Alexithymia is a neuropsychiatric symptom conceptualized as difficulty identifying and describing feelings. Although associated with other non-motor symptoms, mainly neuropsychiatric, alexithymia may ...present as an isolated symptom in persons with Parkinson's Disease (PwP). The objective of the study is to identify determinants of alexithymia and its association with quality of life (QoL) in Parkinson's disease.
Subjects with Parkinson's disease were recruited. The following instruments were applied: Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-8). Matched healthy controls were screened using TAS-20. Clinical and demographical variables were compared between alexithymic and non-alexithymic. Regression models were used to find determinants of alexithymia. Impact of alexithymia on QoL was estimated with a linear regression model.
98 patients were included. 56.1% PwP and 28.8% controls were alexithymic (p<0.001). Education level (OR 0.86) and NMSS urinary score (OR 1.09) determined alexithymia as well as TAS-20 score. Alexithymia was an independent determinant of QoL.
Alexithymia is a prevalent independent non-motor symptom in PwP with impact on QoL. Low education level and urinary symptoms are important determinants of alexithymia.
La alexitimia es un rasgo neuropsiquiátrico conceptualizado como la dificultad para identificar y describir sentimientos. Aunque está asociado con otros síntomas no motores, principalmente neuropsiquiátricos, sigue siendo una característica independiente de las personas con enfermedad de Parkinson (PcP). El objetivo del estudio es identificar los determinantes de la alexitimia y su asociación con la calidad de vida en la enfermedad de Parkinson.
Se reclutaron sujetos con enfermedad de Parkinson. Se aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos: escala unificada de la enfermedad de Parkinson de la Sociedad de Trastornos del Movimiento (MDS-UPDRS), escala de síntomas no motores (NMSS), evaluación cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA), escala de alexitimia de Toronto (TAS-20) y cuestionario de la enfermedad de Parkinson (PDQ-8). Se incluyeron controles sanos pareados, los cuales se evaluaron usando la TAS-20. Las variables clínicas y demográficas se compararon entre pacientes alexitímicos y no alexitímicos. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión para estimar los predictores de alexitimia. El impacto de este rasgo neuropsiquiátrico en la calidad de vida se estimó con un modelo de regresión lineal.
Se incluyeron 98 pacientes. El 56,1% de PcP y el 28,8% de los controles fueron alexitímicos (p < 0,001). El nivel educativo (OR 0,86) y la puntuación urinaria del NMSS (OR 1,09) determinaron la alexitimia, así como la puntuación del TAS-20. La alexitimia fue un determinante independiente de calidad de vida.
La alexitimia es un síntoma independiente no motor prevalente con impacto en la calidad de vida. El bajo nivel educativo y los síntomas urinarios son determinantes importantes de esta condición.
Alexithymia is a neuropsychiatric symptom conceptualized as difficulty identifying and describing feelings. Although associated with other non-motor symptoms, mainly neuropsychiatric, alexithymia may ...present as an isolated symptom in persons with Parkinson's Disease (PwP). The objective of the study is to identify determinants of alexithymia and its association with quality of life (QoL) in Parkinson's disease.
Subjects with Parkinson's disease were recruited. The following instruments were applied: Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-8). Matched healthy controls were screened using TAS-20. Clinical and demographical variables were compared between alexithymic and non-alexithymic. Regression models were used to find determinants of alexithymia. Impact of alexithymia on QoL was estimated with a linear regression model.
98 patients were included. 56.1% PwP and 28.8% controls were alexithymic (p<0.001). Education level (OR 0.86) and NMSS urinary score (OR 1.09) determined alexithymia as well as TAS-20 score. Alexithymia was an independent determinant of QoL.
Alexithymia is a prevalent independent non-motor symptom in PwP with impact on QoL. Low education level and urinary symptoms are important determinants of alexithymia.
La alexitimia es un rasgo neuropsiquiátrico conceptualizado como la dificultad para identificar y describir sentimientos. Aunque está asociado con otros síntomas no motores, principalmente neuropsiquiátricos, sigue siendo una característica independiente de las personas con enfermedad de Parkinson (PcP). El objetivo del estudio es identificar los determinantes de la alexitimia y su asociación con la calidad de vida en la enfermedad de Parkinson.
Se reclutaron sujetos con enfermedad de Parkinson. Se aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos: escala unificada de la enfermedad de Parkinson de la Sociedad de Trastornos del Movimiento (MDS-UPDRS), escala de síntomas no motores (NMSS), evaluación cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA), escala de alexitimia de Toronto (TAS-20) y cuestionario de la enfermedad de Parkinson (PDQ-8). Se incluyeron controles sanos pareados, los cuales se evaluaron usando la TAS-20. Las variables clínicas y demográficas se compararon entre pacientes alexitímicos y no alexitímicos. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión para estimar los predictores de alexitimia. El impacto de este rasgo neuropsiquiátrico en la calidad de vida se estimó con un modelo de regresión lineal.
Se incluyeron 98 pacientes. El 56,1% de PcP y el 28,8% de los controles fueron alexitímicos (p < 0,001). El nivel educativo (OR 0,86) y la puntuación urinaria del NMSS (OR 1,09) determinaron la alexitimia, así como la puntuación del TAS-20. La alexitimia fue un determinante independiente de calidad de vida.
La alexitimia es un síntoma independiente no motor prevalente con impacto en la calidad de vida. El bajo nivel educativo y los síntomas urinarios son determinantes importantes de esta condición.
The surface tension of monolayers with mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactant at the liquid/vapour interface is studied. Previous works have observed that calculations of the surface tension of ...simple fluids show artificial oscillations for small interfacial areas, indicating that the surface tension data fluctuate due to the finite size effects and periodic boundary conditions. In the case of simulations of monolayers composed of surfactant mixtures, the surface tension not only oscillates for small areas but can also give non-physical data, such as negative values. Analysis of the monolayers with different surfactant mixtures, ionic (DTAB, CTAB, SDS) and nonionic (SB3-12), was done for density profiles, parameters of order and pair correlation functions for small and large box areas and all of them present similar behaviour. The fluctuations and the non-physical values of the surface tension are corrected when boxes with large interfacial areas are considered. The results indicate that in order to obtain reliable values of the surface tension, in computer simulations, it is important to choose not only the correct force field but also the appropriate size of the simulation box.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Pantothenate kinase‐associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by iron accumulation in the brain, because of mutations in the PANK2 gene. Phenotypic and ...genotypic characteristics of 11 patients from five Mexican families with PKAN disease are reported. Sequencing of PANK2 confirmed the diagnosis. The 11 patients had dysarthria associated with dystonia and Parkinsonism in six. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the ‘eye‐of‐the‐tiger’ sign in all patients. Three different mutations were identified, a novel one (p.A469P) and two (p.G219V and p.N404I) very rare. Homozygous sibs for the p.G219V mutation had a severe disease progression with early death. Dystonia predominated in the p.A469P/p.N404I compound heterozygous patients. Homozygous for p.N404I showed Parkinsonism, tics and personality and speech disorders. Early and late disease onset and variable expression was present in carriers of the different identified mutations. The ‘eye‐of‐the‐tiger’ is an excellent neuroimaging hallmark to predict PANK2 mutations. We detected a ‘cluster’ of patients harboring the p.N404I mutation, strongly suggesting a founder effect for this mutation. This is the first familial clinical‐genetic PKAN disease study accomplished in Mexico.
Parkinson's disease affects the quality of life of the individual with the disease in addition to creating a burden on the caregiver. Factors related to these effects include motor and non-motor ...aspects of the disease, as well as traits inherent to the caregiver.
We evaluated subjects with Parkinson's disease using the following instruments: Quality of Life Questionnaire PDQ-8, Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale part i to iv (MDS-UPDRS), and Hoehn and Yahr staging. The Zarit Burden Inventory was used to assess all primary caregivers. Major demographic and clinical variables were also recorded.
A total of 250 subjects with Parkinson's disease were included, of whom 201 had a primary caregiver. In the multivariate analysis, predictors of poor quality of life for a subject with Parkinson's disease were the MDS-UPDRS I score (β=.39, P<.001), MDS-UPDRS II score (β=.21, P<.001), and MDS-UPDRS III score (β=.07, P=.004). Regarding caregiver burden, the MDS-UPDRS II score (β=.54, P=.007) was the most influential factor.
The present study shows a relationship between quality of life for the subject with Parkinson's disease and the caregiver's perceived burden. However, the factors that determine each situation appear to be distinct.
Resumen Introducción La enfermedad de Parkinson impacta en la calidad de vida del sujeto que la presenta, pero también ocasiona una carga para el cuidador. Los factores relacionados con estos efectos ...incluyen aspectos motores y no motores de la enfermedad, así como características inherentes al cuidador. Métodos Se evaluó a sujetos con enfermedad de Parkinson mediante los siguientes instrumentos: cuestionario de calidad de vida PDQ-8, escala unificada de la enfermedad de Parkinson de la Sociedad de Trastornos del Movimiento parte i a iv (MDS-UPDRS) y estadio de Hoehn y Yahr (HY). A los cuidadores primarios, se les aplicó el inventario de carga del cuidador de Zarit. Adicionalmente, se registraron las principales variables demográficas y clínicas. Resultados Se incluyó a 250 sujetos con enfermedad de Parkinson, de los cuales 201 contaban con un cuidador primario. En el análisis multivariado los factores predictores de una peor calidad de vida del sujeto con enfermedad de Parkinson fueron la puntuación de la MDS-UPDRS I (β = 0,39, p < 0,001), puntuación de la MDS-UPDRS II (β = 0,21, p < 0,001) y puntuación de la MDS-UPDRS III (β = 0,07, p = 0,004). En lo que respecta a la carga en el cuidador, la puntuación de la MDS-UPDRS II (β = 0,54, p = 0,007) fue el que más influyó. Conclusiones El presente estudio muestra una relación entre la calidad de vida del sujeto con enfermedad de Parkinson y la percepción de carga del cuidador. No obstante, los factores que determinan cada una de estas parecen ser distintos.
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