Despite advances in malleolar fractures treatment, the overall risk to develop posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis after 20 years is almost 40%, especially bimalleolar Weber type B and C fractures and ...fractures involving the posterior tibial rim.
We performed a systematic literature review of clinical studies targeting the changes in cartilage, synovial cells and synovial fluid after malleolar fractures.
The acute ankle injury initiates a sequence of biological events potentially leading to progressive articular surface damage resulting from inflammatory changes in cartilage, synovial tissue and synovial fluid.
A better understanding of the molecular and histological changes induced by acute trauma may potentially lead to novel, targeted treatment of malleolar fractures besides anatomical reduction and adequate stabilization.
Trotz der Fortschritte bei der Behandlung von Malleolarfrakturen beträgt das Risiko für posttraumatische Osteoarthrosen nach 20 Jahren fast 40%, vor allem bimaleoläre Weber Typ B und C Frakturen und Frakturen der Tibiahinterkante.
Wir führten eine systematische Literaturrecherche klinischer Studien durch, die auf Knorpel-und Synovialveränderungen nach Malleolarfrakturen abzielten.
Die akute Knöchelverletzung löst eine Sequenz von biologischen Ereignissen aus, die möglicherweise zu einer progredienten Schädigung der Gelenkoberfläche führt, die durch entzündliche Veränderungen in Knorpel, Synovialgewebe und Synovialflüssigkeit verursacht wird.
Ein besseres Verständnis der durch akute Traumata hervorgerufenen molekularen und histologischen Veränderungen könnte neben einer anatomischen Reposition und adäquater Stabilisierung möglicherweise zu einer neuen, gezielten Behandlung von Malleolarfrakturen führen.
Glutaric acidemia type I (GA I) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency leading to predominant accumulation of glutaric acid (GA), and to a lesser ...extent of 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3HG) in body fluids and tissues. The clinical manifestations of GA I are predominantly neurological. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the brain damage of this disease are virtually unknown, they are thought to be due to the neurotoxic actions of GA and 3HG. Therefore, in the present work we investigated whether chronic exposure of GA (5
μmol
g of body weight
−1, twice per day), the major metabolite accumulating in GA I, during early development (from the 5th to the 28th day of life) could alter the cognitive performance of adult rats in the Morris water maze, open field and elevated plus maze tasks. Control rats were treated with saline in the same volumes. GA administration provoked an impairment of spatial performance in the water maze since adult rats pretreated with GA were not able to remember the previous location of the platform spending significantly less time in the training quadrant. In contrast, GA chronic administration did not affect rat performance in the open field and elevated plus maze tasks, indicating that motor activity and anxiety was not changed by GA. The results provide evidence that early chronic GA treatment induces long-lasting spatial behavioral deficit.
Several risk factors and systemic conditions have been proposed in the etiology of posterior tibial tendon (PTT) tendinopathy. However, many patients present PTT dysfunction without any of these ...characteristics. This suggests that there could be a genetic influence associated with posterior tibial tendinopathy.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of the −1612 polymorphism in the promoter gene of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and posterior tibial tendinopathy.
The study group included 68 women who presented with PTT dysfunction grade 2 or 3, and who underwent surgical treatment, with histopathological examination of the tendon and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirming tendinopathy. The control group consisted of 100 asymptomatic women with an intact PTT on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
There was no statistically significant difference between the study and the control groups with respect to the presence of the different MMP-3 alleles and genotypes (Chi-square p value>0.05). The odds ratio analysis showed OR=1.9, p=0.31 for 5A/5A vs. 6A/6A and OR=1.8, p=0.29 for 5A/5A vs. 6A/5A.
The −1612 polymorphism of the promoter gene of MMP-3 is not solely associated with posterior tibial tendinopathy in the studied population.
Level of evidence: 3
Verschiedene Risikofaktoren und systemische Erkrankungen werden mit der Tendinopathie der Tibialis posterior Sehne (PTT) in Verbindung gebracht. Jedoch haben viele Patienten eine PTT-Dysfunktion ohne diese Merkmale. Dies führt zu der Annahme, dass es eine genetische Ursache für die Tendinopathie der Tibialis posterior-Sehne geben könnte.
Das Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung der Assoziation des -1612 Polymorphismus im Promotor-Gen der Martix-Metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) mit der Tibialis posterior Tendinopathie.
Die Studiengruppe bestand aus 68 Frauen mit klinisch manifester PTT-Dysfunktion vom Grad 2 und 3, welche sich einer chirurgischen Korrektur unterzogen. Die Sehnen wurden histopathologisch und mittels Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) untersucht Die Kontrollgruppe bestand aus 100 asymptomatischen Frauen ohne Pathologie der Tibialis posterior-Sehne.
Es fand sich kein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied zwischen der Studien- und der Kontrollgruppe für die verschiedenen MMP-3 Allele und Genotypen (p>0.05, Chi-Quadrat-Test). Die Odds Ratio-Analyse ergab OR=1.9, p=0.31 für 5A / 5A vs. 6A / 6A und OR=1.8, p=0.29 für 5A / 5A vs. 6A / 5A.
Der -1612 Polymorphismus im Promotor des Matrix-Metalloproteinase 3-Genes ist in der untersuchten Studienpopulation nicht alleinig mit der Tibialis posterior-Tendinopathie assoziiert.
Evidenzgrad: 3
Objectives
To evaluate the influence of age on the relationships between biochemical and hematological variables and stability of erythrocyte membrane in relation to the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) ...in population of 105 female volunteers between 20 and 90 years.
Methods
The stability of RBC membrane was determined by non-linear regression of the dependency of the absorbance of hemoglobin released as a function of SDS concentration, represented by the half-transition point of the curve (D
50
) and the variation in the concentration of the detergent to promote lysis (dD).
Results
There was an age-dependent increase in the membrane stability in relation to SDS. Analyses by multiple linear regression showed that this stability increase is significantly related to the hematological variable red cell distribution width (RDW) and the biochemical variables blood albumin and cholesterol.
Discussion
The positive association between erythrocyte stability and RDW may reflect one possible mechanism involved in the clinical meaning of this hematological index.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
