OBJECTIVE: To profile the liver cancer specific long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs) and competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) networks of Hepatitis B virus(HBV)-associated hepatocarcinogensis(HCG) and to ...examine the effect of compound K on the expression of identified ce RNA networks.METHODS: Based on lnc RNA and messenger RNA(m RNA) microarray data of HBV-associated liver cancer, the current study profiles the cancer specific lnc RNAs and ce RNA networks of HBV-associated HCG through comprehensive application of Reg RNA 2, mi RTar Base and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. Compound K-treated liver cancer cells were harvested for analysis of transcriptional levels of both enoyl-Co A hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl Co A dehydrogenase(EHHADH)-AS1 and ENTPD5.RESULTS: The results revealed that 11 Encyclopedia of DNA Elements annotated lnc RNAs were differentially expressed in the process of HBV-associated HCG. Among these lnc RNAs, 95 potential ce RNA networks with highly positively correlated expression profiles between the interacting lnc RNAs and m RNAs(Pearson correlation coefficient ≥ 0.7) were constructed. Of note, two HBV-associated ce RNA networks, EHHADH-AS1-hsa-mi R-4459-ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 and LINC01018-hsa-mi RNA-574-5p-glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit, with Pearson correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9, may play a critical role in hepatocellular carcinoma development, which was supported by experimental evidence. Interestingly, compound K, an intestinal bacterial metabolite of ginseng protopanaxadiol saponin, which has been proven to promote apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, was found to impede the down-regulation of EHHADH-AS1 in several liver cancer cell lines including Hep G3 B, Huh-7 and plc/prf/5 cells.CONCLUSION: Comprehensive application of co-expression network analysis and prediction of RNA interaction may be a feasible strategy to unravel the potential ce RNA networks involved in the process of human diseases.
Spurious reflections from shiny surfaces are one of the main problems in machine vision inspection systems based on triangulation of structured light This paper presents a practical way to solve this ...problem using reference points developed off-line and stored in a Look Up Table (LUT). First, a non-contact real-time 3D machine vision inspection system is described. Its accuracy is +/-2 /spl mu/m using a structured laser light sheet imaged by a machine vision camera. Based on the triangulation method, the system uses a single image and a fixed sheet of light combined with known position of the object being inspected The inspection locations on the object's surfaces are created off-line. To increase the inspection speed and eliminate the influence of spurious reflections from shiny surfaces, inspection of subsequent objects checks only those previously found locations. The system's repeatability depends on improving the laser centroid algorithm and avoiding reflections from shiny surfaces, A new algorithm is presented which calculates the center of the diffusely reflected laser line using a machine vision camera. The system verifies that this algorithm is more robust and accurate than traditional ones, To avoid spurious reflections from shiny surfaces, the object is first scanned off-line, finding as many points as possible where the laser line crosses the object Then the 3-space locations of these points are found using the standard triangulation algorithm. Next the object's surfaces are reconstructed using the scanned 3D points, breaking the object into various simple surface primitives such as planes, cylinders, cones, spheres and splined surfaces. The influence of the spurious reflections from shiny surfaces is eliminated by deleting those points which do not fall on the constructed surfaces. Based on the reconstructed surfaces, the system creates the object's inspection locations which is used later for fast and accurate on-line inspection,.
In this study, a neural network-based Secchi depth retrieval model (NNSD) was developed using observations obtained during 2003-2012 in the Bohai, Yellow, and China East Seas (Eastern China Coastal ...Seas, ECCS). Based on the results of the analyses, the NNSD model produced less than 25% uncertainty in quantifying the Secchi depth in the optically complex ECCS. The slope of the linear relationship between the field-measured and NNSD model-derived Secchi depth varied from 0.98 to 1.08 among the datasets. However, the corresponding determination coefficients were not any lower than 0.91. To determine the effectiveness of the NNSD model in deriving the Secchi depth in the ECCS, the performances of the three existing models were also evaluated, and the results are presented in this study. By comparison, using the NNSD model decreased the uncertainty by 26% when compared with the three existing models in deriving the Secchi depth in the ECCS. Finally, the NNSD model was further applied to the MODIS data over the ECCS to briefly illustrate its applicability to general oceanographic studies. The NNSD model could produce 24.62% MRE and 0.14 RMSE values in deriving the Secchi depth from the ECCS, which was > 26% MRE and > 0.07 RMSE values better than all the BGSD, KDSD and SASD models. In regards to the spatial distribution pattern of the Secchi depth, the eastern and northern sections of the ECCS were much higher than the western and southern areas. Additionally, the temporal distribution mode indicated that the winter season was higher than the summer season. These spatiotemporal characteristics were caused primarily by the regional climate, river discharges, and strong tidal currents and winds, among other factors.
Given a dataset <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathcal S</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="script">S</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq1-3049624.gif"/> ...</inline-formula> composed of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">g</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi>g</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq2-3049624.gif"/> </inline-formula> subsets with each data item belonging to one of them, multiset membership lookup takes an item <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">e</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq3-3049624.gif"/> </inline-formula> as input and outputs a binary answer whether <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">e\in {\mathcal S}</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>∈</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="script">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq4-3049624.gif"/> </inline-formula> and, in case of yes, the ID of the subset to which <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">e</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq5-3049624.gif"/> </inline-formula> belongs. Overlaid upon while more sophisticated than the canonical membership lookup, multiset membership lookup emerges as a pivotal functionality in many computing and networking paradigms. The quest to achieve high-speed, high-accuracy lookup with limited memory cost makes lookup algorithm design a challenging task, particularly when the data items arrive as a stream. In this paper, we devise compact data structures and lookup algorithms that are amendable for hardware implementation, while guaranteeing high lookup accuracy and supporting interactive query processing. We first propose multi-hash color table , a variant of Bloom filter, to encode subset IDs compactly and map the ID of an item to its subset ID. We further construct a more balanced data structure called balanced multi-hash color table to improve the compactness by integrating the state-of-the-art load balancing technique. We complete our work by addressing the case of batch arrivals and design a batched recording algorithm optimizing the memory efficiency. We give both theoretical and empirical analysis to characterize and evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms in terms of lookup accuracy, memory and access efficiency.
Zusammenfassung
Coming into effect on 1 June 2017, the Cyber Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (the ‘‘CSL’’) established the legal foundation of cybersecurity and data protection. The ...purpose of the law is to protect network security, maintain cyberspace and national security, safeguard public interests, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations.
The realization of seawater electrolysis requires high‐performing anode materials that should possess good catalytic activity, stability, and specificity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as ...well as high resistance toward chloride corrosion. Herein, the design of a multilayered oxygen‐evolution electrode is reported to meet the multiple needs of anode material for saline water splitting. The multilayered electrode is synthesized through direct thermal boronization of commercially available NiFe alloy plate with boron powder, followed by electrochemical oxidation. And this electrode is composed of the surface oxidized NiFeBx alloy layer, the NiFeBx alloy interlayer, and the NiFe alloy substrate. The boron species are present in the form of metaborate in the outermost oxidized NiFeBx layer, and their existence is conductive to the generation and stabilization of the catalytic active phase γ‐(Ni,Fe)OOH. The introduction of NiFeBx interlayer effectively prevents the excessive oxidative corrosion of the anode material in the electrolyte containing chloride ions.
A multilayered anode is synthesized, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity, stability, and specificity for oxygen evolution as well as high resistance toward chloride corrosion in saline water splitting. This electrode is composed of the surface oxidized NiFeBx as the catalytic active layer, the NiFeBx alloy interlayer as a corron‐proof layer, and the NiFe alloy substrate as a structural support.
Pentatricopeptide-repeat proteins (PPRs) are characterized by tandem arrays of a degenerate 35-amino-acid (PPR motifs), which can bind RNA strands and participate in post-transcription. PPR proteins ...family is one of the largest families in land plants and play important roles in organelle RNA metabolism and plant development. However, the functions of PPR genes involved in biotic and abiotic stresses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) remain largely unknown.
In the present study, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of PPR genes was performed. A total of 491 PPR genes were found in the rice genome, of which 246 PPR genes belong to the P subfamily, and 245 genes belong to the PLS subfamily. Gene structure analysis showed that most PPR genes lack intron. Chromosomal location analysis indicated that PPR genes were widely distributed in all 12 rice chromosomes. Phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed the distinct difference between the P and PLS subfamilies. Many PPR proteins are predicted to target chloroplasts or mitochondria, and a PPR protein (LOC_Os10g34310) was verified to localize in mitochondria. Furthermore, three PPR genes (LOC_Os03g17634,LOC_Os07g40820,LOC_Os04g51350) were verified as corresponding miRNA targets. The expression pattern analysis showed that many PPR genes could be induced under biotic and abiotic stresses. Finally, seven PPR genes were confirmed with their expression patterns under salinity or drought stress.
We found 491 PPR genes in the rice genome, and our genes structure analysis and syntenic analysis indicated that PPR genes might be derived from amplification by retro-transposition. The expression pattern present here suggested that PPR proteins have crucial roles in response to different abiotic stresses in rice. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the PPR gene family and will facilitate further studies on their roles in rice growth and development.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The functionalized conductive polymer is a promising choice for flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for harvesting human motion energy still poses challenges. In this work, a transparent ...and stretchable wrinkled poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) electrode based TENG (WP‐TENG) is fabricated. The optimum conductivity and transparency of PEDOT:PSS electrode can reach 0.14 kΩ □−1 and 90%, respectively, with maximum strain of ≈100%. Operating in single‐electrode mode at 2.5 Hz, the WP‐TENG with an area of 6 × 3 cm2 produces an open‐circuit voltage of 180 V, short‐circuit current of 22.6 µA, and average power density of 4.06 mW m−2. It can be worn on the wrist to harvest hand tapping energy and charge the capacitor to 2 V in ≈3.5 min, and then drive an electronic watch. Furthermore, the WP‐TENG as the human motion monitoring sensor could inspect the bending angle of the elbow and joint by analyzing the peak value of voltage and monitor the motion frequency by counting the peak number. The triboelectric mechanism also enables the WP‐TENG to realize high‐performance active tactile sensing. The assembled 3 pixel × 3 pixel tactile sensor array is fabricated for mapping the touch location or recording the shape of object contacted with the sensor array.
A transparent and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator is achieved by employing wrinkled poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) film as electrode. It can be worn on the wrist as a harvester to collect hand tapping energy. By attaching it to human skin, it can be treated as an active human motion monitoring sensor. The triboelectric mechanism also enables high‐performance active tactile sensing.
A CO2‐mediated hydrogen storage energy cycle is a promising way to implement a hydrogen economy, but the exploration of efficient catalysts to achieve this process remains challenging. Herein, ...sub‐nanometer Pd–Mn clusters were encaged within silicalite‐1 (S‐1) zeolites by a ligand‐protected method under direct hydrothermal conditions. The obtained zeolite‐encaged metallic nanocatalysts exhibited extraordinary catalytic activity and durability in both CO2 hydrogenation into formate and formic acid (FA) dehydrogenation back to CO2 and hydrogen. Thanks to the formation of ultrasmall metal clusters and the synergic effect of bimetallic components, the PdMn0.6@S‐1 catalyst afforded a formate generation rate of 2151 molformate molPd−1 h−1 at 353 K, and an initial turnover frequency of 6860 molH2
molPd−1 h−1 for CO‐free FA decomposition at 333 K without any additive. Both values represent the top levels among state‐of‐the‐art heterogeneous catalysts under similar conditions. This work demonstrates that zeolite‐encaged metallic catalysts hold great promise to realize CO2‐mediated hydrogen energy cycles in the future that feature fast charge and release kinetics.
Sub‐nanometer Pd–Mn clusters were encaged within silicalite‐1 zeolites by a ligand‐protected method under direct hydrothermal conditions. The obtained zeolite‐encaged metallic nanocatalysts exhibited a record formate generation rate of 2151 molformate molPd−1 h−1 at 353 K, and an excellent initial turnover frequency of 6860 molH2
molPd−1 h−1 for CO‐free formic acid decomposition at 333 K without any additive.
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