Since pluripotent embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines were first derived from the mouse, tremendous efforts have been made to establish ESC lines in several domestic species including the pig; however, ...authentic porcine ESCs have not yet been established. It has proven difficult to maintain an ESC-like state in pluripotent porcine cell lines due to the frequent occurrence of spontaneous differentiation into an epiblast stem cell (EpiSC)-like state during culture. We have been able to derive EpiSC-like porcine ESC (pESC) lines from blastocyst stage porcine embryos of various origins, including in vitro fertilized (IVF), in vivo derived, IVF aggregated, and parthenogenetic embryos. In addition, we have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) via plasmid transfection of reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) into porcine fibroblast cells. In this study, we analyzed characteristics such as marker expression, pluripotency and the X chromosome inactivation status in female of our EpiSC-like pESC lines along with our piPSC line. Our results show that these cell lines demonstrate the expression of genes associated with the Activin/Nodal and FGF2 pathways along with the expression of pluripotent markers Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, SSEA4, TRA 1-60 and TRA 1-81. Furthermore all of these cell lines showed in vitro differentiation potential, the X chromosome inactivation in female and a normal karyotype. Here we suggest that the porcine species undergoes reprogramming into a primed state during the establishment of pluripotent stem cell lines.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Patients with severe stroke due to acute large cerebral artery occlusion are likely to be severely disabled or dead without timely reperfusion. Previously, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator ...(IV-TPA) within 4.5 hours after stroke onset was the only proven therapy, but IV-TPA alone does not sufficiently improve the outcome of patients with acute large artery occlusion. With the introduction of the advanced endovascular therapy, which enables more fast and more successful recanalization, recent randomized trials consecutively and consistently demonstrated the benefit of endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) when added to IV-TPA. Accordingly, to update the recommendations, we assembled members of the writing committee appointed by the Korean Stroke Society, the Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology, and the Society of Korean Endovascular Neurosurgeons. Reviewing the evidences that have been accumulated, the writing members revised recommendations, for which formal consensus was achieved by convening a panel composed of 34 experts from the participating academic societies. The current guideline provides the evidence-based recommendations for ERT in patients with acute large cerebral artery occlusion regarding patient selection, treatment modalities, neuroimaging evaluation, and system organization.
Objective To investigate the effect of antifreeze protein (AFP) supplementation during mouse oocyte vitrification on the survival, fertilization and embryonic development. Design Animal study. ...Setting University laboratory. Animal(s) BDF-1 mice. Intervention(s) In vivo–matured metaphase II oocytes were vitrified with the use of CryoTop by two-step exposure to equilibrium and vitrification solution supplemented or not with 500 ng/mL AFP III. Main Outcome Measure(s) Postwarming survival, fertilization, embryonic development up to blastocyst in vitro, morphology of spindle and chromosome, membrane integrity, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents, and several gene expressions. Result(s) In the AFP-treated group, blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher and blastomere count with positive caspase was significantly lower compared with the nontreated group. Rate of intact spindle/chromosome, stable membrane, and ATP contents were significantly higher in AFP group. AFP group showed higher Mad2 and lower Eg5 gene expression. Both vitrification groups showed increased Hsf1 , Zar1, and Zp1 / Zp2 expression and decreased Hook1 and Zp3 expression compared with fresh control samples. Conclusion(s) Supplementation of AFP in vitrification medium has a protective effect on mouse oocytes for chilling injury; it can preserve spindle/membrane integrity and intracellular ATP contents. More stable spindle integrity in the AFP group may be associated with higher Mad2 and lower Eg5 gene expression.
Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of genetic variants and haplotypes in the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) on the risk of warfarin-induced bleeding complications at therapeutic ...international normalized ratios (INRs). Methods: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of AGT, two SNPs of REN, three SNPs of ACE, four SNPs of AGTR1, and one SNP of AGTR2, in addition to VKORC1 and CYP2C9 variants, were investigated. We utilized logistic regression and several machine learning methods for bleeding prediction. Results: The study included 142 patients, among whom 21 experienced bleeding complications. We identified a haplotype, H2 (TCG), carrying three SNPs of ACE (rs1800764, rs4341, and rs4353), which showed a significant relation with bleeding complications. After adjusting covariates, patients with H2/H2 experienced a 0.12-fold (95% CI 0.02–0.99) higher risk of bleeding complications than the others. In addition, G allele carriers of AGT rs5050 and A allele carriers of AGTR1 rs2640543 had 5.0- (95% CI 1.8–14.1) and 3.2-fold (95% CI 1.1–8.9) increased risk of bleeding complications compared with the TT genotype and GG genotype carriers, respectively. The AUROC values (mean, 95% CI) across 10 random iterations using five-fold cross-validated multivariate logistic regression, elastic net, random forest, support vector machine (SVM)–linear kernel, and SVM–radial kernel models were 0.732 (0.694–0.771), 0.741 (0.612–0.870), 0.723 (0.589–0.857), 0.673 (0.517–0.828), and 0.680 (0.528–0.832), respectively. The highest quartile group (≥75th percentile) of weighted risk score had approximately 12.0 times (95% CI 3.1–46.7) increased risk of bleeding, compared to the 25–75th percentile group, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that RAS-related polymorphisms, including the H2 haplotype of the ACE gene, could affect bleeding complications during warfarin treatment for patients with mechanical heart valves. Our results could be used to develop individually tailored intervention strategies to prevent warfarin-induced bleeding.
Patients with chronic heart failure have alteration in body composition as a reduction in fat mass, lean body mass and bone mass. However, body wasting in valvular heart disease and the impact of ...corrective valvular surgery on body composition has not been investigated.
We hypothesized that body wasting in severe mitral valve (MV) diseases is reversible through MV surgery.
Forty eight patients who were scheduled to undergo MV surgery were consecutively enrolled after excluding patients with combined valvular heart disease, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and diseases or who were taking medications that could affect metabolism. All patients were subjected to simplified nutritional assessment questionnaire (SNAQ) for appetite, laboratory tests, echocardiography, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before and one year after MV surgery.
One year after MV surgery, the patients showed increased appetite and improved laboratory data as well as hemodynamic improvement.When we classified the patients according to the primary MV lesion, no changes in body weight were observed in both patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) and mitral stenosis (MS). However, significant increase in bone mineral density and body fat percentage were observed in patients with MR and not in patients with MS. In patients with MR, patients with Δfat ≥ 2% showed significantly higher pre-operative estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (eRVSP) level and greater decrease in eRVSP after surgery than those with Δfat < 2% and both ΔSNAQ and Δfat showed significant negative relationship with ΔeRVSP, respectively.
In patients with severe MV disease, corrective MV surgery led to favorable outcomes in wasting process as well as hemodynamic improvement. Particularly, right ventricular pressure overload showed a close association with the changes in appetite and body fat percentage in patients with MR.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To expand the use of whole crop rice (WCR), accurate information on the nutritional value of newly developed varieties is required. We cultivated three new WCR varieties (Oryza sativa cv. Suweon 605, ...Yeongwoo and Mogwoo) developed by the National Institute of Crop Science in the southern Korean Peninsula and evaluated their feed value (crude protein, CP; acid detergent fiber, ADF; neutral detergent fiber, NDF; in vitro dry matter digestibility, IVDMD; total digestible nutrients, TDN; and relative feed value, RFV) and functional materials (β‐carotene and α‐tocopherol). Oryza sativa cv. Suweon 605 showed the earliest heading date and Yeongwoo the highest dry matter (DM) yield; however, there were no significant differences among varieties (p > 0.05) in DM yield. The CP content was highest in Mogwoo, and higher in leaves and grains than in stems. Oryza sativa cv. Suweon 605 had the lowest ADF and NDF contents but the highest TDN and RFV. The grain nutrient value changed drastically in all varieties by 10 days after heading. The grain ratio was highest in Oryza sativa cv. Suweon 605 at 65.6% and lowest in Mogwoo at 12.3%. The leaf β‐carotene content was 7–15 times higher than that in stems and grains, and this increase was higher in Yeongwoo (66.25 mg/kg) than those of all other measured objectives in this experiment (p < 0.05). Similar trends were observed in α‐tocopherol content. Based on these results, Oryza sativa cv. Suweon 605 is recommended in terms of feed value and Yeongwoo is recommended for its high productivity. Because the feed value changed rapidly by 10 days after heading, it is desirable to ensure a later harvest time. The effects of functional materials on livestock performance require further study.
The aim of the Part I of Stroke Statistics in Korea is to summarize nationally representative data of the epidemiology and risk factors of stroke in a single document. Every year, approximately ...105,000 people experience a new or recurrent stroke and more than 26,000 die of stroke, which indicates that every 5 minutes stroke attacks someone and every 20 minutes stroke kills someone in Korea. Stroke accounts for roughly 1 of every 10 deaths. The estimated stroke prevalence is about 795,000 in people aged ≥30 years. The nationwide total cost for stroke care was 3,737 billion Korean won (US$3.3 billion) in 2005. Fortunately, the annual stroke mortality rate decreased substantially by 28.3% during the first decade of the 21th century (53.2/100,000 in 2010). Among OECD countries, Korea had the lowest in-hospital 30-day case-fatality rate for ischemic stroke and ranked third lowest for hemorrhagic stroke in 2009. The proportion of ischemic stroke has steadily increased and accounted for 76% of all strokes in 2009. According to hospital registry studies, the 90-day mortality rate was 3-7% for ischemic stroke and 17% for intracerebral hemorrhage. For risk factors, among Korean adults ≥30 years of age, one in 3-4 has hypertension, one in 10 diabetes, and one in 7 hypercholesterolemia. One in 3 Korean adults ≥19 years of age is obese. Over the last 10 years, the prevalence of hypertension slightly decreased, but the prevalence of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity increased. Smoking prevalence in men has decreased, but is still as high as 48%. This report could be a valuable resource for establishing health care policy and guiding future research directions.
Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring are necessary for an efficient management of cervical cancers (CC). Liquid biopsy, such as detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from blood, is a simple, ...non-invasive method for testing and monitoring cancer markers. However, tumor-specific alterations in ctDNA have not been extensively investigated or compared to other circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and monitoring of the CC. Therfore, Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis with blood samples can be a new approach for highly accurate diagnosis and monitoring of the CC.
Using a bioinformatics approach, we designed a panel of 24 genes associated with CC to detect and characterize patterns of somatic single-nucleotide variations, indels, and copy number variations. Our NGS CC panel covers most of the genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as well as additional cancer driver and tumor suppressor genes. We profiled the variants in ctDNA from 24 CC patients who were being treated with systemic chemotherapy and local radiotherapy at the Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Korea.
Eighteen out of 24 genes in our NGS CC panel had mutations across the 24 CC patients, including somatic alterations of mutated genes (ZFHX3-83%, KMT2C-79%, KMT2D-79%, NSD1-67%, ATM-38% and RNF213-27%). We demonstrated that the RNF213 mutation could be used potentially used as a monitoring marker for response to chemo- and radiotherapy.
We developed our NGS CC panel and demostrated that our NGS panel can be useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of the CC, since the panel detected the common somatic variations in CC patients and we observed how these genetic variations change according to the treatment pattern of the patient.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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