie y que siete de las ocho especies evaluadas podrían presentar un potencial efecto benéfico ante el consumo de alimentos contaminados con residuos de este plaguicida.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of multiple nosocomial infections, some of which are associated with high mortality. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains highlights ...their clinical importance and how complicated managing treatment can be. In this study, we investigated antimicrobial resistance, cell adherence, and biofilm production of nosocomial K. pneumoniae strains isolated from surveillance studies in a Mexican tertiary hospital and evaluated the potential association of these phenotypes with endemicity. The great majority of the clones exhibited adhesion to cultured epithelial cells and were strong biofilm producers. A direct relationship between adhesion phenotypes, biofilm production, and endemicity was not always apparent. Biofilm formation and production of ESBL did not appear to be directly associated. Notably, all the endemic strains were multidrug-resistant. This study emphasizes that while endemic strains possess various virulence-associated properties, antimicrobial resistance appears to be a determining factor of their endemicity.
Enterotoxigenic
produces a myriad of adhesive structures collectively named colonization factors (CFs). CS3 is a CF, which is assembled into fine wiry fibrillae encoded by the
gene cluster. In this ...work we evaluated the influence of environmental cues such as temperature, osmolarity, pH, and carbon source on the expression of CS3 genes. The transcription of
major pilin gene was stimulated by growth of the bacteria in colonization factor broth at 37°C; the presence of glycerol enhanced
transcription, while glucose at high concentration, high osmolarity, and the depletion of divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium repressed
expression. In addition, we studied the role of H-NS, CpxRA, and CRP global regulators in CS3 gene expression. H-NS and CpxRA acted as repressors and CRP as an activator of
expression. Under high osmolarity, H-NS, and CpxRA were required for
repression. CS3 was required for both, bacterial adherence to epithelial cells and biofilm formation. Our data strengthens the existence of a multi-factorial regulatory network that controls transcription of CS3 genes in which global regulators, under the influence of environmental signals, control the production of this important intestinal colonization factor.
Show the evolution of guidelines on public health policies focused on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) between 1948 and 2022. Other related government ...actions are also mentioned.
A detailed review was conducted of World Health Assembly and WHO Executive Board archives. A textual analysis was conducted of AMR-related resolutions that guide the design of government policies and actions for WHO Member States. A systematic search was carried out in SCOPUS, PubMed, and grey literature under the category of public health policies on AMR.
AMR has become the greatest threat to public health, putting at risk the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. WHO resolutions are presented as evidence of guidelines to combat AMR. The One Health approach and related strategies, initiatives, plans, and programs are mentioned. A gap was identified in the research and development of new antimicrobials, requiring further analysis.
WHO has made efforts to combat AMR. This has generated comprehensive development of public health policies to be implemented by the governments of Member States as they see fit.
There is currently no vaccine against American trypanosomiasis, caused by the parasite
. This is due to the genomic variation observed in the six DTUs of
. This work aims to propose a consensus ...sequence of the enolase protein from different strains of
and mainly evaluate its immunogenic properties at the bioinformatic level. From specialized databases, 15 sequences of the enolase gene were aligned to obtain a consensus sequence, where this sequence was modeled and then evaluated and validated through different bioinformatic programs to learn their immunogenic potential. Finally, chimeric peptides were designed with the most representative epitopes. The results showed high immunogenic potential with six epitopes for MHC-I, and seven epitopes for MHC-II, all of which were highly representative of the enolase present in strains from the American continent as well as five epitopes for B cells. Regarding the computational modeling, molecular docking with Toll-like receptors showed a high affinity and low constant of dissociation, which could lead to an innate-type immune response that helps to eliminate the parasite. In conclusion, the consensus sequence proposed for enolase is capable of providing an ideal immune response; however, the experimental evaluation of this enolase consensus and their chimeric peptides should be a high priority to develop a vaccine against Chagas disease.
Objective. Show the evolution of guidelines on public health policies focused on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) between 1948 and 2022. Other related ...government actions are also mentioned. Methods. A detailed review was conducted of World Health Assembly and WHO Executive Board archives. A textual analysis was conducted of AMR-related resolutions that guide the design of government policies and actions for WHO Member States. A systematic search was carried out in SCOPUS, PubMed, and grey literature under the category of public health policies on AMR. Results. AMR has become the greatest threat to public health, putting at risk the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. WHO resolutions are presented as evidence of guidelines to combat AMR. The One Health approach and related strategies, initiatives, plans, and programs are mentioned. A gap was identified in the research and development of new antimicrobials, requiring further analysis. Conclusions. WHO has made efforts to combat AMR. This has generated comprehensive development of public health policies to be implemented by the governments of Member States as they see fit. Keywords World Health Organization; resolutions; public health policies; microbial drug resistance; antibiotics. Objetivo. Mostrar la evolucion de los lineamientos sobre politicas publicas en salud enfocadas en farmacorresistencia microbiana o resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) que la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha emitido desde 1948 hasta 2022. Ademas, se mencionan otras acciones gubernamentales relacionadas. Metodos. Se llevo a cabo una revision detallada de los archivos de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud y el Consejo Ejecutivo de la OMS. Se realizo un analisis textual de resoluciones sobre la RAM, que dan pauta al diseno de politicas y acciones gubernamentales para los Estados Miembros de la OMS. Tambien se realizo una busqueda sistematica en SCOPUS, Pubmed y literatura gris con categoria de analisis: politicas publicas en salud sobre la RAM. Resultados. La RAM se ha convertido en la mayor amenaza para la salud publica, y compromete el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. Presentamos resoluciones de la OMS como evidencia de lineamientos para combatir la RAM. En consonancia, se menciona el enfoque "Una salud", estrategias, iniciativas, planes y programas relacionados. Se identifico una brecha en la investigacion y el desarrollo de antimicrobianos nuevos, que requiere un analisis mas profundo. Conclusiones. La OMS ha realizado esfuerzos para combatir la RAM. Esto ha generado un desarrollo integral de politicas publicas en salud, para que los Estados Miembros las apliquen segun la soberania de sus gobiernos. Palabras clave Organizacion Mundial de la Salud; resoluciones; politicas publicas en salud; farmacorresistencia microbiana; antibioticos. Objetivo. Apresentar a evolucao das diretrizes sobre politicas publicas de saude voltadas para a resistencia microbiana a medicamentos ou resistencia aos antimicrobianos (RAM) publicadas pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS) de 1948 a 2022. Alem disso, mencionam-se outras acoes governamentais relacionadas. Metodos. Procedeu-se a uma revisao detalhada dos arquivos da Assembleia Mundial da Saude e do Conselho Executivo da OMS. Realizou-se uma analise textual das resolucoes sobre RAM, que orientam a formulacao de politicas e acoes governamentais para os Estados Membros da OMS. Fez-se tambem uma busca sistematica nas plataformas SCOPUS e Pubmed e na literatura cinzenta, com a categoria de analise "politicas publicas de saude sobre RAM". Resultados. A RAM tornou-se a maior ameaca a saude publica e prejudica o cumprimento dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel. Apresentamos as resolucoes da OMS como evidencia de diretrizes para combater a RAM. Nesses termos, mencionam-se a abordagem "Saude Unica" e estrategias, iniciativas, planos e programas relacionados. Identificou-se uma lacuna na pesquisa e no desenvolvimento de novos antimicrobianos, o que requer uma analise mais aprofundada. Conclusoes. A OMS envidou esforcos para combater a RAM, o que levou ao desenvolvimento integral de politicas publicas de saude a serem aplicadas pelos Estados Membros, em conformidade com a soberania de seus governos. Palavras-chave Organizacao Pan-Americana da Saude; resolucoes; politicas publicas em saude; resistencia microbiana a medicamentos; antibioticos.
Objective. Show the evolution of guidelines on public health policies focused on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) between 1948 and 2022. Other related ...government actions are also mentioned. Methods. A detailed review was conducted of World Health Assembly and WHO Executive Board archives. A textual analysis was conducted of AMR-related resolutions that guide the design of government policies and actions for WHO Member States. A systematic search was carried out in SCOPUS, PubMed, and grey literature under the category of public health policies on AMR. Results. AMR has become the greatest threat to public health, putting at risk the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. WHO resolutions are presented as evidence of guidelines to combat AMR. The One Health approach and related strategies, initiatives, plans, and programs are mentioned. A gap was identified in the research and development of new antimicrobials, requiring further analysis. Conclusions. WHO has made efforts to combat AMR. This has generated comprehensive development of public health policies to be implemented by the governments of Member States as they see fit. Keywords World Health Organization; resolutions; public health policies; microbial drug resistance; antibiotics. Objetivo. Mostrar la evolucion de los lineamientos sobre politicas publicas en salud enfocadas en farmacorresistencia microbiana o resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) que la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha emitido desde 1948 hasta 2022. Ademas, se mencionan otras acciones gubernamentales relacionadas. Metodos. Se llevo a cabo una revision detallada de los archivos de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud y el Consejo Ejecutivo de la OMS. Se realizo un analisis textual de resoluciones sobre la RAM, que dan pauta al diseno de politicas y acciones gubernamentales para los Estados Miembros de la OMS. Tambien se realizo una busqueda sistematica en SCOPUS, Pubmed y literatura gris con categoria de analisis: politicas publicas en salud sobre la RAM. Resultados. La RAM se ha convertido en la mayor amenaza para la salud publica, y compromete el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. Presentamos resoluciones de la OMS como evidencia de lineamientos para combatir la RAM. En consonancia, se menciona el enfoque "Una salud", estrategias, iniciativas, planes y programas relacionados. Se identifico una brecha en la investigacion y el desarrollo de antimicrobianos nuevos, que requiere un analisis mas profundo. Conclusiones. La OMS ha realizado esfuerzos para combatir la RAM. Esto ha generado un desarrollo integral de politicas publicas en salud, para que los Estados Miembros las apliquen segun la soberania de sus gobiernos. Palabras clave Organizacion Mundial de la Salud; resoluciones; politicas publicas en salud; farmacorresistencia microbiana; antibioticos. Objetivo. Apresentar a evolucao das diretrizes sobre politicas publicas de saude voltadas para a resistencia microbiana a medicamentos ou resistencia aos antimicrobianos (RAM) publicadas pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS) de 1948 a 2022. Alem disso, mencionam-se outras acoes governamentais relacionadas. Metodos. Procedeu-se a uma revisao detalhada dos arquivos da Assembleia Mundial da Saude e do Conselho Executivo da OMS. Realizou-se uma analise textual das resolucoes sobre RAM, que orientam a formulacao de politicas e acoes governamentais para os Estados Membros da OMS. Fez-se tambem uma busca sistematica nas plataformas SCOPUS e Pubmed e na literatura cinzenta, com a categoria de analise "politicas publicas de saude sobre RAM". Resultados. A RAM tornou-se a maior ameaca a saude publica e prejudica o cumprimento dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel. Apresentamos as resolucoes da OMS como evidencia de diretrizes para combater a RAM. Nesses termos, mencionam-se a abordagem "Saude Unica" e estrategias, iniciativas, planos e programas relacionados. Identificou-se uma lacuna na pesquisa e no desenvolvimento de novos antimicrobianos, o que requer uma analise mais aprofundada. Conclusoes. A OMS envidou esforcos para combater a RAM, o que levou ao desenvolvimento integral de politicas publicas de saude a serem aplicadas pelos Estados Membros, em conformidade com a soberania de seus governos. Palavras-chave Organizacao Pan-Americana da Saude; resolucoes; politicas publicas em saude; resistencia microbiana a medicamentos; antibioticos.
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