•We proposed an effective strategy of double carbon coating by one-pot synthesis for enhancing structural stability of SnS anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.•The hierarchical carbon network ...enhances electronic conductivity of the SnS/carbon hybrid materials, leading to enhanced rate performance.•The in-situ pyrolytic carbon coating alleviates the dissolution of intermediates and buffer the volume change of the SnS material, while the graphene wrapping further improves the structural stability.
Two-dimensional (2D) layered metal sulfides have shown great potentials for sodium-ion anode materials owing to fast interlayer diffusion. As one of 2D layered metal sulfides, SnS has been widely studied because of its high theoretical specific capacity (1022 mAh/g vs 372 mAh/g for hard carbon) and large interlayer spacing (4.33 Å vs about 3.4 Å for hard carbon). However, SnS still face several problems, such as low electronic conductivity, large volume change, dissolution of intermediate products, and poor structural stability. To solve these problems, herein, tin sulfide (SnS)/carbon hybrid materials were prepared through simple solvothermal and subsequent sintering processes. By a one-pot synthesis, SnS nanospheres were in-situ coated with pyrolytic carbon and wrapped by conductive reduced graphene oxide sheets (SnS@C@rGO). This hierarchical carbon network enhances electronic conductivity of the SnS@C@rGO hybrid, leading to enhanced rate performance. Moreover, the in situ pyrolytic carbon coating can alleviate the dissolution of intermediates and buffer the volume change of the SnS material, while the graphene wrapping can further improve the structural stability, leading to enhanced cycling performance. When used as anode material, the double-coated SnS@C@rGO anode delivered the highest retention capacity of 383.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 1 A/g, when compared with SnS@C (114.4 mAh/g) and SnS@rGO (230.7 mAh/g). Even at a high current density of 5 A/g, the SnS@C@rGO anode still delivered a high retention capacity of 312.2 mAh/g after 500 cycles, when compared with SnS@C (119.3 mAh/g) and SnS@rGO (140.1 mAh/g). This work demonstrates an effective strategy of double carbon coating for enhancing structural stability and battery performance of SnS anode materials, which can also be used to modify other anode materials for sodium- and lithium-ion batteries.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important source of edible vegetable oil and feed protein; however, seed pigments affect the quality of rapeseed oil and the feed value of the residue from oil ...pressing. Here, we used a population of rapeseed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the black-seeded male parent cultivar Zhongyou 821 and the yellow-seeded female parent line GH06 to map candidate genes controlling seed pigments in embryos and the seed coat. We detected 94 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seed pigments (44 for embryos and 50 for seed coat), distributed over 15 of the 19 rapeseed chromosomes. These included 28 QTLs for anthocyanidin content, explaining 2.41–44.66% of phenotypic variation; 24 QTLs for flavonoid content, explaining 2.41–20.26% of phenotypic variation; 16 QTLs for total phenol content, accounting for 2.74–23.68% of phenotypic variation; and 26 QTLs for melanin content, accounting for 2.37–24.82% of phenotypic variation, indicating that these traits are under multigenic control. Consensus regions on chromosomes A06, A09 and C08 were associated with multiple seed pigment traits, including 15, 19 and 10 QTLs, respectively, most of which were major QTLs explaining >10% of the phenotypic variation. Based on the annotation of the B. napus “Darmor-bzh” reference genome, 67 candidate genes were predicted from these consensus QTLs regions, and 12 candidate genes were identified as potentially involved in pigment accumulation by RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis. These preliminary results provide insight into the genetic architecture of pigment biosynthesis and lay a foundation for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying seed coat color in B. napus.
Somatic mutations of U2AF1 gene have recently been identified in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we analyzed the frequency and clinical impact of U2AF1 ...mutations in a cohort of 452 Chinese patients with myeloid neoplasms. Mutations in U2AF1 were found in 2.5% (7/275) of AML and 6.3% (6/96) of MDS patients, but in none of 81 CML. All mutations were heterozygous missense mutations affecting codon S34 or Q157. There was no significant association of U2AF1 mutation with blood parameters, FAB subtypes, karyotypes and other gene mutations in AML. The overall survival (OS) of AML patients with U2AF1 mutation (median 3 months) was shorter than those without mutation (median 7 months) (P = 0.035). No difference in the OS was observed between MDS patients with and without U2AF1 mutations. Our data show that U2AF1 mutation is a recurrent event at a low frequency in AML and MDS.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A new organic imide dye based on tetrahydro5helicene skeleton was synthesized, and its helical structural feature was confirmed by the crystal structure. It was found that the dye exhibited ...remarkable and reversible acid/base stimulated fluorescence switching properties in both solution and solid state, in which the dye was changed from “D–A type” to “A–A type” in the presence of TFA, and returned to its original form upon the addition of TEA. This switchable behavior was also evidenced by the 1H NMR experiments and theoretical calculations.
A tetrahydro5helicene-based imide dye was synthesized, which exhibited remarkable and reversible acid/base stimulated fluorescence switching properties in both solution and solid state. Display omitted
•A new imide dye based on tetrahydro5helicene skeleton was synthesized.•The dye exhibited TFA/TEA stimulated fluorescence switching properties in both solution and solid state.•The switchable behavior was evidenced by the 1H NMR experiments and theoretical calculations.
•CpMADS4 was decreased during fruit ripening.•CpMADS4 could interact with NAC transcription factor CpNAC3.•Both CpMADS4 and CpNAC3 had transcriptional activation activities.•Both CpMADS4 and CpNAC3 ...co-regulate ethylene signal genes CpERF9 and CpEIL5.
MADS box transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in different biological processes, for example, fruit ripening. However, the roles of MADS box TFs in papaya fruit ripening remain a little know. In this study, a novel MADS-box gene was found, named as CpMADS4, and its expression level was decreased during fruit ripening. Protein-protein interaction assays proved that CpMADS4 interacted with CpNAC3. Both CpMADS4 and CpNAC3 had transcriptional activation activities. Moreover, CpMADS4 and CpNAC3 could specifically bind to and activate the promoters of ethylene signal genes CpERF9 and CpEIL5, and the activate activities would be enhanced when both CpMADS4 and CpNAC3 existed at the same time. Our results suggested that CpMADS4 might function in fruit ripening through interacting with CpNAC3 and regulating ethylene signal genes CpERF9 and CpEIL5, which provided new views about the functions of papaya MADS box TFs in regulating fruit ripening.
Honeycomb composite films were prepared by breath figure method via a straightforward, one-step process by doping complex containing Eu or Sn into polystyrene-b-poly (acrylic acid) solution. Several ...key influencing factors, such as the concentration of the block polymer solution, the relative humidity of the environment and the amount of complexes, were investigated to control micropore size and tune film surface properties. The characteristics of the composite films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet and emission spectra. Results indicate that composite films containing Eu have excellent optical performance, and micro-patterned bowl-like SnO
2
microparticles could be fabricated from composite films containing Sn after being calcined at 600 °C for 5 h. This general approach for the fabrication of honeycomb composite films opens a convenient and effective route to the functional modification of honeycomb films and offers new prospects for the application in miniaturized sensors, micro-reactor and catalysis.
To evaluate the qualitative image quality and quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of reduced field-of view (rFOV) and full field-of-view (fFOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) ...sequences at 3.0 T in patients with gastric cancer.Fifty-three patients (37 males, 16 females; mean age, 63.3 ± 10.3 years) with 60 lesions with gastric cancer who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) scans, including both rFOV-DWI and fFOV-DWI, were retrospectively analyzed. Two observers subjectively evaluated image quality for both the fFOV-DWI and rFOV-DWI sequences regarding the anatomic details, distortion, lesion conspicuity, artifacts, and overall image quality. The mean ADC values of gastric cancer were calculated. The Wilcoxon test and paired samples t test were used. Interobserver agreement was assessed using kappa statistics.The mean scores based on the 2 observers demonstrated significant differences in image quality in terms of anatomic details, distortion, lesion conspicuity, artifacts and overall image quality at both b values between rFOV-DWI and fFOV-DWI (P < .05) in the whole gastric area. rFOV-DWI yielded significantly better scores in image quality at b = 800 seconds/mm (P < .05) in patients with esophagogastric junction cancers, but there were no significant differences in the gastric corpus and gastric antrum region. The mean tumor ADC values of rFOV-DWI were significantly lower than those of fFOV-DWI (1.237 ± 0.228 × 10-3 mm/second vs 1.683 ± 0.322 × 10-3 mm/second, P < .001).rFOV-DWI yielded significantly better image quality (anatomic details, distortion, lesion conspicuity, artifacts, overall image quality) and more accurate ADC measurements than fFOV-DWI did.
About two-thirds of epilepsy patients relapse within five years after surgery. It is significant to note that the limitations of current treatments stem from a lack of understanding of molecular ...mechanisms. In this study, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) methods were used to analyze the total RNA data from 20 surgical removal samples (epileptogenic zone and irritative zone, EZ and IZ) of 10 Chinese patients with refractory neocortical epilepsy downloaded from the original microarray dataset (GSE31718) of the National Center for Biological Information -Gene Expression Omnibus database (NCBI-GEO). The late stages of the estrogen response pathway, the IL6-JAK-STAT3-signal pathway and G2 checkpoints are correlated with the EZ, whereas the early stages of the estrogen response pathway and TGF-β signal are more strongly expressed in the IZ. The allogeneic rejection, apical surface and the TGF-β signal are relevant to the high seizure frequency, the unfolded protein response and MYC-target are mostly expressed in patients with low-frequency seizures. Genes with high gene significance(GS) values that were correlated with seizure frequency include OSR2, CABP4, CAPSL, CYP4F8, and FRK in the pink module, and SH3GLB2, CHAC1 and DDX23 in the yellow module. The occurrence of EZ and IZ act on different biological mechanisms. The upregulated genes associated with seizure frequency include OSR2, CABP4, CAPSL, CYP4F8, and FRK, and the downregulated genes include SH3GLB2, CHAC1 and DDX23. The evidence of key genes and differential pathways obtained by WGCNA and GSVA may be biomarkers for novel preventive and pharmacological interventions in clinical practice.
•The study listed different pathways between the epileptogenic zone and irritative zone.•The study listed different pathways between high seizure frequency and low seizure frequency.•The upregulated and downregulated genes associated with seizure frequency were identified.
Gas therapy is emerging as a highly promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, there are limitations, including the lack of targeted subcellular organelle accuracy and ...spatiotemporal release precision, associated with gas therapy. In this study, we developed a series of photoactivatable nitric oxide (NO) donors NRh-R-NO (R = Me, Et, Bn, iPr, and Ph) based on an N-nitrosated upconversion luminescent rhodamine scaffold. Under the irradiation of 808 nm light, only NRh-Ph-NO could effectively release NO and NRh-Ph with a significant turn-on frequency upconversion luminescence (FUCL) signal at 740 nm, ascribed to lower N–N bond dissociation energy. We also investigated the involved multistage near-infrared-controlled cascade release of gas therapy, including the NO released from NRh-Ph-NO along with one NRh-Ph molecule generation, the superoxide anion O2⋅− produced by the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect of NRh-Ph, and highly toxic peroxynitrite anion (ONOO‒) generated from the co-existence of NO and O2⋅−. After mild nano-modification, the nanogenerator (NRh-Ph-NO NPs) empowered with superior biocompatibility could target mitochondria. Under an 808 nm laser irradiation, NRh-Ph-NO NPs could induce NO/ROS to generate RNS, causing a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and initiating apoptosis by caspase-3 activation, which further induced tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD). In vivo therapeutic results of NRh-Ph-NO NPs showed augmented RNS-potentiated gas therapy, demonstrating excellent biocompatibility and effective tumor inhibition guided by real-time FUCL imaging. Collectively, this versatile strategy defines the targeted RNS-mediated cancer therapy.
The peroxynitrite upconversion nanogenerator NRh-Ph-NO nanoparticles empowered with superior mitochondrial targeting could induce reactive nitrogen species-potentiated precision gas therapy guided by frequency upconversion luminescence imaging upon 808 nm laser irradiation. Display omitted
BACKGROUNDGastric cancer is a prevalent malignant cancer with a high incidence and significantly affects the health of modern people globally. Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the most common and effective ...chemotherapies for patients with gastric cancer, but DDP resistance remains a severe clinical challenge. AIMTo explore the function of M2 polarized macrophages-derived exosomal microRNA (miR)-588 in the modulation of DDP resistance of gastric cancer cells. METHODSM2 polarized macrophages were isolated and identified by specific markers using flow cytometry analysis. The exosomes from M2 macrophages were identified by transmission electron microscopy and related markers. The uptake of the PKH67-labelled M2 macrophages-derived exosomes was detected in SGC7901 cells. The function and mechanism of exosomal miR-588 from M2 macrophages in the modulation of DDP resistance of gastric cancer cells was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, apoptosis analysis, colony formation assay, Western blot analysis, qPCR analysis, and luciferase reporter assay in SGC7901 and SGC7901/DDP cells, and by tumorigenicity analysis in nude mice. RESULTSM2 polarized macrophages were isolated from mouse bone marrow stimulated with interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4. Co-cultivation of gastric cancer cells with M2 polarized macrophages promoted DDP resistance. M2 polarized macrophages-derived exosomes could transfer in gastric cancer cells to enhance DDP resistance. Exosomal miR-588 from M2 macrophages contributed to DDP resistance of gastric cancer cells. miR-588 promoted DDP-resistant gastric cancer cell growth in vivo. miR-588 was able to target cylindromatosis (CYLD) in gastric cancer cells. The depletion of CYLD reversed miR-588 inhibition-regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells exposed to DDP. CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, we uncovered that exosomal miR-588 from M2 macrophages contributes to DDP resistance of gastric cancer cells by partly targeting CYLD. miR-588 may be applied as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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