Golgi apparatus (GA) and centrosome reposition toward cell leading end during directional cell migration in a coupling way, thereby determining cell polarity by transporting essential factors to the ...proximal plasma membrane. The study provides mechanistic insights into how GA repositioning (GR) is regulated, and how GR and centrosome repositioning (CR) are coupled. Our previous published works reveals that PRMT5 methylates HURP at R122 and the HURP m122 inhibits GR and cell migration by stabilizing GA‐associated acetyl‐tubulin and then rigidifying GA. The current study further shows that the demethylase JMJD6‐guided demethylation of HURP at R122 promotes GR and cell migration. The HURP methylation mimicking mutant 122 F blocks JMJD6‐induced GR and cell migration, suggesting JMJD6 relays GR stimulating signal to HURP. Mechanistic studies reveal that the HURP methylation deficiency mutant 122 K promotes GR through NF‐κB‐induced CR and subsequently CR‐dependent Cdc42 upregulation, where Cdc42 couples CR to GR. Taken together, HURP methylation statuses provide a unique opportunity to understand how GR is regulated, and the GA intrinsic mechanism controlling Golgi rigidity and the GA extrinsic mechanism involving NF‐κB‐CR‐Cdc42 cascade collectively dictate GR.
While voluminous studies have attributed the continuing decline of institutional trust to political corruption, the link between corruption and institutional trust in Asia has yet to be explored ...systematically. Testing the effect of corruption on institutional trust is theoretically important and empirically challenging, since many suggest that contextual factors in Asia, such as political culture and electoral politics, might neutralize the negative impact of corruption. Utilizing data from the East Asia Barometer, we find a strong trust-eroding effect of political corruption in Asian democracies. We also find no evidence that contextual factors lessen the corruption-trust link in Asia. The trust-eroding effect holds uniformly across all countries examined in this study and remains robust even after taking into account the endogenous relationship between corruption and trust.
To investigate antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) prescription and pregnancy outcomes in pregnancies with epilepsy in Taiwan between 2004 and 2015. We retrospectively reviewed data from the Taiwanese ...Registry of Epilepsy and Pregnancy (TREP). The TREP registry is a voluntary prospective cohort registry, which tracks pregnant women with epilepsy and AED prescription throughout pregnancy, delivery, and early childhood development. All TREP pregnancies (n = 318) that had completed questionnaires up until delivery or had had an unsuccessful pregnancy were analyzed. Over 94.7% of women had been prescribed AEDs during pregnancy, with 69.0% and 25.7% having received monotherapy, or polytherapy, respectively. Among live births, 12 (3.9%) reported malformation. Cesarean section rate was reported higher than usual (54.5%). In 2004, 73.3% of AEDs prescribed were 1st generation, with 1st generation prescription rates falling to only 8.3% of total prescribed in 2015. AED polytherapy also fell during the study period (40.0% to 20.0%). Cesarean sections were found to be higher for women over 35 years, who had generalized epilepsy, or had experienced an obstetric complication during pregnancy term. Binary logistic regression revealed that Cesarean section was associated with maternal complications (OR = 5.11, CI 95% = 1.11-23.51, p = 0.036), while malformations were associated with obstetric complication (OR = 20.46, CI 95% = 4.80-87.21, p<0.001). Both AED risk types were not associated with complications or malformations. Our sample provides a unique insight into the women with epilepsy with AED use during pregnancy. Cesarean section rate was observed to be higher than usual, but malformation rates remained low. Results indicate a decrease in both 1st generation AEDs and proportion of patients receiving polytherapy over the study period. Obstetric complications were associated with Cesarean section. Fetal malformations were significantly associated with obstetric complications. AED risk factors were not significantly associated with either complications or malformations.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Many studies point to the importance of parents in shaping the ethnic and/or political identity of their offspring. However, there is a lack of consensus on the pattern of influence of fathers and ...mothers in the process of political socialization. While studies in the United States and Japan show the mother to be more influential than the father in transferring political identity to children, studies in China show that both parents have equal importance. We suggest that these differences are owing to different trajectories of modernization. Using Taiwan as a case study and drawing on the theory of compressed modernity, we demonstrate how compressed modernization generates a different shift in the pattern of parental political socialization. We show that before Taiwan's experience of compressed modernization, both parents influenced children's sense of Taiwanese-ness, while only the father was influential after compressed modernization. We also show the significance of a macro-level perspective for explaining differences in the micro-level socialization perspective.
Globally, nearly 3 billion people rely on solid fuels for cooking and heating, the vast majority residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The resulting household air pollution (HAP) is a ...leading environmental risk factor, accounting for an estimated 1.6 million premature deaths annually. Previous interventions of cleaner stoves have often failed to reduce exposure to levels that produce meaningful health improvements. There have been no multicountry field trials with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves, likely the cleanest scalable intervention.
This paper describes the design and methods of an ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) of LPG stove and fuel distribution in 3,200 households in 4 LMICs (India, Guatemala, Peru, and Rwanda).
We are enrolling 800 pregnant women at each of the 4 international research centers from households using biomass fuels. We are randomly assigning households to receive LPG stoves, an 18-month supply of free LPG, and behavioral reinforcements to the control arm. The mother is being followed along with her child until the child is 1 year old. Older adult women (40 to
of age) living in the same households are also enrolled and followed during the same period. Primary health outcomes are low birth weight, severe pneumonia incidence, stunting in the child, and high blood pressure (BP) in the older adult woman. Secondary health outcomes are also being assessed. We are assessing stove and fuel use, conducting repeated personal and kitchen exposure assessments of fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter
(
), carbon monoxide (CO), and black carbon (BC), and collecting dried blood spots (DBS) and urinary samples for biomarker analysis. Enrollment and data collection began in May 2018 and will continue through August 2021. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02944682).
This study will provide evidence to inform national and global policies on scaling up LPG stove use among vulnerable populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6407.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Increased global competition for highly educated talent has motivated research into the significant factors involved in retaining such individuals in many different sectors of the economy. Our study ...explores how industry characteristics and the representation of the industry in the overall economy are related to the settlement intentions of highly educated migrants. We also suggest that the relationship is influenced by the experience of workplace exclusion. The study is based on recent data collected from 2018 to 2020 of migrants from mainland China in Hong Kong and Macau, both of which have a strong emphasis on tourism. Our study shows that individuals who work in the tourism industry have weaker settlement intention than those working in non-tourism industries. We also found that the perception of workplace exclusion has a mediating effect. However, we found different patterns in Hong Kong and Macau, which may reflect the different representation of tourism in the overall economies of those cities.
•The study explores the characteristics and representation of the tourism industry in the overall economy.•The study demonstrates how the factors of tourism industry affect the settlement intention of highly educated migrants (HEM).•The study is based on recent data collected from 2018 to 2020 of migrants from mainland China in Hong Kong and Macau•It finds HEMs working in the tourism industry have weaker settlement intention than those working in non-tourism industries.•We also found that the perception of workplace exclusion has a mediating effect.•However, we found different patterns in Hong Kong and Macau.•The difference may reflect the different representation of tourism in the overall economies of those cities.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogeneous systemic inflammatory skin disease associated with dysregulated immune responses, barrier dysfunction and activated sensory nerves. To characterize ...circulating inflammatory profiles and underlying systemic disease heterogeneity within AD patients, blood samples from adult patients (N = 123) with moderate‐to‐severe AD in a phase 2 study of baricitinib (JAHG) were analysed. Baseline levels of 131 markers were evaluated using high‐throughput and ultrasensitive proteomic platforms, patient clusters were generated based on these peripheral markers. We implemented a novel cluster reproducibility method to validate cluster outcomes within our study and used publicly available AD biomarker data set (73 markers, N = 58 patients) to validate our findings. Cluster reproducibility analysis demonstrated best consistency for 2 clusters by k‐means, reproducibility of this clustering outcome was validated in an independent patient cohort. These unique JAHG patient subgroups either possessed elevated pro‐inflammatory mediators, notably TNFβ, MCP‐3 and IL‐13, among a variety of immune responses (high inflammatory) or lower levels of inflammatory biomarkers (low inflammatory). The high inflammatory subgroup was associated with greater baseline disease severity, demonstrated by greater EASI, SCORAD Index, Itch NRS and DLQI scores, compared with low inflammatory subgroup. African‐American patients were predominantly associated with the high inflammatory subgroup and increased baseline disease severity. In patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD, heterogeneity was identified by the detection of 2 disease subgroups, differential clustering amongst ethnic groups and elevated pro‐inflammatory mediators extending beyond traditional polarized immune responses. Therapeutic strategies targeting multiple pro‐inflammatory cytokines may be needed to address this heterogeneity.
Napabucasin is an NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)-bioactivatable small molecule hypothesized to affect multiple oncogenic pathways. In a prespecified, retrospective analysis of the ...napabucasin phase III CO.23 study, overall survival was longer for napabucasin versus placebo in patients expressing phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) in tumor cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that a connection may exist between NQO1 expression in cancer cells and pSTAT3 in tumor cells and the TME. In 3D spheroid cocultures of cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, the antitumor activity of napabucasin was NQO1 dependent. The levels of cytokines such as IL6, CXCL10, and GM-CSF were higher in NQO1-positive versus NQO1-deleted cocultures. These differentially secreted cytokines promoted STAT3 phosphorylation in tumor cells and the TME. NQO1-expressing, napabucasin-sensitive tumor cells can modify tumor cells and the TME to promote STAT3 phosphorylation, suggesting that pSTAT3 may be used to identify a subpopulation of patients who would likely respond to napabucasin. IMPLICATIONS: pSTAT3 is a potential biomarker for patient response to the anticancer drug napabucasin.
http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/17/7/1429/F1.large.jpg.
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