Vapor-phase selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde was carried out over Ir/TiO
2
catalysts with different Ir contents prepared by an impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray ...powder diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra of CO adsorption (CO-DRIFTS), NH
3
temperature-programmed desorption (NH
3
-TPD), Raman spectroscopy and temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO). It was found that with increasing Ir content in Ir/TiO
2
, both the activity (TOF) and selectivity to crotyl alcohol first increased and then slightly decreased. The 3 % Ir/TiO
2
catalyst showed the highest activity, (with a TOF of 9.3 × 10
−3
s
−1
) and the highest selectivity to crotyl alcohol (74.6 %) in the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde. The results of CO-DRIFTS indicated that the reduced catalyst contains a mixture of Ir
0
and Ir
δ+
. It was concluded that the catalytic performance of the catalysts depended on the strength of surface acidity and the Ir particles size for the selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol.
The cubic PbS nanoflowers were successfully synthesized by the biomolecule-assisted method in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide. This is an effective, simple and green synthetic method for ...the preparation of nanomaterials. It is noteworthy that the dosage of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and chitosan as well as appropriate reaction time and pressure of system are crucial to form the unusual nanoflower structured PbS. The unique nanoflowers have numerous petals, which grow along the < 100 > direction as a single crystal. Especially, the nanoflower PbS indicates better sensitivity to the laser power via Raman spectra. Although the product size of PbS obtained is larger than the Bohr radius, its UV-vis absorption spectrum shows a remarkable blue-shift from that of bulk PbS due to quantum-confinement effects.
The nanostructured ZnS of cubic nanocorals and open-benzene ring has been synthesized by the biomolecule-assisted method in mixture of supercritical carbon dioxide and water as reaction medium at 150
...°C and 28
MPa. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectrum of sample were characterized. The sodium tripoly phosphate and CO
2 as well as high-pressure condition might be the key factors for formation of the particular morphologies and nanostructures of ZnS. This synthesis method could be employed for preparation of other semiconductor nanomaterials.
CO
2
electroreduction is a promising technique for the management of the global carbon balance by low-grade renewable electricity. However, the lack of highly efficient and selective catalysts has ...hampered the development of this area. Herein, we report a poly-phenylenediamine-derived atomically dispersed Ni catalyst as a highly efficient and selective electrocatalyst for the conversion of CO
2
to CO. The catalyst facilitates efficient production of CO with high faradaic efficiency (FE) (90%) and a large current density of 11.6 mA cm
−2
at −0.8 V compared to a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). An excellent turnover frequency (TOF) of 3079 h
−1
for the electroreduction of CO
2
was also achieved at −0.8 V
vs.
RHE.
A highly efficient atomically dispersed Ni catalyst for CO
2
electroreduction was synthesized by a simple and low-cost method.
The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effects of intravenous flurbiprofen axetil for the refractory pain in cancer patients.
2109 patients were screened from the department of ...medical oncology, the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university in China between October of 2007 and October of 2008. Thirty-seven cases of cancer patients who had bad effect from anaesthetic drugs were received administration of intravenous flurbiprofen axetil with dose of 50 mg/5 ml/day. The pain score was evaluated for pre- and post- treatment by Pain Faces Scale criteria, and the side effects were also observed.
Intravenous flurbiprofen axetil increased the analgesic effects. The total effective rate was 92%. The side effects, such as abdominal pain, alimentary tract bleeding which were found in using NSAIDs or constipation, nausea, vomit, sleepiness which were found in using opioid drugs did not be found.
Intravenous flurbiprofen axetil could provide better analgesia effects and few side effects to patients with refractory cancer pain. It could also increase analgesia effects when combining with anesthetic drugs in treatment of moderate or severe pain, especially breakthrough pain, and suit to patients who can not take oral drugs for the reason of constipation and psychosomatic symptoms.
RACK1 Regulates Specific Functions of Gβγ Chen, Songhai; Dell, Edward J.; Lin, Fang ...
The Journal of biological chemistry,
04/2004, Letnik:
279, Številka:
17
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We showed previously that Gβγ interacts with Receptor for Activated CKinase 1 (RACK1), a protein that not only binds activated protein kinase C (PKC) but also serves as an adaptor/scaffold for many ...signaling pathways. Here we report that RACK1 does not interact with Gα subunits or heterotrimeric G proteins but binds free Gβγ subunits released from activated heterotrimeric G proteins following the activation of their cognate receptors in vivo. The association with Gβγ promotes the translocation of RACK1 from the cytosol to the membrane. Moreover, binding of RACK1 to Gβγ results in inhibition of Gβγ-mediated activation of phospholipase C β2 and adenylyl cyclase II. However, RACK1 has no effect on other functions of Gβγ, such as activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway or chemotaxis of HEK293 cells via the chemokine receptor CXCR2. Similarly, RACK1 does not affect signal transduction through the Gα subunits of Gi, Gs, or Gq. Collectively, these findings suggest a role of RACK1 in regulating specific functions of Gβγ.
Sn super(4+)-doped FeS sub(2) cubes with high yield thin films have been successfully synthesized on FTO glass through a simple hydrothermal process. The Sn super(4+)-doped FeS sub(2) cubes are ...single crystalline in cubic structure with (2 0 0) facet as the main exposed surface. The formation process was investigated. Sn super(2+) was found to play an important role during the formation process of FeS sub(2) growing on FTO glass. The direct optical band gap value can be estimated to be 1.71 eV which is much larger than that of bulk FeS sub(2) due to the Sn super(4+) doping. The photoelectrochemical properties of the Sn super(4+)-doped FeS sub(2) films were studied as well. There is a significant increase in photocurrent of Sn super(4+)-doped FeS sub(2) electrode compared to that of undoped sample.
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